Volume 20, Issue 5 (12-2021)
TB 2021, 20(5): 1-14 |
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Kolagari S, Yazdi K, Sabzi Z, Vakili M A. Specific Questionnaire in Assessing Occupational Burnout among Nurses. TB 2021; 20 (5) :1-14
URL: http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-3229-en.html
URL: http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-3229-en.html
Nursing Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Scienses, Gorgan, Iran. , yazdi@goums.ac.ir
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Specific Questionnaire in Assessing Occupational Burnout among Nurses
Shohreh Kolagari(Ph.D.)1, Khadijeh Yazdi(Ph.D)2, Zahra Sabzi(Ph.D.)3, Mohammd Ali Vakili(Ph.D.)4
1. Associate Professor, Nursing Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Scienses, Gorgan, Iran.
2. Corresponding Author: Assistant Professor, Nursing Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Scienses, Gorgan, Iran. Email: yazdi@goums.ac.ir Tel:09111752641
3. Assistant Professor, Nursing Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Scienses, Gorgan, Iran.
4. Associate Professor, School of Health, Golestan University of Medical Scienses, Gorgan, Iran.
Abstract
Introduction: Job burnout among nurses is a global concern caused by frequent and round-the-clock encounters with stressful situations. This study aimed to specify the status of using a specific questionnaire in assessing the occupational burnout among the nurses.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study conducted on 637 Iranian nurses in 2019. The cluster sampling method was used to collect data. The data collection tool was a specific nursing burnout questionnaire. The frequency, mean, and standard deviation were assessed using SPSS- 16, and after proving abnormality with inferential tests such as Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-wallis tests, data were analyzed.
Results: Most of the nurses participating in this study (85.4%) were female. The mean age and work experience of participants were 33.29±7.07 and 8.14±7.46 years, respectively. The mean score of job burnout among the participants was 123.60±18.20. The highest mean was related to the consequences (40.74±10.01) and organizational antecedents (32.76±4.38), whereas the lowest mean was related to the individual’s toughness (21.08±2.74). Regarding demographic variables, marital and employment status, the number of children, and working shifts had a significant relationship with job burnout (p<0.05).
Conclusions: The results of this study indicated that the mean of burnout among nurses was moderate, and most of the subscales related to burnout were seen under the subscales of consequences and organizational antecedents. Therefore, it is essential that nursing managers identify the causes of burnout and consider plans and workshops to reduce and eliminate the causes of burnout, and maintain the safety and physical and mental health of nurses.
Keywords: Job Burnout, Nurse, Specific Questionnaire, Challenge
Conflict of interest: The authors declared that there is no conflict of interest.
References
1-Salehi Asl MA, Abdollah Zargar Sh, Fesharaki M. Evaluation of the relationship between cultural competence and job burnout of nurses. Journal of Advanced Pharmacy Education & Research. 2019;9(2):157-62.
2-Chamberlain SA, Gruneir A, Hoben M, Squires JE, Cummings GG, Estabrooks CA. Influence of organizational context on nursing home staff burnout: A cross-sectional survey of care aides in Western Canada. Int J Nurs Stud.2017;71:60-9.
3-Abdul Rahman H, Abdul-Mumin K, Naing L. Psychosocial Work Stressors, Work Fatigue, and Musculoskeletal Disorders: Comparison between Emergency and Critical Care Nurses in Brunei Public Hospitals. Asian Nursing Research.2017;11(1):13-8.
4-Jafari Iraqi I, Mahmoudi H, Sirati Nir M, Ebadi A. Burnout in military hospital nurses in 2015 -A cross-sectional study. Journal of Military Medicine.2016;18(3):262-70.
5-Sousa Nogueira Ld, Sousa RMC, Sousa Guedes Ed, Santos et al. Burnout and nursing work environment in public health institutions. Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem.2018;71:336-42.
6-Phillips C. Relationships between workload perception, burnout, and intent to leave among medical-surgical nurses. Int J Evid Based Healthc.2020;18(2):265-73.
7- Alidosti M, Babaei Heydarabadi A, Baboli Z, Nazarbigi H , Mobasheri M. Association between job burnout and noise pollution among nurses in Behbahan City, Iran. Journal of Fundamentals of Mental Health.2016;18(2):103-8.
