Volume 23, Issue 6 (2-2025)
TB 2025, 23(6): 109-124 |
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noroozi F, saremi A. Pilates and Vitamin D is an Effective Intervention Protocol to Improve Strength and Muscle Mass and Quality of Life Related to Menopause in Women. TB 2025; 23 (6) :109-124
URL: http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-3679-en.html
URL: http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-3679-en.html
Research Institute for Applied Studies in Sport Sciences, Arak University, Arak, Iran , a-saremi@araku.ac.ir
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Pilates and Vitamin D is an Effective Intervention Protocol to Improve Strength and Muscle Mass and Quality of Life Related to Menopause in Women
Fatemeh Noroozi(M.Sc.)1 , Abbas Saremi(Ph.D.)2
1.MS.c. of Department of Motor Behavior and Sport Psychology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Arak University, Iran.
2.Corresponding Author: Professor of Department Sport Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Arak University, Iran. E-mail: araku.ac.ir. Tel: +989163622668
Abstract
Introduction:Postmenopausal women are at risk of developing sarcopenia and compromising musculoskeletal health and quality of life. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of a course of pilates training with vitamin D supplementation on skeletal muscle strength and mass and quality of life in postmenopausal women.
Methods: In this quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design, 29 postmenopausal women (48.94±2.73 years old) were purposively selected through advertisements posted on the Internet in Arak city between March 2013 and April 2014 and randomly assigned to vitamin D supplementation (VD), pilates + vitamin D (PT + VD), and control (C) groups. The PT+VD group did 3 sessions of 60-minute pilates exercises every week for 8 weeks (a total of 24 sessions) and received vitamin D (dose 2000 units) every other day, while the VD group only used vitamin D every other day. Before and after the intervention, metabolic indices, quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire with high reliability and validity: Cronbach's alpha = 0.92), body composition (bioelectrical impedance), and muscle strength (dynamometer) were assessed. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 26 software and analysis of covariance tests.
Results: The results of the present study showed that muscle strength and lean mass significantly increased in the VD and PT+VD groups (P<0.05). In the PT+VD group, all four domains of quality of life (physical health, psychological health, social relationships, and social environment) significantly improved (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The results showed that vitamin D supplementation can improve quality of life as well as strength and lean mass in postmenopausal women. The improvement observed in quality of life and skeletal muscle function in postmenopausal women was doubled with the addition of pilates training.
Keywords: Menopause, Muscle strength, Healthy life expectancy, Exercise therapy, Vitamin D
Conflict of interest: The authors declared no conflict of interest
References
1-Grima-Terrén M, Campanario S, Ramírez-Pardo I & et al. Muscle aging and sarcopenia: The pathology, etiology, and most promising therapeutic targets. Mol Aspects Med. 2024; 100:101319.
2-Cho MR, Lee S, Song SK. A Review of Sarcopenia Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Treatment and Future Direction. J Korean Med Sci. 2022 May 9;37(18): e146.
3-Dao T, Green AE, Kim YA & et al. Sarcopenia and Muscle Aging: A Brief Overview. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul). 2020;35(4):716-732.
4-Remelli F, Vitali A, Zurlo A & et al. Vitamin D Deficiency and Sarcopenia in Older Persons. Nutrients. 2019; 11(12):2861.
5-Li X, Chen C, Zhang Y & et al. Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Risk of Disability in Activities of Daily Living among the Oldest-Old: An Observational and Mendelian Randomization Study. J Nutr. 2024; 154(3):1004-1013.
6-Girgis CM, Cha KM, So B & et al. Mice with myocyte deletion of vitamin D receptor have sarcopenia and impaired muscle function. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2019; 10(6):1228-1240.
7-Abiri B, Vafa M. Vitamin D and Muscle Sarcopenia in Aging. Methods Mol Biol. 2020; 2138:29-47.
8-Romeu Montenegro K, Amarante Pufal M, Newsholme P. Vitamin D Supplementation and Impact on Skeletal Muscle Function in Cell and Animal Models and an Aging Population: What Do We Know So Far? Nutrients. 2021; 13(4):1110.
9-Giustina A, Bilezikian JP, Adler RA & et al. Consensus Statement on Vitamin D Status Assessment and Supplementation: Whys, Whens, and Hows. Endocr Rev. 2024; 45(5):625-654.
