The Journal of

The Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy on Decreasing Stress and
  Perfectionism among Female Second-Grade Students of State Elite High Schools of Yazd
Mansour Dehghan  Manshadi (P.hD.)¹,Sara  Dibazar(M.Sc.)², Yaser Heydari (P.hD.)³,                                 Fahimeh Kalantarzadeh(M.Sc.)⁴
1.Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Yazd Univercity,Yazd, Iran.
2. M.Sc., Department of Educational Psychology, Ahvaz branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.
3.Corresponding Author: PhD Student of Education Psychology, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran.
Email:heidari.yaser73@ut.ac.ir    Tel:09103341292
4. M.Sc., Department of General Psychology, Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University of Meybod, Iran.
Abstract
Introduction;Mindfulness and acceptance-based therapies are known as third-wave cognitive-behavioral therapies. This therapy combines the presence of the mind as a goal of therapy with exercises such as stopping conscious thinking and non-judgmental observation of one's own thoughts. It was present to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on perfectionism and stress of female students in public model schools in the second year of high school in Yazd
Introduction: Mindfulness- and acceptance-based therapies are known as the third wave of cognitive-behavioral therapies. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on perfectionism and stress in female students studying in state model high schools in Yazd.
Methods: The total number of this population was 784 in the academic year 2016- 2017, of which 30 people were selected using Multistage Cluster Sampling. Later, they were assigned to two groups (control and experiment) randomly. Ahvaz perfectionist scale (APS) as well as Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS) were the research tools used in this study. The intervention included eight sessions of intervention in the experiment group. Mancova (analysis of covariance) was applied to analyze the data obtained.
Results: The finding showed that Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy was effective in reducing Perfectionism and Stress among the experiment group members (P<0/001).
Conclusion: The findings show that Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy can be applied to Perfectionism and Stress among female students, paving the way for better adjustment and achievement for these important social group.
 
Keywords: Stress, Students, Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy, Perfectionism.
Conflict of interest: The authors declared that there is no Conflict interest.