8-Bruschini M, Carli A, Burla F. Burnout and work-related stress in Italian rehabilitation professionals: A comparison of physiotherapists, speech therapists and occupational therapists. Work.2018;59:121-9.
9- Moreno-Jimenez B, Mayo M, Sanz-Vergel AI, Geurts S, Rodríguez-Munoz A, Garrosa E. Effects of work-family conflict on employees well-being: the moderating role of recovery strategies. J Occup Health Psychol. 2009;14(4):427-40.
10- Jones B. Fifteen minutes may decrease nursing burnout: A discussion paper. International Journal of Nursing Sciences. 2020;7(1):121-3.
11- Galiana L, Arena F, Oliver A, Sanso N, Benito E. Compassion Satisfaction, Compassion Fatigue, and Burnout in Spain and Brazil: ProQOL Validation and Cross-cultural Diagnosis. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2017;53(3):598-604.
12- Nomali M, Hedayatizadeh-Omran A, Khoddam H, Modanloo M. Researchable Clinical Problems from the Viewpoint of Healthcare Providers: A Qualitative Study. Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. 2019;29(174):148-58.
13- Parang H, Mahmoodi-Shan G, Modanloo M, Behnampour N. Effects of Pilates Exercises on Professional Self-concept in Nurses Working in Intensive Care Units and Emergency Departments. Iranian journal of nursing and midwifery research. 2020;25(2):175-80.
14- Lahana E, Papadopoulou K, Roumeliotou O, Tsounis A, Sarafis P, Niakas D. Burnout among nurses working in social welfare centers for the disabled. BMC Nursing. 2017;16(1):15.
15- Garrosa E, Rainho C, Moreno-Jiménez B, Monteiro MJ. The relationship between job stressors, hardy personality, coping resources and burnout in a sample of nurses: a correlational study at two time points. Int J Nurs Stud. 2010;47(2):205-15.
16- Sabokro M, Allahyari M, Ebrahimzadehpezeshki R. Job burnout in nurses and its impact on their negligence. Nursing and Midwifery Journal. 2017;15(2):86-94.
17- Newman C, Jackson J, Macleod S, Eason M. A Survey of Stress and Burnout in Forensic Mental Health Nursing. J Forensic Nurs. 2020.
18- Sadeghi M, Radmehr P, Shahbazirad A. The role of moral distress and job burnout in the prediction of turnover intervention among nurses. Nursing and Midwifery Journal. 2017;14(10):867-74.
19- Farhadi A, Movahedi Y, Nalchi M, Daraei M, Mohammadzadegan R. The Relationship between Work-family Conflict, Burnout Dimensions and Intention to Leave among Female Nurses. Iran Journal of Nursing. 2013;26(84):34-43.
20- Rafii F, Shamsikhani S, Zarei M, Haghani M, Shamsikhani S. Burnout and its Relationship with the Nurses’ Characteristics. Iran Journal of Nursing. 2012;25(78):23-33.
21- Somerson JS, Patton A, Ahmed AA, Ramey S, Holliday EB. Burnout Among United States Orthopaedic Surgery Residents. J Surg Educ. 2020;77(4):961-8.
22- Sarabi RE, Javanmard R, Shahrbabaki PM. Study of burnout syndrome, job satisfaction and related factors among health care workers in rural areas of Southeastern Iran. AIMS Public Health. 2020;7(1):158-68.
23-Jarrad RA, Hammad S. Oncology nurses compassion fatigue, burn out and compassion satisfaction. Annals of general psychiatry. 2020;19:22.
24-Roghanizad N, Vatanpoor M, Seddigh Oraee SN, Sharifi V, Abbasi M. Prevalence of Burnout Syndrome and Its Three Dimensions in Dental Faculty Members of Azad Dental University in 2008. The Journal of Islamic Dental Association of IRAN (JIDA). 2013;25(1):45-52.
25-Moghaddasi J, Mehralian H, Aslani Y, Masoodi R, Amiri M. Burnout among nurses working in medical and educational centers in Shahrekord, Iran. Iranian journal of nursing and midwifery research. 2013;18(4):294-7.
26- Ambani Z, Kutney-Lee A, Lake ET. The nursing practice environment and nurse job outcomes: A path analysis of survey data. Journal of Clinical Nursing.2020;29(13-14):2602-14.