10-Franks J, Thwaites C, Morris ME. Pilates to Improve Core Muscle Activation in Chronic Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review. Healthcare (Basel). 2023; 11(10):1404.
11-Trombetti A, Reid KF, Hars M & et al. Age-associated declines in muscle mass, strength, power, and physical performance: impact on fear of falling and quality of life. Osteoporos Int. 2016;27(2):463-71.
12-Pereira MJ, Mendes R, Mendes RS & et al. Benefits of Pilates in the Elderly Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ. 2022; 12(3):236-268.
13-da Silva DJF, Torres JL, Ericeira LP & et al. Pilates and Cognitive Stimulation in Dual Task an Intervention Protocol to Improve Functional Abilities and Minimize the Rate of Age-Related Cognitive Decline in Postmenopausal Women. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022; 19(20):13333.
14-Ferreira PP, Cangussu L, Bueloni-Dias FN & et al. Vitamin D supplementation improves the metabolic syndrome risk profile in postmenopausal women. Climacteric. 2020; 23(1):24-31.
15-Dashti E, Rassouli M, Khanali Mojen L & et al. Nurses' fatigue in neonatal intensive care units and premature infants' readmissions. Iranian Journal of Nursing Research. 2015;10(2):1-10.
16-Nejat S, Montazeri A, Holakouie Naieni K & et al. Standardization of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF): translation and psychometrics of the Iranian version. J Sch Public Heal Inst Public Heal Res. 2006; 4(4):1–12.
17-Buckinx F, Aubertin-Leheudre M. Sarcopenia in Menopausal Women: Current Perspectives. Int J Womens Health. 2022; 14:805-819.
18-Sha T, Wang Y, Zhang Y & et al. Genetic Variants, Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels, and Sarcopenia: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis. JAMA Netw Open. 2023; 6(8): e2331558.
19-El Hajj C, Fares S, Chardigny JM & et al. Vitamin D supplementation and muscle strength in pre-sarcopenic elderly Lebanese people: a randomized controlled trial. Arch Osteoporos. 2018; 14(1):4.
20-Agoncillo M, Yu J, Gunton JE. The Role of Vitamin D in Skeletal Muscle Repair and Regeneration in Animal Models and Humans: A Systematic Review. Nutrients. 2023; 15(20):4377.
21-Suebthawinkul C, Panyakhamlerd K, Yotnuengnit P & et al. The effect of vitamin D2 supplementation on muscle strength in early postmenopausal women: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Climacteric. 2018; 21(5):491-497.
22-Uchitomi R, Oyabu M, Kamei Y. Vitamin D and Sarcopenia: Potential of Vitamin D Supplementation in Sarcopenia Prevention and Treatment. Nutrients. 2020; 12(10):3189.
23-Kressel H, Matsakas A. Current Research on Vitamin D Supplementation against Sarcopenia: A Review of Clinical Trials. Int J Sports Med. 2023; 44(12):843-856.
24-Zhang F, Li W. Vitamin D and Sarcopenia in the Senior People: A Review of Mechanisms and Comprehensive Prevention and Treatment Strategies. Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2024; 20:577-595.
25-Fernández-Rodríguez R, Álvarez-Bueno C, Cavero-Redondo I & et al. Best Exercise Options for Reducing Pain and Disability in Adults with Chronic Low Back Pain: Pilates, Strength, Core-Based, and Mind-Body. A Network Meta-analysis. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2022; 52(8):505-521.
26-Pinto JR, Santos CS, Souza Soares WJ & et al. Is pilates better than other exercises at increasing muscle strength? A systematic review. Heliyon. 2022; 8(11): e11564.
27-Plachy J, Kovach M, Bognar J. Improving flexibility and endurance of elderly women through a six-month training programme. Hum. Mov. 2012; 13, 22–27.
28-Lubans DR, Mundey CM, Lubans NJ & et al. Pilot randomized controlled trial: elastic-resistance-training and lifestyle-activity intervention for sedentary older adults. J Aging Phys Act. 2013; 21(1):20-32.
29-Denham-Jones L, Gaskell L, Spence N & et al. A systematic review of the effectiveness of Pilates on pain, disability, physical function, and quality of life in older adults with chronic musculoskeletal conditions. Musculoskeletal Care. 2022; 20(1):10-30.
