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TB 2024, 23(1): 1-17 |
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Salami M, Sayadi L, Haqqani S, Mohammadnejad E, Ghorbani A. Investigating the Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Life Expectancy in Leukemia Patients regarding Selected Hospitals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2023. TB 2024; 23 (1) :1-17
URL: http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-3608-en.html
URL: http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-3608-en.html
Medical Surgical Nursing Department, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran , ghorbaniazam98@gmail.com
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Investigating the Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Life Expectancy in Leukemia Patients regarding Selected Hospitals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2023
Moein Salami(M.Sc.s)1, Leila Sayadi(Ph.D.)2, Shima Haghani(M.Sc)3, Esmaeil Mohammadnejad(Ph.D.)4, Azam Ghorbani(Ph.D.)5
1. MSc Student in Nursing School of Nursing & Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2.Associate Professor Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3.Master of Science in Biostatistics, Nursing Care Research Center, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4.Associate Professor, Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing and Basic Sciences, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Research Center for antibiotic stewardship and antimicrobial resistance, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
5.Corresponding author: Assistant Professor, Medical-Surgical Nursing Department, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Introduction: Experiencing tensions such as anxiety, stress, and depression is inevitable due to the nature of the disease and treatment, which can affect the life expectancy of these patients. Emotional intelligence is one of the most effective components in adapting to a disease and its complications and in complying with treatment. This study is conducted with the aim of determining the relationship between emotional intelligence and life expectancy in leukemia patients.
Methods: This was a descriptive -correlational study conducted on 200 patients with leukemia who were referred to the selected hospitals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2023. The research tools included a demographic information form, Schutte emotional intelligence questionnaire, and Snyder life expectancy questionnaire. Data analysis was done in SPSS version 16 using descriptive and inferential statistics methods.
Results: The average age of the participants in the research was 36/83 ± 11/13 in the age range of 18-69. Most of the patients were male (62%) and married (66/5%). The mean score of emotional intelligence in leukemia patients was 127/17 and the mean score of life expectancy was 32/19. According to the results of the study, there was a positive and significant correlation between emotional intelligence and life expectancy (P<0/001) (r=0/364).
Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, patients with higher emotional intelligence had higher life expectancy. Since emotional intelligence is very helpful in facing stress and tension and can be taught and learned, implementing interventions to increase emotional intelligence can be the basis for improving the life expectancy of these patients.
Keywords: Emotional Intelligence, Life Expectancy, Leukemia
References
1-Zhao Z, Hu Y, Li J & et al. Applications of PET in Diagnosis and Prognosis of Leukemia. Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment. 2020;19:1-12.
2-Manzoumeh Sh, Akbari B. The Effectiveness of Relaxation Techniques Training on Mental Health Indicators and Resilience of Mothers of Children with Leukemia. Avicenna Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Care. 2019;27:198-207.
3-Bahrami M, Assarroudi M, Mahmoodzadeh M. Investigation of Symptoms' Frequency, Severity, and Distress in Patients with Leukemia Admitted to Hematology-Oncology Wards of Selected Hospitals in Isfahan, Iran, in 2016. J Health Syst Res. 2017;13(2):140-5.
4-Koohi F, Ghoncheh M, Salehiniya H. Epidemiology and Trend of Incidence of the Leukemia in Iran Journal of Isfahan Medical School. 2016;33(361):2055-61.
5-Daneshnia F, Davodi H, Taghvaei D & et al. Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on Psychological distress and Sleep problems in the Women with Breast Cancer. Medical Journal of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. 2020;63(6):3066-77.
6-Mavaeeyan S, Mirderikvand F, Sadeghi M. Effectiveness of Existential-Humanity based Therapy on Psychological Well-Being and Post-Traumatic Growth in Women with Breast Cancer. Journal of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences. 2021;29(7):3919-30.
7-Basharpoor S, NasriNasrabadi B, Heidari F & et al. The Role of Health Beliefs and Illness Perceptions in Predicting Health-Promoting Behaviors in Cancer Patients. Iran J Health Educ Health Promot. 2018;6(2):102-13.