27-Vincent-Hoper S, Stein M. Workplace Aggression and Burnout in Nursing-The Moderating Role of Follow-Up Counseling. 2020;17(9).
28- Van Bogaert P, Peremans L, Van Heusden D, Verspuy M, et al. Predictors of burnout, work engagement and nurse reported job outcomes and quality of care: a mixed method study. BMC Nursing.2017;16(1):5.
29- Labrague LJ, De los Santos JAA, Falguera CC, et al. Predictors of nurses’ turnover intention at one and five years’ time. International Nursing Review.2020;67(2):191-8.
30- Aiken LH, Sloane D, Griffiths P, et al. Nursing skill mix in European hospitals: cross-sectional study of the association with mortality, patient ratings, and quality of care. BMJ Quality &Amp; Safety. 2017;26(7):559-68.
31-Portero de la Cruz S, Cebrino J, Herruzo J, Vaquero-Abellán M. A Multicenter Study into Burnout, Perceived Stress, Job Satisfaction, Coping Strategies, and General Health among Emergency Department Nursing Staff. Journal of clinical medicine. 2020;9(4):1007.
32- Zeighami Sh, Mohammadi MS. Asgharzadeh Haghighi BS. Relation between Job Stress and Burnout among Nursing Staff. Avicenna Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Care. 2011;19(2):42-52.
33-Borhani F, Abbaszadeh A, Nakhaee N, Roshanzadeh M. The relationship between moral distress, professional stress, and intent to stay in the nursing profession. Journal of medical ethics and history of medicine. 2014;7:3.
34-Kerlin MP, McPeake J, Mikkelsen ME. Burnout and Joy in the Profession of Critical Care Medicine. Critical Care.2020;24(1):98.
35-Bogossian F, Winters-Chang P, Tuckett A. "The pure hard slog that nursing is . . .": a qualitative analysis of nursing work. J Nurs Scholarsh. 2014;46(5):377-88.
36- Sugawara N, Danjo K, Furukori H, Sato Y, Tomita T, Fujii A, et al. Work-family conflict as a mediator between occupational stress and psychological health among mental health nurses in Japan. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2017;13:779-84.
37- Chou LP, Li CY, Hu S. Job stress and burnout in hospital employees: comparisons of different medical professions in a regional hospital in Taiwan. BMJ Open. 2014;4(2):e004185.
Shohreh Kolagari(Ph.D.)1, Khadijeh Yazdi(Ph.D)2, Zahra Sabzi(Ph.D.)3, Mohammd Ali Vakili(Ph.D.)4
1. Associate Professor, Nursing Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Scienses, Gorgan, Iran.
2. Corresponding Author: Assistant Professor, Nursing Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Scienses, Gorgan, Iran. Email: yazdi@goums.ac.ir Tel:09111752641
3. Assistant Professor, Nursing Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Scienses, Gorgan, Iran.
4. Associate Professor, School of Health, Golestan University of Medical Scienses, Gorgan, Iran.
Abstract
Introduction: Job burnout among nurses is a global concern caused by frequent and round-the-clock encounters with stressful situations. This study aimed to specify the status of using a specific questionnaire in assessing the occupational burnout among the nurses.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study conducted on 637 Iranian nurses in 2019. The cluster sampling method was used to collect data. The data collection tool was a specific nursing burnout questionnaire. The frequency, mean, and standard deviation were assessed using SPSS- 16, and after proving abnormality with inferential tests such as Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-wallis tests, data were analyzed.
Results: Most of the nurses participating in this study (85.4%) were female. The mean age and work experience of participants were 33.29±7.07 and 8.14±7.46 years, respectively. The mean score of job burnout among the participants was 123.60±18.20. The highest mean was related to the consequences (40.74±10.01) and organizational antecedents (32.76±4.38), whereas the lowest mean was related to the individual’s toughness (21.08±2.74). Regarding demographic variables, marital and employment status, the number of children, and working shifts had a significant relationship with job burnout (p<0.05).
Conclusions: The results of this study indicated that the mean of burnout among nurses was moderate, and most of the subscales related to burnout were seen under the subscales of consequences and organizational antecedents. Therefore, it is essential that nursing managers identify the causes of burnout and consider plans and workshops to reduce and eliminate the causes of burnout, and maintain the safety and physical and mental health of nurses.