30-Trombetti A, Reid KF, Hars M & et al. Fielding RA. Age-associated declines in muscle mass, strength, power, and physical performance: impact on fear of falling and quality of life. Osteoporos Int. 2016; 27(2):463-71.
Full-Text: (71 Views)
Pilates and Vitamin D is an Effective Intervention Protocol to Improve Strength and Muscle Mass and Quality of Life Related to Menopause in Women
Fatemeh Noroozi(M.Sc.)1 , Abbas Saremi(Ph.D.)2
1.MS.c. of Department of Motor Behavior and Sport Psychology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Arak University, Iran.
2.Corresponding Author: Professor of Department Sport Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Arak University, Iran. E-mail: araku.ac.ir. Tel: +989163622668
Abstract
Introduction:Postmenopausal women are at risk of developing sarcopenia and compromising musculoskeletal health and quality of life. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of a course of pilates training with vitamin D supplementation on skeletal muscle strength and mass and quality of life in postmenopausal women.
Methods: In this quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design, 29 postmenopausal women (48.94±2.73 years old) were purposively selected through advertisements posted on the Internet in Arak city between March 2013 and April 2014 and randomly assigned to vitamin D supplementation (VD), pilates + vitamin D (PT + VD), and control (C) groups. The PT+VD group did 3 sessions of 60-minute pilates exercises every week for 8 weeks (a total of 24 sessions) and received vitamin D (dose 2000 units) every other day, while the VD group only used vitamin D every other day. Before and after the intervention, metabolic indices, quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire with high reliability and validity: Cronbach's alpha = 0.92), body composition (bioelectrical impedance), and muscle strength (dynamometer) were assessed. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 26 software and analysis of covariance tests.
Results: The results of the present study showed that muscle strength and lean mass significantly increased in the VD and PT+VD groups (P<0.05). In the PT+VD group, all four domains of quality of life (physical health, psychological health, social relationships, and social environment) significantly improved (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The results showed that vitamin D supplementation can improve quality of life as well as strength and lean mass in postmenopausal women. The improvement observed in quality of life and skeletal muscle function in postmenopausal women was doubled with the addition of pilates training.
Keywords: Menopause, Muscle strength, Healthy life expectancy, Exercise therapy, Vitamin D
Conflict of interest: The authors declared no conflict of interest
References
1-Grima-Terrén M, Campanario S, Ramírez-Pardo I & et al. Muscle aging and sarcopenia: The pathology, etiology, and most promising therapeutic targets. Mol Aspects Med. 2024; 100:101319.
2-Cho MR, Lee S, Song SK. A Review of Sarcopenia Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Treatment and Future Direction. J Korean Med Sci. 2022 May 9;37(18): e146.
3-Dao T, Green AE, Kim YA & et al. Sarcopenia and Muscle Aging: A Brief Overview. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul). 2020;35(4):716-732.
4-Remelli F, Vitali A, Zurlo A & et al. Vitamin D Deficiency and Sarcopenia in Older Persons. Nutrients. 2019; 11(12):2861.
5-Li X, Chen C, Zhang Y & et al. Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Risk of Disability in Activities of Daily Living among the Oldest-Old: An Observational and Mendelian Randomization Study. J Nutr. 2024; 154(3):1004-1013.
6-Girgis CM, Cha KM, So B & et al. Mice with myocyte deletion of vitamin D receptor have sarcopenia and impaired muscle function. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2019; 10(6):1228-1240.
7-Abiri B, Vafa M. Vitamin D and Muscle Sarcopenia in Aging. Methods Mol Biol. 2020; 2138:29-47.
8-Romeu Montenegro K, Amarante Pufal M, Newsholme P. Vitamin D Supplementation and Impact on Skeletal Muscle Function in Cell and Animal Models and an Aging Population: What Do We Know So Far? Nutrients. 2021; 13(4):1110.
9-Giustina A, Bilezikian JP, Adler RA & et al. Consensus Statement on Vitamin D Status Assessment and Supplementation: Whys, Whens, and Hows. Endocr Rev. 2024; 45(5):625-654.
10-Franks J, Thwaites C, Morris ME. Pilates to Improve Core Muscle Activation in Chronic Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review. Healthcare (Basel). 2023; 11(10):1404.
11-Trombetti A, Reid KF, Hars M & et al. Age-associated declines in muscle mass, strength, power, and physical performance: impact on fear of falling and quality of life. Osteoporos Int. 2016;27(2):463-71.
