Volume 23, Issue 6 (2-2025)
TB 2025, 23(6): 92-108 |
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Ethics code: IR.IAU.KHUISF.REC.1402.200
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khayatan F, hadian S, golparvar M. Comparing Effectiveness of Emotional Schema Therapy, Forgiveness -Based Compassion Therapy and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy on Affective Capital in Women of Victim of Domestic Violence. TB 2025; 23 (6) :92-108
URL: http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-3704-en.html
URL: http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-3704-en.html
Azad unevercity , hadsafoura641@gmail.com
Keywords: Affective Capital, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Domestic Violence, Forgiveness-Oriented Compassion Therapy
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Comparing Effectiveness of Emotional Schema Therapy, Forgiveness -Based Compassion Therapy and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy on Affective Capital in Women of Victim of Domestic Violence
Safoura hadian(Ph.D.s)1, Felor Khayatan(Ph.D.)2, Mohsen Golparvar(Ph.D.)3
1.PhD Student of Psychology Department of Psychology, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.
2.Corresponding Author: Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Isfahan(Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran. Email:f.khayatan@yahoo.com Tel: 03135002314
3.Professor of Psychology, Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Assessment & Research Applied Psychology, Isfahan, Iran.
Abstract
Introduction: Domestic violence refers to violence that occurs in the private environment of the family, and generally occurs between people who are tied together by intimacy and blood or legal relationship. The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of emotional therapy schema, forgiveness-oriented compassion therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy on affective capital of women victims of domestic violence.
Method: This semi -experimental study was conducted using a pre-test and post-test with a control group and a 45 day follow-up. The statistical population included women victims of domestic violence referring to health centers in Falavarjan in the summer of 2023, of which 60 people were selected purposively and randomly assigned to three experimental groups and one control group (15 people). The experimental groups received emotional schema therapy, compassion therapy based on forgiveness, and cognitive behavioral therapy. Data were collected using the Affective Capital (Golparvar, 2016) Questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc tests, utilizing SPSS software version 23.
Rusults: The results indicated the effectiveness of all three interventions on increasing affective capital and its dimensions in women victims of domestic violence. The effects of all three treatments remained in the follow-up phase as well (p<0/01); However, no significant difference was observed between the effectiveness of the mentioned treatment methods in this field (p<0/05).
Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that all three approaches, schema of emotional therapy, forgiveness-based compassion therapy, and cognitive behavioral therapy significantly affected affective capital in women who are victims of domestic violence and can be utilized by therapists.
Keywords: Affective Capital, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Domestic Violence, Forgiveness-Oriented Compassion Therapy
Conflict of interest: The authors declared no conflict of interest.
References
1-Mundodan JM, Lamiya K, Haveri SP. Prevalence of spousal violence among married women in a rural area in North Kerala. Journal of family medicine and primary care. 2021;10(8):2845.
2-Giesbrecht C J, Edmonds T F & Bruer, K C. A survey of intimate partner violence intervention pograms in saskatchewan, canada. Canadian Psychology / Psychologie canadienne. 2023; 64(2), 93–106.
3-Caponnetto P, Lenzo V, Sardella A & et al. Breaking the Silence: Exploring Peritraumatic Distress and Negative Emotions in Male and Female Physical Domestic Violence Victims. Health Psychology Research. 2024;12.
4-Avnaim S, Murphy CM & Miles-McLean HM. How do women in treatment for intimate partner violence perpetration perceive their abusive behavior? Psychology of Violence.2022: 12(5), 324–332.
5-Mostafa V, Mirzapour H, Falahzadeh H, Hamidi O. The mediating role of self-differentiation in the relationship between codependency and emotional abuse in married female students. Journal of Women and Family Studies. 2020; 1(9), 59-84. [Persian]
6-Kashani Zadeh M, Golparvar M, Sajadian I. Comparing the effectiveness of emotional capital training with life skills training on emotional adjustment of 4-6 yearold children. Journal of Pediatric Nursing. 2022; 9(4). 86-96. [Persian]
7-Golparvar M. Emotional capital: functions and necessities. Jangal Publications, Tehran, 2016. [Persian]
8-Ghadirzadeh Khorasghani, E, Golparvar M. Mediating Role of Affective Capital and Sources of Conflict Resolution Efficacy in the Relationship between Affective-Collective Investment and Conflict Resolution Efficacy. Contemporary Psychology.2020; 15(1), 41-52. [Persian]
9-Arntz A & Jacob G. Schema therapy in practice: An introductory guide to the schema mode approach. John Wiley & Sons. 2021.