Keywords: Job Burnout, Nurse, Specific Questionnaire, Challenge
Conflict of interest: The authors declared that there is no conflict of interest.
References
1-Salehi Asl MA, Abdollah Zargar Sh, Fesharaki M. Evaluation of the relationship between cultural competence and job burnout of nurses. Journal of Advanced Pharmacy Education & Research. 2019;9(2):157-62.
2-Chamberlain SA, Gruneir A, Hoben M, Squires JE, Cummings GG, Estabrooks CA. Influence of organizational context on nursing home staff burnout: A cross-sectional survey of care aides in Western Canada. Int J Nurs Stud.2017;71:60-9.
3-Abdul Rahman H, Abdul-Mumin K, Naing L. Psychosocial Work Stressors, Work Fatigue, and Musculoskeletal Disorders: Comparison between Emergency and Critical Care Nurses in Brunei Public Hospitals. Asian Nursing Research.2017;11(1):13-8.
4-Jafari Iraqi I, Mahmoudi H, Sirati Nir M, Ebadi A. Burnout in military hospital nurses in 2015 -A cross-sectional study. Journal of Military Medicine.2016;18(3):262-70.
5-Sousa Nogueira Ld, Sousa RMC, Sousa Guedes Ed, Santos et al. Burnout and nursing work environment in public health institutions. Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem.2018;71:336-42.
6-Phillips C. Relationships between workload perception, burnout, and intent to leave among medical-surgical nurses. Int J Evid Based Healthc.2020;18(2):265-73.
7- Alidosti M, Babaei Heydarabadi A, Baboli Z, Nazarbigi H , Mobasheri M. Association between job burnout and noise pollution among nurses in Behbahan City, Iran. Journal of Fundamentals of Mental Health.2016;18(2):103-8.
8-Bruschini M, Carli A, Burla F. Burnout and work-related stress in Italian rehabilitation professionals: A comparison of physiotherapists, speech therapists and occupational therapists. Work.2018;59:121-9.
9- Moreno-Jimenez B, Mayo M, Sanz-Vergel AI, Geurts S, Rodríguez-Munoz A, Garrosa E. Effects of work-family conflict on employees well-being: the moderating role of recovery strategies. J Occup Health Psychol. 2009;14(4):427-40.
10- Jones B. Fifteen minutes may decrease nursing burnout: A discussion paper. International Journal of Nursing Sciences. 2020;7(1):121-3.
11- Galiana L, Arena F, Oliver A, Sanso N, Benito E. Compassion Satisfaction, Compassion Fatigue, and Burnout in Spain and Brazil: ProQOL Validation and Cross-cultural Diagnosis. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2017;53(3):598-604.
12- Nomali M, Hedayatizadeh-Omran A, Khoddam H, Modanloo M. Researchable Clinical Problems from the Viewpoint of Healthcare Providers: A Qualitative Study. Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. 2019;29(174):148-58.
13- Parang H, Mahmoodi-Shan G, Modanloo M, Behnampour N. Effects of Pilates Exercises on Professional Self-concept in Nurses Working in Intensive Care Units and Emergency Departments. Iranian journal of nursing and midwifery research. 2020;25(2):175-80.
14- Lahana E, Papadopoulou K, Roumeliotou O, Tsounis A, Sarafis P, Niakas D. Burnout among nurses working in social welfare centers for the disabled. BMC Nursing. 2017;16(1):15.
15- Garrosa E, Rainho C, Moreno-Jiménez B, Monteiro MJ. The relationship between job stressors, hardy personality, coping resources and burnout in a sample of nurses: a correlational study at two time points. Int J Nurs Stud. 2010;47(2):205-15.
16- Sabokro M, Allahyari M, Ebrahimzadehpezeshki R. Job burnout in nurses and its impact on their negligence. Nursing and Midwifery Journal. 2017;15(2):86-94.
17- Newman C, Jackson J, Macleod S, Eason M. A Survey of Stress and Burnout in Forensic Mental Health Nursing. J Forensic Nurs. 2020.
18- Sadeghi M, Radmehr P, Shahbazirad A. The role of moral distress and job burnout in the prediction of turnover intervention among nurses. Nursing and Midwifery Journal. 2017;14(10):867-74.