8-Leak Bryant A, Lee Walton A, Shaw-Kokot J & et al. Patient-Reported Symptoms and Quality of Life in Adults With Acute Leukemia: A Systematic Review. Oncol Nurs Forum. 2015;42(2):91-101.
9-Schoormans D, Jansen M, Mols F & et al. Negative illness perceptions are related to more fatigue among haematological cancer survivors. Acta Oncol. 2020;59(8):959-66.
10-Albrecht TA. Physiologic and Psychological Symptoms Experienced by Adults With Acute Leukemia: An Integrative Literature Review. Oncol Nurs Forum. 2014;41(3):286-95.
11-Caliskan EG, SEN K, Merdin A & et al. Illness perception of the patients with hematological cancers: A single center study. Int J Pharma Bio Sci. 2019;10(2):204-10.
12-Colonio C, Lecman L, Pinto JA & et al. Life expectancy and cancer survival in Oncosalud: outcomes over a 15-year period in a Peruvian private institution. Ecancermedicalscience. 2021;15:1336.
13-Pouresmaeel Niyazi M, Farshbaf Mani Sefat F, Khademi A & et al. The relationship of treatment adherence with illness perception, self-compassion and perceived social support: the mediatory role of life expectancy among patients with cardiovascular diseases. Shenakht Journal of Psychology and Psychiatry. 2022;9(2):92-105.
14-Capocaccia R, Gatta G, Dal Maso L. Life expectancy of colon, breast, and testicular cancer patients: an analysis of US-SEER population-based data. Ann Oncol. 2015;16(6):1263-8.
15-Madani H, Pourmemari MH, Moghimi M & et al. Hopelessness, Perceived Social Support and their Relationship in Iranian Patients with Cancer. Asia Pac J Oncol Nurs. 2018;5:314-9.
16-Alishahi M, Dehghan P, Naghibeiranvand M & et al. The relationship between social support and hope in cancer patients. Journal of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences. 2021;9(3):80-8.
17-Bassak Nejad S, Shakeri Nejad G, Moradi B & et al. Treatment and Predicting Life Expectancy for Women with Breast Cancer Based on Perception of the Disease, Perceived Social Support, and Coping Styles. Razi J Med Sci. 2022;29(2):28-38.
18-Chen WY, Wang S, Peng X & et al. Trait emotional intelligence and quality of life among breast cancer patients: The mediating role of fear of cancer recurrence. Int J Nurs Pract. 2022;28(4):1-9.
19-Baba MM. Navigating COVID-19 with emotional intelligence. IJSP. 2020;66(8):810-20.
20-Taghizadeh B, Masoompour A, Shrinabadi Farahani A & et al. Effectiveness of Emotional Intelligence Training on the Quality of Life of Mothers of Children with Leukemia. Support Palliat Care Cancer. 2017;1(1):22-7.
21-de Looff P, Nijman H, Didden R & et al. Burnout symptoms in forensic psychiatric nurses and their associations with personality, emotional intelligence and client aggression: A cross-sectional study. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 2018;25(8):506-16.
22-Higuchi Y, Inagaki M, Koyama T & et al. Emotional Intelligence and its Effect on Pharmacists and Pharmacy Students with Autistic-like Traits. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education. 2017;81(4):74.
23-Schutte NS, Malouff JM, Thorsteinsson EB & et al. A meta-analytic investigation of the relationship between emotional intelligence and health. Personality and Individual Differences. 2007;42(6):921-33.
24-Guerra-Bustamante J, León-del-Barco B, Yuste-Tosina R & et al. Emotional intelligence and psychological well-being in adolescents. International journal of environmental research and public health. 2019;16(10):1720.
25-Mirzaei S, Tame AI, Anbiaie R & et al. Emotional intelligence as a predictor of health-related quality of life in breast cancer Survivors. Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing. 2019;6(3):261-8.
26-Sadeghpour F, Heidarzadeh M, Naseri P & et al. The Relationship between Emotional Intelligence with Posttraumatic Growth in Hemodialysis Patients. JHC. 2019;21(1):7-15.