10-Nayebi H. In Translation Surveys in Social Research. Davaws DA. 3rd ed . Tehran : Ney publication;2003:210-17.
11-Zirak H, Azadi R. In Translation of Emotional Schema Therapy. Leahy R. 2rd ed. Tehran: Arjmand Publications; 2023: 145-203.
11- Chan E, & Tan H. J. Positive psychology couple schema therapy: A new model of couple therapy focusing on reigniting couple attraction via schema therapy and positive psychology. Journal for ReAttach Therapy and Developmental Diversities. 2020; 2(2), 61–69.
12-Gilbert P. The evolved functions of caring connections as a basis for compassion. In: Compassion focused therapy clinical practice and applications. Abingdon: Routledge. 2022; 90-121.
13-Hadian S, Jabal Ameli Sh. The effectiveness of compassion-focused therapy (CFT) on the mental well-being of students with sleep disorders. Daneshvar Pezki.2019; 27(140). 19-28. [Persian]
14-Faryabi Z, Khayatan F, Menshei Gh R. The effect of forgiveness-oriented compassion therapy package training and forgiveness therapy on anger management, marital adjustment and love frequency in women with marital conflicts. Tolooebehdasht. 2019; 19 (6). 77-94. [Persian]
15-Kiai-Rad H, Pasha R, Asgari P, and Maivandi B. Comparing the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy and therapeutic planning on extramarital affairs and domestic violence in women with emotional divorce. Journal of Psychological Sciences.2021; 19(96), 1667-1681. [Persian]
16-Siahkhani S, Saadi Arani S, Naderian F & et al. Predicting suicidal tendencies and psychological distress based on domestic violence in women, Quarterly Journal of Assessment and Research in Counseling and Psychology. 2022; 3(2) 8. [Persian]
17-Haj Yahya, M. The consequences of spousal abuse and battering for self-esteem, depression, and anxiety as revealed by the second Palestinian national survey on violence against women. Journal of Family Issues,2000; 21 (4), 435-463.
18-Delavar, V. Research Methodology in Psychology and Educational Sciences. 4rd ed. Tehran: Editorial Publishing. 2024; 125-220.
19-Shaban Nejad A. Comparing the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy on depression and negative emotions in divorced women. Quarterly Journal of Applied Family Therapy. 2021; 3(5). 631-645. [Persian]
20-Sharifi F. Aghajani T, Ansari Nejad N & et al. The effectiveness of integrated schema and mindfulness therapy on mental health and happiness of married women. Quarterly Journal of Applied Family Therapy. 2020; 2(1). 521-540
21- Rezaei, M. The effectiveness of schema therapy on students' happiness and positive thinking. The first national conference of Iranian psychotherapy.2020; 1-14. [Persian]
22-Gholizadeh Elkami, D. The effectiveness of schema therapy on self-criticism and emotional self-regulation in depressed women. Modern Psychological Research.2021; 67, 219-227. [Persian]
23-Shirvani M. The effectiveness of group schema therapy on happiness, anger, and emotional alexithymia in divorced women. Master's thesis in clinical psychology, University of Isfahan, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology.2020. 162-195. [Persian]
24-Ghasemi Nejad Rini F, Golparvar M, Aghaei A. Comparison of the effectiveness of emotionally-focused therapy based on attachment injuries and spirituality based schema therapy on anxiety and affective capital of women injured by husband's infidelity. IJRN 2022; 9 (2): 9. [Persian]
25-Nouripourliavali R, Ghanbari N, Farrokhjasteh V & et al. The effectiveness of mindfulness-based compassion therapy on emotional capital in elderly women. Quarterly Journal of Applied Research in Behavioral Sciences.2022; 23. [Persian]
26-Gilbert, P. Compassion: Definitions and controversies. In P. Gilbert (Ed.), Compassion: Concepts, Research and Applications.2019; 3–15.
27-Boschloo L, Bekhuis E, Weitz E S & et al. The symptom‐specific efficacy of antidepressant medication vs. cognitive behavioral therapy in the treatment of depression: Results from an individual patient data meta‐analysis. World Psychiatry.2019; 18(2), 183-191
28-Gautam M, Tripathi A, Deshmukh D & et al. Cognitive behavioral therapy for depression. Indian journal of psychiatry.2020; 62(2), S223
29-Heydari Rarani Z, Torkan H. The effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on non-suicidal self-injury, internalized stigma, positive and negative affect, and manic symptoms in bipolar patients. Journal of Clinical Psychology. 2022; 1(57), 79-91. [Persian]
30-Henken HT, Kupka RW, Draisma S & et. al. A cognitive behavioural group therapy for bipolar disorder using daily mood monitoring. Behav Cogn Psychother. 2020; 48(5):515-529
Safoura hadian(Ph.D.s)1, Felor Khayatan(Ph.D.)2, Mohsen Golparvar(Ph.D.)3
1.PhD Student of Psychology Department of Psychology, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.