12-Pereira MJ, Mendes R, Mendes RS & et al. Benefits of Pilates in the Elderly Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ. 2022; 12(3):236-268.
13-da Silva DJF, Torres JL, Ericeira LP & et al. Pilates and Cognitive Stimulation in Dual Task an Intervention Protocol to Improve Functional Abilities and Minimize the Rate of Age-Related Cognitive Decline in Postmenopausal Women. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022; 19(20):13333.
14-Ferreira PP, Cangussu L, Bueloni-Dias FN & et al. Vitamin D supplementation improves the metabolic syndrome risk profile in postmenopausal women. Climacteric. 2020; 23(1):24-31.
15-Dashti E, Rassouli M, Khanali Mojen L & et al. Nurses' fatigue in neonatal intensive care units and premature infants' readmissions. Iranian Journal of Nursing Research. 2015;10(2):1-10.
16-Nejat S, Montazeri A, Holakouie Naieni K & et al. Standardization of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF): translation and psychometrics of the Iranian version. J Sch Public Heal Inst Public Heal Res. 2006; 4(4):1–12.
17-Buckinx F, Aubertin-Leheudre M. Sarcopenia in Menopausal Women: Current Perspectives. Int J Womens Health. 2022; 14:805-819.
18-Sha T, Wang Y, Zhang Y & et al. Genetic Variants, Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels, and Sarcopenia: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis. JAMA Netw Open. 2023; 6(8): e2331558.
19-El Hajj C, Fares S, Chardigny JM & et al. Vitamin D supplementation and muscle strength in pre-sarcopenic elderly Lebanese people: a randomized controlled trial. Arch Osteoporos. 2018; 14(1):4.
20-Agoncillo M, Yu J, Gunton JE. The Role of Vitamin D in Skeletal Muscle Repair and Regeneration in Animal Models and Humans: A Systematic Review. Nutrients. 2023; 15(20):4377.
21-Suebthawinkul C, Panyakhamlerd K, Yotnuengnit P & et al. The effect of vitamin D2 supplementation on muscle strength in early postmenopausal women: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Climacteric. 2018; 21(5):491-497.
22-Uchitomi R, Oyabu M, Kamei Y. Vitamin D and Sarcopenia: Potential of Vitamin D Supplementation in Sarcopenia Prevention and Treatment. Nutrients. 2020; 12(10):3189.
23-Kressel H, Matsakas A. Current Research on Vitamin D Supplementation against Sarcopenia: A Review of Clinical Trials. Int J Sports Med. 2023; 44(12):843-856.
24-Zhang F, Li W. Vitamin D and Sarcopenia in the Senior People: A Review of Mechanisms and Comprehensive Prevention and Treatment Strategies. Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2024; 20:577-595.
25-Fernández-Rodríguez R, Álvarez-Bueno C, Cavero-Redondo I & et al. Best Exercise Options for Reducing Pain and Disability in Adults with Chronic Low Back Pain: Pilates, Strength, Core-Based, and Mind-Body. A Network Meta-analysis. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2022; 52(8):505-521.
26-Pinto JR, Santos CS, Souza Soares WJ & et al. Is pilates better than other exercises at increasing muscle strength? A systematic review. Heliyon. 2022; 8(11): e11564.
27-Plachy J, Kovach M, Bognar J. Improving flexibility and endurance of elderly women through a six-month training programme. Hum. Mov. 2012; 13, 22–27.
28-Lubans DR, Mundey CM, Lubans NJ & et al. Pilot randomized controlled trial: elastic-resistance-training and lifestyle-activity intervention for sedentary older adults. J Aging Phys Act. 2013; 21(1):20-32.
29-Denham-Jones L, Gaskell L, Spence N & et al. A systematic review of the effectiveness of Pilates on pain, disability, physical function, and quality of life in older adults with chronic musculoskeletal conditions. Musculoskeletal Care. 2022; 20(1):10-30.
30-Trombetti A, Reid KF, Hars M & et al. Fielding RA. Age-associated declines in muscle mass, strength, power, and physical performance: impact on fear of falling and quality of life. Osteoporos Int. 2016; 27(2):463-71.
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Elderly Health
Received: 2024/10/13 | Accepted: 2024/12/11 | Published: 2025/02/28
Received: 2024/10/13 | Accepted: 2024/12/11 | Published: 2025/02/28
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