27-Schutte NS, Thorsteinsson EB, Hine DW & et al. Experiential and rational processing styles, emotional intelligence and wellbeing. Australian Journal of Psychology. 2010;62:14-9.
28-Schutte N, Malouff JM, Bhullar N. The Assessing Emotions Scale. 1 ed: Springer; 2009. p. 119-34.
29-Goracci A, Fagiolini A, Martinucci M & et al. Quality of life, anxiety and depression in sarcoidosis. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2008;30(5):441-5.
30-Saati M, NasiriZiba F, Haghani H. The correlation between emotional intelligence and self-esteem in patients with intestinal stoma: A descriptive-correlational study. Nurs Open. 2021;8(4):1769-77.
31-Snyder CR, Lopez SJ. Positive psychology: the scientific and practical explorations of human strengths. New York: Sage publication Inc; 2007.
32-Vakili Y, Ghanbari N, Nooripour R & et al. Validity of the Snyder's Adult Hope Scale (AHS) among Iranian Women with Breast Cancer. Arch Breast Cance. 2022;9(1):96-103.
33-Snyder CR, Harris C, Anderson JR & et al. The will and the ways: Development and validation of an individualdifferences measure of hope. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 1991;60(4):570–85.
34-Kermani Z, Khodapanahi M K, Heidari M. Psychometrics features of the snyder hope scale. J Appl Psychol. 2011;5(3):7-23.
35-Oyur Celik G. The relationship between patient satisfaction and emotional intelligence skills of nurses working in surgical clinics. Patient Prefer Adherence. 2017;11:1363-8.
36-Ghiabia B, Besharat MA. An investigation of the relationship between Personality dimensions and emotional intelligence. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences. 2011;30:416 – 20.
37-Tajik A, Bastani F, Mirlashari Z & et al. Investigating the relationship between emotional intelligence and stress in mothers with babies admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit: Tehran University of Medical Sciences; 2016.
38-Rahmanian A, Makaremnia S, Abdia T. Role of Emotional Intelligence in the Quality of Nursing Care in Nurses Working in Covid-19 Care Units. AJNMC. 2023;31(1):46-56.
39-Rostami S, Medipour- Rabori R, Bagherian B & et al. Study the Relationship between Spiritual intelligence with Self-Esteem and Life Expectancy in Cancer Patients Referring to the Oncology Department of Kerman University of Medical Sciences Hospitals. IJNR. 2022;17(4):37-46.
40-Naseri Garagoun S, Mousavi M, Shabahang R & et al. The Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Intervention on Resilience and Life Expectancy of Gastrointestinal Cancers Patients. IJPN. 2021;9(2):60-71.
41-Shareh H, Robati Z. Effect of Cognitive-Behavioral Group Therapy on Pain Self-efficacy, Fatigue, Life Expectancy and Depression in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology. 2020;26(2):418-31.
42-Khaleghipour S, Khorramabadi M. The Mediating Role of Positive Psychological Functioning in the Relationship between Moods, Extreme Compensation, and Emotional Repression and Resilience in Patients with Digestive Cancer: A Descriptive Study. Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences. 2023;22(5):437-58.
43-Afrozeh M, Heidarzadeh A, Moghadam-Ahmadi A & et al. The Effectiveness of Stress Control Training on the Quality of Life of Female Patients with Multiple Sclerosis. Community Health Journal. 2023;17(2):84-94.
44-Yari M, Rasouli MA, Rezagholi P. The Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Job Burnout and Quality of Life in Operating Room Nurses. Paramedical Sciences and Military Health. 2021;16(1):1-8.
45-Abdel-Khalek AM. Introduction to the psychology of self-esteem Self-esteem: Perspectives, influences, and improvement strategies. Nova Science. 2014:1-23.
46-Baudry AS, Anota A, Mariette C & et al. The role of trait emotional intelligence in quality of life, anxiety and depression symptoms after surgery for esophageal or gastric cancer: A French national database FREGAT. Psycho-Oncology. 2019;28(4):799–806.
47-Ruiz‐González P, Guil R. Experiencing anxiety in breast cancer survival: Does perceived emotional intelligence matter? Psycho‐Oncology. 2023;32:972–9.