2.Corresponding Author: Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Isfahan(Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran. Email:f.khayatan@yahoo.com Tel: 03135002314
3.Professor of Psychology, Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Assessment & Research Applied Psychology, Isfahan, Iran.
Abstract
Introduction: Domestic violence refers to violence that occurs in the private environment of the family, and generally occurs between people who are tied together by intimacy and blood or legal relationship. The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of emotional therapy schema, forgiveness-oriented compassion therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy on affective capital of women victims of domestic violence.
Method: This semi -experimental study was conducted using a pre-test and post-test with a control group and a 45 day follow-up. The statistical population included women victims of domestic violence referring to health centers in Falavarjan in the summer of 2023, of which 60 people were selected purposively and randomly assigned to three experimental groups and one control group (15 people). The experimental groups received emotional schema therapy, compassion therapy based on forgiveness, and cognitive behavioral therapy. Data were collected using the Affective Capital (Golparvar, 2016) Questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc tests, utilizing SPSS software version 23.
Rusults: The results indicated the effectiveness of all three interventions on increasing affective capital and its dimensions in women victims of domestic violence. The effects of all three treatments remained in the follow-up phase as well (p<0/01); However, no significant difference was observed between the effectiveness of the mentioned treatment methods in this field (p<0/05).
Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that all three approaches, schema of emotional therapy, forgiveness-based compassion therapy, and cognitive behavioral therapy significantly affected affective capital in women who are victims of domestic violence and can be utilized by therapists.
Keywords: Affective Capital, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Domestic Violence, Forgiveness-Oriented Compassion Therapy
Conflict of interest: The authors declared no conflict of interest.
References
1-Mundodan JM, Lamiya K, Haveri SP. Prevalence of spousal violence among married women in a rural area in North Kerala. Journal of family medicine and primary care. 2021;10(8):2845.
2-Giesbrecht C J, Edmonds T F & Bruer, K C. A survey of intimate partner violence intervention pograms in saskatchewan, canada. Canadian Psychology / Psychologie canadienne. 2023; 64(2), 93–106.
3-Caponnetto P, Lenzo V, Sardella A & et al. Breaking the Silence: Exploring Peritraumatic Distress and Negative Emotions in Male and Female Physical Domestic Violence Victims. Health Psychology Research. 2024;12.
4-Avnaim S, Murphy CM & Miles-McLean HM. How do women in treatment for intimate partner violence perpetration perceive their abusive behavior? Psychology of Violence.2022: 12(5), 324–332.
5-Mostafa V, Mirzapour H, Falahzadeh H, Hamidi O. The mediating role of self-differentiation in the relationship between codependency and emotional abuse in married female students. Journal of Women and Family Studies. 2020; 1(9), 59-84. [Persian]
6-Kashani Zadeh M, Golparvar M, Sajadian I. Comparing the effectiveness of emotional capital training with life skills training on emotional adjustment of 4-6 yearold children. Journal of Pediatric Nursing. 2022; 9(4). 86-96. [Persian]
7-Golparvar M. Emotional capital: functions and necessities. Jangal Publications, Tehran, 2016. [Persian]
8-Ghadirzadeh Khorasghani, E, Golparvar M. Mediating Role of Affective Capital and Sources of Conflict Resolution Efficacy in the Relationship between Affective-Collective Investment and Conflict Resolution Efficacy. Contemporary Psychology.2020; 15(1), 41-52. [Persian]
9-Arntz A & Jacob G. Schema therapy in practice: An introductory guide to the schema mode approach. John Wiley & Sons. 2021.
10-Nayebi H. In Translation Surveys in Social Research. Davaws DA. 3rd ed . Tehran : Ney publication;2003:210-17.
11-Zirak H, Azadi R. In Translation of Emotional Schema Therapy. Leahy R. 2rd ed. Tehran: Arjmand Publications; 2023: 145-203.
11- Chan E, & Tan H. J. Positive psychology couple schema therapy: A new model of couple therapy focusing on reigniting couple attraction via schema therapy and positive psychology. Journal for ReAttach Therapy and Developmental Diversities. 2020; 2(2), 61–69.
