The Journal of

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Introduction: Toxoplasmosis, caused by a protozoan called" Toxoplasma gondii", is one of the most common parasitic infections in humans and animals throughout the world. Toxoplasma infection in pregnant women, especially at the first trimester of pregnancy, may lead to miscarriage or birth complications in the nervous system and ocular complications. Conducting such studies can provide practical approaches for the treatment and prevention of these complications. Methods:This is a cross-sectional study. To determine the levels of specific antibodies against Toxoplasmosis gondii, 181 serum samples were collected from pregnant women who had referred to the health center clinics of Yazd for pregnancy examinations. Sera were tested for anti-Toxoplasmosis IgG antibody by ELISA method. Data were then analyzed using χ2 test, t-test and Fisher exact test. Results: This study showed that a total of 58 samples (32%) were seropositive for anti-Toxoplasmosis IgG antibodies. A significantrelationship was found between the titers of IgG and age (P <0.05). Also a significant relationship was observed between IgG antibody titers and educational level (P <0.05). There was, however, no significant relationship between the positive antibody titers and other variables. Conclusion:Most pregnant women do not have immunity against Toxoplasmosis in Yazd. These women are at the risk of acquired toxoplasmosis in their pregnancy period. Therefore Toxoplasma serological surveillance during pregnancy as well as provision of the necessary training to enhance prevention of congenital toxoplasmosis seems to be urgent.

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Introduction: Urinary tract infection is considered as one of the most common complications of pregnancy, which can be avoided via adopting preventive behaviors. Hence, the present study aimed to investigate determinants of preventive behaviors of urinary tract infection in pregnant women based on the constructs of Health Belief Model in Yazd.

Methods: This descriptive cross- sectional study was conducted on 160 pregnant women referred to health centers of Yazd, suffering from urinary tract infection, who were selected via purposive sampling method. In order to glean the study data, a questionnaire based on the Health Belief Model construct was applid and then the study data were analyzed using SPSS Software (ver.18) via frequency tables and t-test.

Results: Among the pregnant women, 63.1% (101 patients) demonstrated average score of knowledge and 36.9% (59 patients) had good knowledge. Regarding the constructs of Health Belief Model, 73.1% (117) had good score of perceived barriers, 95% (152) demonstraded good perceived benefits, 95% (152) reported good perceived susceptibility, and 81.3% (130) scored a good level of perceived severity. Moreover, a significant correlation was observed between the total score of knowledge and attitude (p=0.02), though the correlation between the behavior and knowledge (p=0.08) as well as attitude and behavior (p=0.09) were not proved to be significant.

Conclusions: According to the results, further structural intervention needs to focus on perceived barriers in order to prevent the urinary tract infections. Furthermore, behaviors related to eating and hygiene habits should be considered further and the importance of family, wife and the media involvement seem to be essential in designing the training programs.

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Introduction: anemia is an important issue among pregnant women that iead to preterm delivery. Low birlt weight or stillbirth this study aimed to assess the prewvalence  of anemia in pregnant women who get iron during the first three months and the third three months  of the pregnancy and the method  and iron supplementation iron in winter 2011.

Methods: this cross sectional descriptive analysis study was conducted on 393 pregnant women referring to health centers of  ardakan city by easy sample method.

In this study for collecting data a research- based questionnaire contains 11 questions in 7 items is designed- subjects filled. Out this questionnaire in two spans of the first  and the third threemonths of pregnancy and finely data was analysed.

By using descriptive statistics and qz at the significance level of p<0.01.

Results: the results of this study showed that the prevalence of anemia in the first three months and the third three months of pregnancy was 11.34 and 12.33 respectively that indicoted the increasing trend of anemia in third three months of pregnancy.

This study did not show and significant relalionship between anemia and some factors like education pregnancy grade. The kind of iron tablet. Consumption of other food along with iron tablets time of gething iron tablet and profession of women.

Conclusion: based on the results of this study iron and consumption of other food along with iron supplement was significant based or qz test.

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Introduction:Regarding special physiological conditions of pregnant women, training the rules of oral and dental care are required to be more emphasized. Most of health problems are associated with human behavior and, therefore, the theories of behavior can help with prevention of oral and dental health problems. The present study was conducted to determine predictors of oral and dental care in pregnant women based on the theory of planned behavior.
Material: This was a descriptive correlational study in which 208 pregnant women referring to four health centers in the city of Yazd were selected using multistage random sampling. The questionnaire was designed according to the theory of planned behavior which consisted of demographic and background information, theoretical questions, and oral and dental health status. It was completed through interview while the validity was confirmed by the expert opinions and the reliability by Cronbach's alpha of 0.83-0.64.
Results: 59.1% of the studied women brush their teeth once a day and only 30.8% used dental floss daily. The average number of healthy teeth of the pregnant women was 23.56 ± 7.65. Attitude toward behavior, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control predicted 66% of behavioral intension. Health behavior predicted 12% of the changes of oral and dental health condition. Perceived behavioral control was the strongest predictor of behavioral intention.
Conclusion: Concentrating on perceived behavioral control, the theory of planned behavior could result in optimum behaviors of oral and dental health. This model can be used as an appropriate model in promoting oral and dental health status.
 

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Introduction: Congenital anomalies are one of the important causes of disability and infant mortality. These abnormalities occur during egg fertilization or embryonic development, which can be detected by laboratory methods. The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of congenital anomalies in Rafsanjan City.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 4868 infants born in Rafsanjan city in 2018. Data collection tool was a questionnaire including information about mothers and infants. The questionnaire was completed using health records available in health centers of Rafsanjan city. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20 and independent t-test and Chi-square.
Results: The results showed that the overall prevalence of congenital anomalies in Rafsanjan was 5/38 per 1000 live births. Out of 4868 pregnant women, 474 (9/7%), had abortions or stillbirths before the second trimester, and 12 (0/2%) had therapeutic abortions. After analyzing these anomalies, three cases of Down syndrome (trisomy 21), three cases of Edward syndrome (trisomy 18), one case of aneuploidy, and two cases of microcephaly were found, and the rest had one of the structural abnormalities..
Conclusion: The results of this study indicated a high rate of congenital anomalies in Rafsanjan. Therefore, further studies are recommended to better understand the causes and prevent these anomalies.