48-Kaschub M. Defining emotional intelligence in music education. Arts Education Policy Review. 2002;103(5):9-15.
49-Mirzaei J, Babaei R, Alizadegan MI & et al. Investigation of the effectiveness of emotional intelligence training on the general health and self-esteem in adolescents with cerebral palsy. Journal of Exceptional Children Empowerment. 2017;8(22):37–49.
50-Durosini I, Triberti S, Savioni L & et al. The role of emotion‐related abilities in the quality of life of breast cancer survivors: a systematic review. IJERPH. 2022;19:1‐25.
51-Doyle NA, Davis RE, Quadri SSA & et al. Associations between stress, anxiety, depression, and emotional intelligence among osteopathic medical students. 2021;121(2):125-33.
52-Karimi L, Leggat SG, Bartram T & et al. Emotional intelligence: predictor of employees’ wellbeing, quality of patient care, and psychological empowermen. BMC Psychol. 2021;9(1):1‐7.
53-Parker JDA, Bagby RM, Taylor G.J. Alexithemia and depression: Distinct or over lapping construct? Compr psychiatry. 1991:32387-394.
54-Ahoie KH, Faramarzi M, Hassanzadeh R. Psychological Well-Being of Patients with Breast Cancer and Its Relationship with Emotional Intelligence. J Babol Univ Med Sci. 2017;19(8):20-7.
55-Martins A, Ramalho N, Morin E. A comprehensive meta-analysis of the relationship between emotional intelligence and health. Personality and individual differences. 2010;49(6):554-64.
56-Sharifi M. Relationship between Fear of recurrence and psychologycal well-being in women with breast cancer: the predictive role of casual cancer attributions. Nursing and Midwifery Jouranl. 2021;19(6):496-506.
57-Kusaka K, Inoguchi H, Nakahara R & et al. Stress and coping strategies among allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation survivors: A qualitative study. Eur J Cancer Care. 2020;29(6):e13307.
58-Ames SC, Lange L, Ames GE & et al. A prospective study of the relationship between illness perception, depression, anxiety, and quality of life in hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients. Cancer Med. 2024;00:1-10.
59-Hinkle JL, Cheever KH, Overbaugh KJ. Brunner and Suddarth’s textbook of medical-surgical nursing. 15, editor: Wolters kluwer; 2022.
60-Megías JL RY, Ojeda B, Peña-Jurado I & et al. Belief in a Just World and Emotional Intelligence in Subjective Well-Being of Cancer Patients. Span J Psychol. 2019;22:E28,1-6.
Moein Salami(M.Sc.s)1, Leila Sayadi(Ph.D.)2, Shima Haghani(M.Sc)3, Esmaeil Mohammadnejad(Ph.D.)4, Azam Ghorbani(Ph.D.)5
1. MSc Student in Nursing School of Nursing & Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2.Associate Professor Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3.Master of Science in Biostatistics, Nursing Care Research Center, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4.Associate Professor, Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing and Basic Sciences, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Research Center for antibiotic stewardship and antimicrobial resistance, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
5.Corresponding author: Assistant Professor, Medical-Surgical Nursing Department, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Introduction: Experiencing tensions such as anxiety, stress, and depression is inevitable due to the nature of the disease and treatment, which can affect the life expectancy of these patients. Emotional intelligence is one of the most effective components in adapting to a disease and its complications and in complying with treatment. This study is conducted with the aim of determining the relationship between emotional intelligence and life expectancy in leukemia patients.
Methods: This was a descriptive -correlational study conducted on 200 patients with leukemia who were referred to the selected hospitals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2023. The research tools included a demographic information form, Schutte emotional intelligence questionnaire, and Snyder life expectancy questionnaire. Data analysis was done in SPSS version 16 using descriptive and inferential statistics methods.
Results: The average age of the participants in the research was 36/83 ± 11/13 in the age range of 18-69. Most of the patients were male (62%) and married (66/5%). The mean score of emotional intelligence in leukemia patients was 127/17 and the mean score of life expectancy was 32/19. According to the results of the study, there was a positive and significant correlation between emotional intelligence and life expectancy (P<0/001) (r=0/364).
Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, patients with higher emotional intelligence had higher life expectancy. Since emotional intelligence is very helpful in facing stress and tension and can be taught and learned, implementing interventions to increase emotional intelligence can be the basis for improving the life expectancy of these patients.
Keywords: Emotional Intelligence, Life Expectancy, Leukemia
References
1-Zhao Z, Hu Y, Li J & et al. Applications of PET in Diagnosis and Prognosis of Leukemia. Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment. 2020;19:1-12.
2-Manzoumeh Sh, Akbari B. The Effectiveness of Relaxation Techniques Training on Mental Health Indicators and Resilience of Mothers of Children with Leukemia. Avicenna Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Care. 2019;27:198-207.
3-Bahrami M, Assarroudi M, Mahmoodzadeh M. Investigation of Symptoms' Frequency, Severity, and Distress in Patients with Leukemia Admitted to Hematology-Oncology Wards of Selected Hospitals in Isfahan, Iran, in 2016. J Health Syst Res. 2017;13(2):140-5.
4-Koohi F, Ghoncheh M, Salehiniya H. Epidemiology and Trend of Incidence of the Leukemia in Iran Journal of Isfahan Medical School. 2016;33(361):2055-61.
5-Daneshnia F, Davodi H, Taghvaei D & et al. Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on Psychological distress and Sleep problems in the Women with Breast Cancer. Medical Journal of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. 2020;63(6):3066-77.
6-Mavaeeyan S, Mirderikvand F, Sadeghi M. Effectiveness of Existential-Humanity based Therapy on Psychological Well-Being and Post-Traumatic Growth in Women with Breast Cancer. Journal of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences. 2021;29(7):3919-30.
7-Basharpoor S, NasriNasrabadi B, Heidari F & et al. The Role of Health Beliefs and Illness Perceptions in Predicting Health-Promoting Behaviors in Cancer Patients. Iran J Health Educ Health Promot. 2018;6(2):102-13.
8-Leak Bryant A, Lee Walton A, Shaw-Kokot J & et al. Patient-Reported Symptoms and Quality of Life in Adults With Acute Leukemia: A Systematic Review. Oncol Nurs Forum. 2015;42(2):91-101.
9-Schoormans D, Jansen M, Mols F & et al. Negative illness perceptions are related to more fatigue among haematological cancer survivors. Acta Oncol. 2020;59(8):959-66.
10-Albrecht TA. Physiologic and Psychological Symptoms Experienced by Adults With Acute Leukemia: An Integrative Literature Review. Oncol Nurs Forum. 2014;41(3):286-95.
11-Caliskan EG, SEN K, Merdin A & et al. Illness perception of the patients with hematological cancers: A single center study. Int J Pharma Bio Sci. 2019;10(2):204-10.
12-Colonio C, Lecman L, Pinto JA & et al. Life expectancy and cancer survival in Oncosalud: outcomes over a 15-year period in a Peruvian private institution. Ecancermedicalscience. 2021;15:1336.
13-Pouresmaeel Niyazi M, Farshbaf Mani Sefat F, Khademi A & et al. The relationship of treatment adherence with illness perception, self-compassion and perceived social support: the mediatory role of life expectancy among patients with cardiovascular diseases. Shenakht Journal of Psychology and Psychiatry. 2022;9(2):92-105.
14-Capocaccia R, Gatta G, Dal Maso L. Life expectancy of colon, breast, and testicular cancer patients: an analysis of US-SEER population-based data. Ann Oncol. 2015;16(6):1263-8.
15-Madani H, Pourmemari MH, Moghimi M & et al. Hopelessness, Perceived Social Support and their Relationship in Iranian Patients with Cancer. Asia Pac J Oncol Nurs. 2018;5:314-9.
16-Alishahi M, Dehghan P, Naghibeiranvand M & et al. The relationship between social support and hope in cancer patients. Journal of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences. 2021;9(3):80-8.