References
1-Sarvarian  Z, Taghizadeh  M, Mtw C. Significant effectiveness on adolescent social adequacy. Quarterly Journal of Social Psychology Research. 2011; 6 (11):33- 43.[Persian]
2- Aghagedi P,Etemadi  A. A Study of the Effectiveness of Glasser's Theory of Selection and Control Theory on Delivering Adolescent Identity Pattern. Quarterly Journal of Psychological Studies. 2011; 8: 20-34. [Persian]
3-Kushkali M, Hadi K , Hassani G. Effectiveness of self-efficacy training on academic stress and social skills of female students. School Psychology Magazine. 2018;7(2):196-213.[Persian]
4-Taklavi S, Farshi A. Comparison of self-critical levels, perceived stress and positive and negative emotions in mothers of students with and without learning disabilities. Journal of Learning Disabilities. 2017; 2 (2): 2-4.[Persian]
5- Moghimi SM. Research Approach Organization and Management. Tehran: Termeh Publications. Tehran: Termeh Publications. 2009. [Persian]
6-Stoeber J, Kempe T, Keogh EJ.Facets of self-oriented and socially prescribed perfectionism and feelings of pride, shame, and guilt following success and failure. Journal of Personality and Individual Differences. 2008; 44(7):1506-16.
7-Mohammadzadeh A,Samko  SA, Saadi S. Investigating the relationship between perfectionism, stress and decomposition between male and female swimming coaches. Journal of Sports Development and Learning. 2012; 9: 129-39. [Persian]
8-Flett GL, Hewitt  PL.Perfectionism and Maladjustment: an Overview of Theoretical, Definitional, and Treatment Issues. In: Flett GL, Hewitt PL (Eds). Perfectionism: Theory, Research, and Treatment. Washington; American Psychological Association. 2002; 5- 31.
9-Lowell SA, Limke. Adult Romantic Attachment and Types of Perfectionism. Journal of Scientific Psychology. 2009;18-23.
10-Segal ZV, Williams JMG, Teasdale JD.Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for depression—a new approach to preventing relapse. Guilford Press; New York. 2002.
11-Moradi A.The effectiveness of cognitive therapy based on mindfulness awareness on social anxiety of mothers with mentally retarded students. Quarterly Journal of Psychological Development. 2019; 6 (39):1-8.[Persian]
12- Farhadi M , Pasandideh MM. The effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBSR) in reducing stress, anxiety and depression, and increasing self-efficacy in patients with multiple sclerosis. Journal of Clinical Psychology and Personality.2017;15(2):7-15. [Persian]
13-Qaderi Javid S, Gholamrezaei S ,Rezaei F. The effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on reducing perceived stress and eating disorders in students with eating symptoms. Urmia Medical Journal. 2016; 27 (8): 801-10. [Persian]
14-Sabet A , Rahmani AA. The effect of cognitive therapy based on mindfulness on perfectionism and work maturity of female students. Journal of Contemporary Psychology. 2017; 12:436-40. [Persian]
15-Mousavian N, Moradi A, Mirzaee J, Shidfar F, Mahmoudi Kahrizi B, Taheri F. The effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in reducing obesity. Andisheh va Raftar.2010; 4(16): 49-58. [Persian]
16-Smith BW, Shelley BM, Dalen J, et al. A pilot study comparing the effects of mindfulness-based and cognitive- behavioral stress reduction. J Altern Complement Med 2008;14(3):251–8.
17-Evans S, Ferrando S, Findler M, et al. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for generalized anxiety disorder. J Anxiety Disord.2008;22(4):716-21.
18- Carlson LE, Garland SN. Impact of mindfulness- based stress reduction (MBSR) on sleep, mood, stress and fatigue symptoms in cancer outpatients. Int J Behav Med.2005;12(4):278–85.
19-McIndoo  CC,File AA, Preddy T,et al. Mindfulness-based therapy and behavioral activation: A randomized controlled trial with depressed college students, Behaviour Research and Therapy. 2016; 77:118-28.
20-Stoeber J, Kempe T, Keogh EJ.Facets of self-oriented and socially prescribed perfectionism and feelings of pride, shame, and guilt following success and failure. Journal of ersonality and Individual Differences.2008; 44(7):1506-16.
21-Najjarian B,Attari Y, Zargar Y. Construction and validation of a scale for measuring perfectionism. Journal of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. 2001; 4 (6): 57-77. [Persian]
22-Verdiv M,Mehrabizadeh Honarmand  M, Najjarian B. The relationship between perfectionism and psychological stubbornness with mental health and academic performance. Journal of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. 2001; 3 (2): 51-70. [Persian]
23-Lovibond PF, Lovibond SH. The structure of negative emotional states: comparison of the depression anxiety stress scales (DASS) with the beck depression and anxiety inventories. Behave Res Ther. 1995; 33:335-43.
24-Asghari Moghaddam MA,Saed F,Dibaj Nia P,et al. Investigating the validity and reliability of depression, anxiety and stress (DASS) scales in non-clinical samples. Journal of Knowledge and Behavior.2008;15(31)23-38.[Persian]
25-Brown KW, Ryan RM, Creswell JD.Mindfulness: Theoretical foundations and evidence for its salutary effects. Psychological Inquiry.2007;18 (7):211–37.
26-Falkenstrom F.Studying Mindfulness in Experienced Meditators: A Quasi- Experimental Approach. Personality and Individual Differences.2010; 48(4):305-10.
27- Arch JJ, Craske MG. Mechanisms of mindfulness: emotion regulation following a focused breathing induction. Behav Res Ther. 2006;44(12):1849–58.
28-Rachman SJ, Hodgson R. JObsessions and Compulsions. Englewood cliffs. New York: Prentice- Hall; 1980.
29-Ljotsson B, Andreewitch S, Hedman E, et al. Exposure and mindfulness based therapy for irritable bowel syndrome-an open pilot study. Journal Behavior Therapy Experimental Psychiatry. 2010; 41(3): 185-90.