The Journal of

---

Introduction:Risk of occupational accidents in construction industry and sites is very high and dangerous. The establishment of an effective and efficient risk management system is an important step in prevention of construction accidents. The purpose of this study was to analyze the HSE risk management systems in large construction sites and their association with the occupational accidents.

Methods: This study was an analytical cross-sectional review that analysis the risk management system and its relation to the accidents of 88-92 years that has been occurred in the construction large sites. Study data includes information about the all HSE risk management systems and human accidents that occurred within 5 years in the various construction sites. Data collection was performed according to the accident report form in construction sites. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 16. The level of significance in this study was considered as p=0.05.

Results: The mean accident severity rate (ASR) was 1.51×10³±1.05×10⁴. The results showed that,risk management system has been established in 18.4% of the studied sites, and the share of the risk management system components and indicators including hazard identification, periodic risk assessment and the implementation of control procedures which was estimated  16.4%, 16.6% and 10.2% respectively.In addition, all indicators of risk management were significantly associated with ASR (p<0.05).

Conclusion:ASR Regression analysis based on the risk management Indicators,  showed that demographic and job parameters such as work experience and career type, as well as, risk management indicators such as the risk management system establishment,HAZID, periodic risk assessment, HSE training and Housekeeping have been significant associated with accidents consequence severity in the construction industry.

---

Introduction: With regard to high prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in the construction industry workers, the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and their relevant risk factors in workers of a construction factory.
Methods: This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019. In this regard, 150 workers were selected from a construction factory located in Tehran City, Iran. The census sampling method was applied in the area under study. The data gathering tool were Cornell questionnaire and WERA ergonomic risk assessment method. The questionnaires were completed while the workers' postures were assessed in their work stations. Data were analyzed applying suitable descriptive and analytical tests in SPSS software version 22.
Results: The analysis of questionnaires showed that the workers' lower back had the highest average score of pain. The wrist, knee, and shoulder had the highest pain average scores, respectively. The result of ergonomic assessment by WERA method indicated that the lower back had the highest risk score. Similarly, WERA assessment score was significantly related to the type of job (p-value < 0.001). Among the understudy occupations, masonry, concrete testing, and welding had the highest risk scores, respectively.
Conclusion: The most ergonomic risk factors in activities of the extensive occupational groups are associated with multiple occupational tasks that endanger workers for serious risk factors in the lumbar and knee areas. Therefore, implementation of ergonomic interventions is necessary for improving the working conditions of construction occupations.