17-Bassak Nejad S, Shakeri Nejad G, Moradi B & et al. Treatment and Predicting Life Expectancy for Women with Breast Cancer Based on Perception of the Disease, Perceived Social Support, and Coping Styles. Razi J Med Sci. 2022;29(2):28-38.
18-Chen WY, Wang S, Peng X & et al. Trait emotional intelligence and quality of life among breast cancer patients: The mediating role of fear of cancer recurrence. Int J Nurs Pract. 2022;28(4):1-9.
19-Baba MM. Navigating COVID-19 with emotional intelligence. IJSP. 2020;66(8):810-20.
20-Taghizadeh B, Masoompour A, Shrinabadi Farahani A & et al. Effectiveness of Emotional Intelligence Training on the Quality of Life of Mothers of Children with Leukemia. Support Palliat Care Cancer. 2017;1(1):22-7.
21-de Looff P, Nijman H, Didden R & et al. Burnout symptoms in forensic psychiatric nurses and their associations with personality, emotional intelligence and client aggression: A cross-sectional study. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 2018;25(8):506-16.
22-Higuchi Y, Inagaki M, Koyama T & et al. Emotional Intelligence and its Effect on Pharmacists and Pharmacy Students with Autistic-like Traits. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education. 2017;81(4):74.
23-Schutte NS, Malouff JM, Thorsteinsson EB & et al. A meta-analytic investigation of the relationship between emotional intelligence and health. Personality and Individual Differences. 2007;42(6):921-33.
24-Guerra-Bustamante J, León-del-Barco B, Yuste-Tosina R & et al. Emotional intelligence and psychological well-being in adolescents. International journal of environmental research and public health. 2019;16(10):1720.
25-Mirzaei S, Tame AI, Anbiaie R & et al. Emotional intelligence as a predictor of health-related quality of life in breast cancer Survivors. Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing. 2019;6(3):261-8.
26-Sadeghpour F, Heidarzadeh M, Naseri P & et al. The Relationship between Emotional Intelligence with Posttraumatic Growth in Hemodialysis Patients. JHC. 2019;21(1):7-15.
27-Schutte NS, Thorsteinsson EB, Hine DW & et al. Experiential and rational processing styles, emotional intelligence and wellbeing. Australian Journal of Psychology. 2010;62:14-9.
28-Schutte N, Malouff JM, Bhullar N. The Assessing Emotions Scale. 1 ed: Springer; 2009. p. 119-34.
29-Goracci A, Fagiolini A, Martinucci M & et al. Quality of life, anxiety and depression in sarcoidosis. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2008;30(5):441-5.
30-Saati M, NasiriZiba F, Haghani H. The correlation between emotional intelligence and self-esteem in patients with intestinal stoma: A descriptive-correlational study. Nurs Open. 2021;8(4):1769-77.
31-Snyder CR, Lopez SJ. Positive psychology: the scientific and practical explorations of human strengths. New York: Sage publication Inc; 2007.
32-Vakili Y, Ghanbari N, Nooripour R & et al. Validity of the Snyder's Adult Hope Scale (AHS) among Iranian Women with Breast Cancer. Arch Breast Cance. 2022;9(1):96-103.
33-Snyder CR, Harris C, Anderson JR & et al. The will and the ways: Development and validation of an individualdifferences measure of hope. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 1991;60(4):570–85.
34-Kermani Z, Khodapanahi M K, Heidari M. Psychometrics features of the snyder hope scale. J Appl Psychol. 2011;5(3):7-23.
35-Oyur Celik G. The relationship between patient satisfaction and emotional intelligence skills of nurses working in surgical clinics. Patient Prefer Adherence. 2017;11:1363-8.
36-Ghiabia B, Besharat MA. An investigation of the relationship between Personality dimensions and emotional intelligence. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences. 2011;30:416 – 20.
37-Tajik A, Bastani F, Mirlashari Z & et al. Investigating the relationship between emotional intelligence and stress in mothers with babies admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit: Tehran University of Medical Sciences; 2016.
38-Rahmanian A, Makaremnia S, Abdia T. Role of Emotional Intelligence in the Quality of Nursing Care in Nurses Working in Covid-19 Care Units. AJNMC. 2023;31(1):46-56.
