Volume 23, Issue 2 (6-2024)
TB 2024, 23(2): 33-49 |
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Research code: 402018
Ethics code: IR.DUMS.REC.1402.051
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Sarabi N, Moosavi A, Karimi H, Moradi E. Knowledge, attitude and practice of prevention of cardiovascular diseases in patients with type 2 diabetes in Dezful City in 2024. TB 2024; 23 (2) :33-49
URL: http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-3628-en.html
URL: http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-3628-en.html
Dezful University of Medical Sciences , dr_ahmad_mosavi@yahoo.com
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Knowledge, attitude and practice of prevention of cardiovascular diseases in patients with type 2 diabetes in Dezful City in 2024
Nasrin Sarabi(Ph.D.)1, Ahmad Moosavi(Ph.D.)2, Hamid Karimi (Ph.D.)3, Ehasan Moradi(M.D.)4
1.Assistant Professor of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
2.Corresponding Author: Associate Professor of Healthcare Services Management, Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
Email: dr_ahmad_mosavi@yahoo.com
3.Assistant Professor of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Ganjavian Hospital, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
4.Medical Student Research Committee, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
Abstract
Introduction: Knowledge, positive attitude, and proper practice are the most important factors in controlling cardiovascular complications in chronic diseases such as diabetes. So, this study investigated the knowledge, attitude, and practice of cardiovascular disease prevention in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Methods: In this descriptive-cross-sectional study, 385 patients with type 2 diabetes who visited the Diabetes Clinic of Ganjavian Dezful Hospital from January 2023 to April 2024 were selected by convenience sampling method. To collect data, the demographic information questionnaire and the questionnaire by Koohi et al. (2021) related to the knowledge, attitude and practice of prevention of cardiovascular diseases were used. The Cronbach's alpha of the questionnaire was >0/6 for all dimensions of the questionnaire, and its CVR and CVI in this study were 0/90 and 0/85. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16 software and p-value of less than 0.05. Descriptive statistics including frequency, mean, and standard deviation as well as inferential statistics such as Pearson correlation, independent t test, and ANOVA were used to analyze the data.
Results: This study showed that 57.1 percent of the participants were in the age range of 40 to 60 67/5 percent of whom were women. Patients had a high level of knowledge and attitude toward preventing cardiovascular disease (20/06 ± 5/42) and (46/80 ± 4/99), respectively); however, their performance level was not high (8.65 ± 5.03). A significant positive relationship was also observed between knowledge and attitude (r = 0/6, P= 0/001).
Conclusion: Despite patients’ high level knowledge and attitude toward the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, their performance in this field is not appropriate, and this issue requires planning by hospital managers
Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Knowledge, Attitude, Cardiovascular disease
References
1-Ahmadi A, Niknami S, Ghaffari M. Determinants of Self-care Behaviors Among People with Type II Diabetes: A One-decade Systematic Review. Journal of Diabetes Nursing. 2021; 9(3): 1604-21.
2-Tesfaye A, Josef H, Bizuayehu Wube T & et al. Magnitude of, and Factors Associated with Cardiovascular Disease Among Type Two Diabetes Mellitus Patients. Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy. 2020;13: 4123–29.
3-Bazmandegan GH, Mitra Abbasifard M, Nadimi AE & et al. Cardiovascular risk factors in diabetic patients with and without metabolic syndrome: a study based on the Rafsanjan cohort study. Scientific reports.2023;13(559): 1-7.
4-Janjani P, Salehabadi Y, Motevaseli S & et al. Comparison of Risk Factors, Prevalence, Type of Treatment, and Mortality Rate for Myocardial Infarction in Diabetic and Non-diabetic Older Adults: A Cohort Study. Iranian Journal of Ageing. 2023; 18(2):268-83.
5-Begna S, Assefa T, Feleke Z & et al. Knowledge of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors and Associated Factors among Diabetes Mellitus Patients in West Arsi, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2022. Journal of Clinical Cases & Reports. 2024; 1: 38–49.
6- Ma CHX, Ma XN, Guan CH & et al. Cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus: progress toward personalized management. Cardiovascular Diabetology. 2022; 21(4):74.1–15.
7-Neda M, Zavareh Mahboob Sadat T. Evaluation of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Diabetic Adolescents Aged 10–14 Years Who Referred to the Diabetes Clinic in Imam Hossein Hospital, Isfahan, Iran. Journal of Diabetes Nursing. 2020; 8(1): 1011–19.
8-Mardanian-Dehkordi L, Naseh L, Babashahi M. Knowledge and attitude of Isfahan people about prevention of cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular Nursing Journal. 2017; 6(2):1-14.