19- Farhadi A, Movahedi Y, Nalchi M, Daraei M, Mohammadzadegan R. The Relationship between Work-family Conflict, Burnout Dimensions and Intention to Leave among Female Nurses. Iran Journal of Nursing. 2013;26(84):34-43.
20- Rafii F, Shamsikhani S, Zarei M, Haghani M, Shamsikhani S. Burnout and its Relationship with the Nurses’ Characteristics. Iran Journal of Nursing. 2012;25(78):23-33.
21- Somerson JS, Patton A, Ahmed AA, Ramey S, Holliday EB. Burnout Among United States Orthopaedic Surgery Residents. J Surg Educ. 2020;77(4):961-8.
22- Sarabi RE, Javanmard R, Shahrbabaki PM. Study of burnout syndrome, job satisfaction and related factors among health care workers in rural areas of Southeastern Iran. AIMS Public Health. 2020;7(1):158-68.
23-Jarrad RA, Hammad S. Oncology nurses compassion fatigue, burn out and compassion satisfaction. Annals of general psychiatry. 2020;19:22.
24-Roghanizad N, Vatanpoor M, Seddigh Oraee SN, Sharifi V, Abbasi M. Prevalence of Burnout Syndrome and Its Three Dimensions in Dental Faculty Members of Azad Dental University in 2008. The Journal of Islamic Dental Association of IRAN (JIDA). 2013;25(1):45-52.
25-Moghaddasi J, Mehralian H, Aslani Y, Masoodi R, Amiri M. Burnout among nurses working in medical and educational centers in Shahrekord, Iran. Iranian journal of nursing and midwifery research. 2013;18(4):294-7.
26- Ambani Z, Kutney-Lee A, Lake ET. The nursing practice environment and nurse job outcomes: A path analysis of survey data. Journal of Clinical Nursing.2020;29(13-14):2602-14.
27-Vincent-Hoper S, Stein M. Workplace Aggression and Burnout in Nursing-The Moderating Role of Follow-Up Counseling. 2020;17(9).
28- Van Bogaert P, Peremans L, Van Heusden D, Verspuy M, et al. Predictors of burnout, work engagement and nurse reported job outcomes and quality of care: a mixed method study. BMC Nursing.2017;16(1):5.
29- Labrague LJ, De los Santos JAA, Falguera CC, et al. Predictors of nurses’ turnover intention at one and five years’ time. International Nursing Review.2020;67(2):191-8.
30- Aiken LH, Sloane D, Griffiths P, et al. Nursing skill mix in European hospitals: cross-sectional study of the association with mortality, patient ratings, and quality of care. BMJ Quality &Amp; Safety. 2017;26(7):559-68.
31-Portero de la Cruz S, Cebrino J, Herruzo J, Vaquero-Abellán M. A Multicenter Study into Burnout, Perceived Stress, Job Satisfaction, Coping Strategies, and General Health among Emergency Department Nursing Staff. Journal of clinical medicine. 2020;9(4):1007.
32- Zeighami Sh, Mohammadi MS. Asgharzadeh Haghighi BS. Relation between Job Stress and Burnout among Nursing Staff. Avicenna Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Care. 2011;19(2):42-52.
33-Borhani F, Abbaszadeh A, Nakhaee N, Roshanzadeh M. The relationship between moral distress, professional stress, and intent to stay in the nursing profession. Journal of medical ethics and history of medicine. 2014;7:3.
34-Kerlin MP, McPeake J, Mikkelsen ME. Burnout and Joy in the Profession of Critical Care Medicine. Critical Care.2020;24(1):98.
35-Bogossian F, Winters-Chang P, Tuckett A. "The pure hard slog that nursing is . . .": a qualitative analysis of nursing work. J Nurs Scholarsh. 2014;46(5):377-88.
36- Sugawara N, Danjo K, Furukori H, Sato Y, Tomita T, Fujii A, et al. Work-family conflict as a mediator between occupational stress and psychological health among mental health nurses in Japan. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2017;13:779-84.
37- Chou LP, Li CY, Hu S. Job stress and burnout in hospital employees: comparisons of different medical professions in a regional hospital in Taiwan. BMJ Open. 2014;4(2):e004185.
Type of Study: Research |
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Received: 2021/07/4 | Accepted: 2021/10/20 | Published: 2021/12/31
Received: 2021/07/4 | Accepted: 2021/10/20 | Published: 2021/12/31
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