12-Gilbert P. The evolved functions of caring connections as a basis for compassion. In: Compassion focused therapy clinical practice and applications. Abingdon: Routledge. 2022; 90-121.
13-Hadian S, Jabal Ameli Sh. The effectiveness of compassion-focused therapy (CFT) on the mental well-being of students with sleep disorders. Daneshvar Pezki.2019; 27(140). 19-28. [Persian]
14-Faryabi Z, Khayatan F, Menshei Gh R. The effect of forgiveness-oriented compassion therapy package training and forgiveness therapy on anger management, marital adjustment and love frequency in women with marital conflicts. Tolooebehdasht. 2019; 19 (6). 77-94. [Persian]
15-Kiai-Rad H, Pasha R, Asgari P, and Maivandi B. Comparing the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy and therapeutic planning on extramarital affairs and domestic violence in women with emotional divorce. Journal of Psychological Sciences.2021; 19(96), 1667-1681. [Persian]
16-Siahkhani S, Saadi Arani S, Naderian F & et al. Predicting suicidal tendencies and psychological distress based on domestic violence in women, Quarterly Journal of Assessment and Research in Counseling and Psychology. 2022; 3(2) 8. [Persian]
17-Haj Yahya, M. The consequences of spousal abuse and battering for self-esteem, depression, and anxiety as revealed by the second Palestinian national survey on violence against women. Journal of Family Issues,2000; 21 (4), 435-463.
18-Delavar, V. Research Methodology in Psychology and Educational Sciences. 4rd ed. Tehran: Editorial Publishing. 2024; 125-220.
19-Shaban Nejad A. Comparing the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy on depression and negative emotions in divorced women. Quarterly Journal of Applied Family Therapy. 2021; 3(5). 631-645. [Persian]
20-Sharifi F. Aghajani T, Ansari Nejad N & et al. The effectiveness of integrated schema and mindfulness therapy on mental health and happiness of married women. Quarterly Journal of Applied Family Therapy. 2020; 2(1). 521-540
21- Rezaei, M. The effectiveness of schema therapy on students' happiness and positive thinking. The first national conference of Iranian psychotherapy.2020; 1-14. [Persian]
22-Gholizadeh Elkami, D. The effectiveness of schema therapy on self-criticism and emotional self-regulation in depressed women. Modern Psychological Research.2021; 67, 219-227. [Persian]
23-Shirvani M. The effectiveness of group schema therapy on happiness, anger, and emotional alexithymia in divorced women. Master's thesis in clinical psychology, University of Isfahan, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology.2020. 162-195. [Persian]
24-Ghasemi Nejad Rini F, Golparvar M, Aghaei A. Comparison of the effectiveness of emotionally-focused therapy based on attachment injuries and spirituality based schema therapy on anxiety and affective capital of women injured by husband's infidelity. IJRN 2022; 9 (2): 9. [Persian]
25-Nouripourliavali R, Ghanbari N, Farrokhjasteh V & et al. The effectiveness of mindfulness-based compassion therapy on emotional capital in elderly women. Quarterly Journal of Applied Research in Behavioral Sciences.2022; 23. [Persian]
26-Gilbert, P. Compassion: Definitions and controversies. In P. Gilbert (Ed.), Compassion: Concepts, Research and Applications.2019; 3–15.
27-Boschloo L, Bekhuis E, Weitz E S & et al. The symptom‐specific efficacy of antidepressant medication vs. cognitive behavioral therapy in the treatment of depression: Results from an individual patient data meta‐analysis. World Psychiatry.2019; 18(2), 183-191
28-Gautam M, Tripathi A, Deshmukh D & et al. Cognitive behavioral therapy for depression. Indian journal of psychiatry.2020; 62(2), S223
29-Heydari Rarani Z, Torkan H. The effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on non-suicidal self-injury, internalized stigma, positive and negative affect, and manic symptoms in bipolar patients. Journal of Clinical Psychology. 2022; 1(57), 79-91. [Persian]
30-Henken HT, Kupka RW, Draisma S & et. al. A cognitive behavioural group therapy for bipolar disorder using daily mood monitoring. Behav Cogn Psychother. 2020; 48(5):515-529
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Psychology
Received: 2024/08/11 | Accepted: 2024/12/11 | Published: 2025/02/28
Received: 2024/08/11 | Accepted: 2024/12/11 | Published: 2025/02/28
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