9-Chavan MS, Murade A, Memane SH & et al. A study to assess the knowledge regarding prevention of microvascular and macro vascular complication among clients with diabetic mellitus in a selected area of Pune city. European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine. 2023; 10 (3): 618-626.
10-Osman M, Mohd Zain N. Knowledge and Practices of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia. International Journal of Care Scholars. 2021; 4(1): 18-28.
11-Fatani EM, Gari LN, Alharbi AH & et al. Awareness of Diabetic Complications, Perceived Knowledge, Compliance to Medications and Control of Diabetes among Diabetic Population of Makkah City, Kingdome Saudi Arabia: Cross-Sectional Study. The Egyptain Journal of Hospital Medicine. 2018;70: 1190–95.
12-Long GH, Cooper AJM, Wareham NJ & et al. Healthy Behaviour Change and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Patients – ADDITION Cambridge Cohort Study .Diabetes Care. 2014; 37(6): 1712–1720.
13-Wu Y, Qin G, Wang G & et al. Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: The MIDiab Study. Engineering. 2023; 20: 26-35.
14-Tahir Q, Azam N, Imran M & et al. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of patients regarding diabetes and hypertension control. Journal of Postgraduate Medical Institute. 2018; 32(2): 166-72.
15-Alardis Hunte Johnson C, Condilo Pitta N, Aparecida Marosti Dessotte C & et al. Knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about acute coronary syndrome among patients with type 2 diabetes. Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem. 2021; 29: 1-11.
16-Koohi F, Amiri P, Mehrabi Y & et al. Development and validation of a knowledge, attitude, and practice questionnaire regarding cardiovascular diseases in an Iranian general population. BMC Public Health. 2021; 21 (2050): 2–10.
17-Alduraywish SH, Aldakheel FM, Azizalrahman LA & et al. Knowledge about the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease among Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Visiting the Outpatient Clinics at Tertiary Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(4996): 2-9.
18-Samy Mohamed H. Knowledge of Coronary Heart Disease and Risk Factors Among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at the Outpatient Department of Kasr Alainy Hospital. The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine. 2021; 82(4): 785-91.
19-Karakoc Kumsar A, Taskin Yilmaz F, Celik S & et al E. The perception of risk related to complications and its relation with metabolic parameters in diabetic individuals. Annals of Medical Research. 2021; 28(1):55–61.
20-Cantillo J, Carlos Martin J, Roman C. Best–Worst Measure of Attitudes toward Buying Seabream and Seabass Products: An Application to the Island of Gran Canaria. Foods. 2021; 10(90): 1-22.
21-Santiago S, Zazpe I, Gea A & et al. Healthy-eating attitudes and the incidence of cardiovascular disease: the SUN cohort. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition. 2017; 68(5):595-604
22-Workina A, Habtamu A, Diribsa T & et al. Knowledge of modifiable cardiovascular disease risk factors and its primary prevention practices among diabetic patients at Jimma University Medical Center: A cross-sectional study. PLOS Global Public Health. 2022; 2(7): 1-11.
23-Alali RA, Alateeq SA, Almuhanna AF & et al. Dietary assessment of type 2 diabetic patients using a healthy plant-based diet score in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. BMC Nutrition. 2024;10(1): 1–9.
24-Ferguson JF, Aden LA, Barbaro NR & et al. High dietary salt-induced DC activation underlies microbial dysbiosis-associated hypertension. JCI Insight. 2019; 4(13): 1-18.
25-Gholizadeh-Moghaddam M, Shahdadian F, Shirani F & et al. The effect of a low versus high sodium diet on blood pressure in diabetic patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials. Food Science & Nutrition. 2023; 11(4):1622–33.
26-Mazar L, Nasirzadeh M, Miraki M. The effect of educational intervention on salt intake of people at risk of high blood pressure: application of the theory of planned behavior. Iranian Journal of Health Education Health Promotion. 2023; 11(1), 56-68.
27-Jeong SM, Yoo J, Park J & et al. Smoking behavior change and risk of cardiovascular disease incidence and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cardiovascular Diabetology. 2023; 22 (193):1–11.
28-Hee Cho M, Lee K, Min Park S & et al. Effects of smoking habit change on all-cause mortality and cardiovascular diseases among patients with newly diagnosed diabetes in Korea. Scientific Repoerts. 2018; 8(5316): 1–8.
29-Alhowaymel FM, Abdelmalik MA, Mohammed AM & et al. Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Hypertensive Patients Towards Stroke Prevention Among Rural Populations in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study. SAGE Open Nursing. 2023; 9: 1–11.
30-Paulose T, Nkosi ZZ, Endriyas M. Factors associated with a positive attitude towards hypertension control in Hawassa city administration: A community-based cross-sectional study. Health Science Reports. 2022; 5(5):1-7.