39-Rostami S, Medipour- Rabori R, Bagherian B & et al. Study the Relationship between Spiritual intelligence with Self-Esteem and Life Expectancy in Cancer Patients Referring to the Oncology Department of Kerman University of Medical Sciences Hospitals. IJNR. 2022;17(4):37-46.
40-Naseri Garagoun S, Mousavi M, Shabahang R & et al. The Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Intervention on Resilience and Life Expectancy of Gastrointestinal Cancers Patients. IJPN. 2021;9(2):60-71.
41-Shareh H, Robati Z. Effect of Cognitive-Behavioral Group Therapy on Pain Self-efficacy, Fatigue, Life Expectancy and Depression in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology. 2020;26(2):418-31.
42-Khaleghipour S, Khorramabadi M. The Mediating Role of Positive Psychological Functioning in the Relationship between Moods, Extreme Compensation, and Emotional Repression and Resilience in Patients with Digestive Cancer: A Descriptive Study. Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences. 2023;22(5):437-58.
43-Afrozeh M, Heidarzadeh A, Moghadam-Ahmadi A & et al. The Effectiveness of Stress Control Training on the Quality of Life of Female Patients with Multiple Sclerosis. Community Health Journal. 2023;17(2):84-94.
44-Yari M, Rasouli MA, Rezagholi P. The Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Job Burnout and Quality of Life in Operating Room Nurses. Paramedical Sciences and Military Health. 2021;16(1):1-8.
45-Abdel-Khalek AM. Introduction to the psychology of self-esteem Self-esteem: Perspectives, influences, and improvement strategies. Nova Science. 2014:1-23.
46-Baudry AS, Anota A, Mariette C & et al. The role of trait emotional intelligence in quality of life, anxiety and depression symptoms after surgery for esophageal or gastric cancer: A French national database FREGAT. Psycho-Oncology. 2019;28(4):799–806.
47-Ruiz‐González P, Guil R. Experiencing anxiety in breast cancer survival: Does perceived emotional intelligence matter? Psycho‐Oncology. 2023;32:972–9.
48-Kaschub M. Defining emotional intelligence in music education. Arts Education Policy Review. 2002;103(5):9-15.
49-Mirzaei J, Babaei R, Alizadegan MI & et al. Investigation of the effectiveness of emotional intelligence training on the general health and self-esteem in adolescents with cerebral palsy. Journal of Exceptional Children Empowerment. 2017;8(22):37–49.
50-Durosini I, Triberti S, Savioni L & et al. The role of emotion‐related abilities in the quality of life of breast cancer survivors: a systematic review. IJERPH. 2022;19:1‐25.
51-Doyle NA, Davis RE, Quadri SSA & et al. Associations between stress, anxiety, depression, and emotional intelligence among osteopathic medical students. 2021;121(2):125-33.
52-Karimi L, Leggat SG, Bartram T & et al. Emotional intelligence: predictor of employees’ wellbeing, quality of patient care, and psychological empowermen. BMC Psychol. 2021;9(1):1‐7.
53-Parker JDA, Bagby RM, Taylor G.J. Alexithemia and depression: Distinct or over lapping construct? Compr psychiatry. 1991:32387-394.
54-Ahoie KH, Faramarzi M, Hassanzadeh R. Psychological Well-Being of Patients with Breast Cancer and Its Relationship with Emotional Intelligence. J Babol Univ Med Sci. 2017;19(8):20-7.
55-Martins A, Ramalho N, Morin E. A comprehensive meta-analysis of the relationship between emotional intelligence and health. Personality and individual differences. 2010;49(6):554-64.
56-Sharifi M. Relationship between Fear of recurrence and psychologycal well-being in women with breast cancer: the predictive role of casual cancer attributions. Nursing and Midwifery Jouranl. 2021;19(6):496-506.
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Type of Study: Research |
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Received: 2024/01/6 | Accepted: 2024/04/27 | Published: 2024/04/27
Received: 2024/01/6 | Accepted: 2024/04/27 | Published: 2024/04/27
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