31-Karolus Siregar H, Batubara KH, Ester Empraninta H & et al. Relationship between Knowledge and Attitude about Prevention of Diabetes Mellitus Complications in Diabetes Mellitus Patients. South East Asia Nursing Research. 2021; 3(4): 153-159.
Nasrin Sarabi(Ph.D.)1, Ahmad Moosavi(Ph.D.)2, Hamid Karimi (Ph.D.)3, Ehasan Moradi(M.D.)4
1.Assistant Professor of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
2.Corresponding Author: Associate Professor of Healthcare Services Management, Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
Email: dr_ahmad_mosavi@yahoo.com
3.Assistant Professor of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Ganjavian Hospital, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
4.Medical Student Research Committee, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
Abstract
Introduction: Knowledge, positive attitude, and proper practice are the most important factors in controlling cardiovascular complications in chronic diseases such as diabetes. So, this study investigated the knowledge, attitude, and practice of cardiovascular disease prevention in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Methods: In this descriptive-cross-sectional study, 385 patients with type 2 diabetes who visited the Diabetes Clinic of Ganjavian Dezful Hospital from January 2023 to April 2024 were selected by convenience sampling method. To collect data, the demographic information questionnaire and the questionnaire by Koohi et al. (2021) related to the knowledge, attitude and practice of prevention of cardiovascular diseases were used. The Cronbach's alpha of the questionnaire was >0/6 for all dimensions of the questionnaire, and its CVR and CVI in this study were 0/90 and 0/85. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16 software and p-value of less than 0.05. Descriptive statistics including frequency, mean, and standard deviation as well as inferential statistics such as Pearson correlation, independent t test, and ANOVA were used to analyze the data.
Results: This study showed that 57.1 percent of the participants were in the age range of 40 to 60 67/5 percent of whom were women. Patients had a high level of knowledge and attitude toward preventing cardiovascular disease (20/06 ± 5/42) and (46/80 ± 4/99), respectively); however, their performance level was not high (8.65 ± 5.03). A significant positive relationship was also observed between knowledge and attitude (r = 0/6, P= 0/001).
Conclusion: Despite patients’ high level knowledge and attitude toward the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, their performance in this field is not appropriate, and this issue requires planning by hospital managers
Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Knowledge, Attitude, Cardiovascular disease
References
1-Ahmadi A, Niknami S, Ghaffari M. Determinants of Self-care Behaviors Among People with Type II Diabetes: A One-decade Systematic Review. Journal of Diabetes Nursing. 2021; 9(3): 1604-21.
2-Tesfaye A, Josef H, Bizuayehu Wube T & et al. Magnitude of, and Factors Associated with Cardiovascular Disease Among Type Two Diabetes Mellitus Patients. Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy. 2020;13: 4123–29.
3-Bazmandegan GH, Mitra Abbasifard M, Nadimi AE & et al. Cardiovascular risk factors in diabetic patients with and without metabolic syndrome: a study based on the Rafsanjan cohort study. Scientific reports.2023;13(559): 1-7.
4-Janjani P, Salehabadi Y, Motevaseli S & et al. Comparison of Risk Factors, Prevalence, Type of Treatment, and Mortality Rate for Myocardial Infarction in Diabetic and Non-diabetic Older Adults: A Cohort Study. Iranian Journal of Ageing. 2023; 18(2):268-83.
5-Begna S, Assefa T, Feleke Z & et al. Knowledge of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors and Associated Factors among Diabetes Mellitus Patients in West Arsi, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2022. Journal of Clinical Cases & Reports. 2024; 1: 38–49.
6- Ma CHX, Ma XN, Guan CH & et al. Cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus: progress toward personalized management. Cardiovascular Diabetology. 2022; 21(4):74.1–15.
7-Neda M, Zavareh Mahboob Sadat T. Evaluation of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Diabetic Adolescents Aged 10–14 Years Who Referred to the Diabetes Clinic in Imam Hossein Hospital, Isfahan, Iran. Journal of Diabetes Nursing. 2020; 8(1): 1011–19.
8-Mardanian-Dehkordi L, Naseh L, Babashahi M. Knowledge and attitude of Isfahan people about prevention of cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular Nursing Journal. 2017; 6(2):1-14.
9-Chavan MS, Murade A, Memane SH & et al. A study to assess the knowledge regarding prevention of microvascular and macro vascular complication among clients with diabetic mellitus in a selected area of Pune city. European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine. 2023; 10 (3): 618-626.
10-Osman M, Mohd Zain N. Knowledge and Practices of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia. International Journal of Care Scholars. 2021; 4(1): 18-28.
11-Fatani EM, Gari LN, Alharbi AH & et al. Awareness of Diabetic Complications, Perceived Knowledge, Compliance to Medications and Control of Diabetes among Diabetic Population of Makkah City, Kingdome Saudi Arabia: Cross-Sectional Study. The Egyptain Journal of Hospital Medicine. 2018;70: 1190–95.
12-Long GH, Cooper AJM, Wareham NJ & et al. Healthy Behaviour Change and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Patients – ADDITION Cambridge Cohort Study .Diabetes Care. 2014; 37(6): 1712–1720.
13-Wu Y, Qin G, Wang G & et al. Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: The MIDiab Study. Engineering. 2023; 20: 26-35.
14-Tahir Q, Azam N, Imran M & et al. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of patients regarding diabetes and hypertension control. Journal of Postgraduate Medical Institute. 2018; 32(2): 166-72.
15-Alardis Hunte Johnson C, Condilo Pitta N, Aparecida Marosti Dessotte C & et al. Knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about acute coronary syndrome among patients with type 2 diabetes. Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem. 2021; 29: 1-11.
16-Koohi F, Amiri P, Mehrabi Y & et al. Development and validation of a knowledge, attitude, and practice questionnaire regarding cardiovascular diseases in an Iranian general population. BMC Public Health. 2021; 21 (2050): 2–10.
17-Alduraywish SH, Aldakheel FM, Azizalrahman LA & et al. Knowledge about the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease among Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Visiting the Outpatient Clinics at Tertiary Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(4996): 2-9.
18-Samy Mohamed H. Knowledge of Coronary Heart Disease and Risk Factors Among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at the Outpatient Department of Kasr Alainy Hospital. The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine. 2021; 82(4): 785-91.
19-Karakoc Kumsar A, Taskin Yilmaz F, Celik S & et al E. The perception of risk related to complications and its relation with metabolic parameters in diabetic individuals. Annals of Medical Research. 2021; 28(1):55–61.
20-Cantillo J, Carlos Martin J, Roman C. Best–Worst Measure of Attitudes toward Buying Seabream and Seabass Products: An Application to the Island of Gran Canaria. Foods. 2021; 10(90): 1-22.
21-Santiago S, Zazpe I, Gea A & et al. Healthy-eating attitudes and the incidence of cardiovascular disease: the SUN cohort. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition. 2017; 68(5):595-604
22-Workina A, Habtamu A, Diribsa T & et al. Knowledge of modifiable cardiovascular disease risk factors and its primary prevention practices among diabetic patients at Jimma University Medical Center: A cross-sectional study. PLOS Global Public Health. 2022; 2(7): 1-11.
23-Alali RA, Alateeq SA, Almuhanna AF & et al. Dietary assessment of type 2 diabetic patients using a healthy plant-based diet score in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. BMC Nutrition. 2024;10(1): 1–9.
24-Ferguson JF, Aden LA, Barbaro NR & et al. High dietary salt-induced DC activation underlies microbial dysbiosis-associated hypertension. JCI Insight. 2019; 4(13): 1-18.
25-Gholizadeh-Moghaddam M, Shahdadian F, Shirani F & et al. The effect of a low versus high sodium diet on blood pressure in diabetic patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials. Food Science & Nutrition. 2023; 11(4):1622–33.
26-Mazar L, Nasirzadeh M, Miraki M. The effect of educational intervention on salt intake of people at risk of high blood pressure: application of the theory of planned behavior. Iranian Journal of Health Education Health Promotion. 2023; 11(1), 56-68.
27-Jeong SM, Yoo J, Park J & et al. Smoking behavior change and risk of cardiovascular disease incidence and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cardiovascular Diabetology. 2023; 22 (193):1–11.
28-Hee Cho M, Lee K, Min Park S & et al. Effects of smoking habit change on all-cause mortality and cardiovascular diseases among patients with newly diagnosed diabetes in Korea. Scientific Repoerts. 2018; 8(5316): 1–8.
29-Alhowaymel FM, Abdelmalik MA, Mohammed AM & et al. Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Hypertensive Patients Towards Stroke Prevention Among Rural Populations in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study. SAGE Open Nursing. 2023; 9: 1–11.
30-Paulose T, Nkosi ZZ, Endriyas M. Factors associated with a positive attitude towards hypertension control in Hawassa city administration: A community-based cross-sectional study. Health Science Reports. 2022; 5(5):1-7.
31-Karolus Siregar H, Batubara KH, Ester Empraninta H & et al. Relationship between Knowledge and Attitude about Prevention of Diabetes Mellitus Complications in Diabetes Mellitus Patients. South East Asia Nursing Research. 2021; 3(4): 153-159.
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
medicine
Received: 2024/04/5 | Accepted: 2024/06/9 | Published: 2024/06/30
Received: 2024/04/5 | Accepted: 2024/06/9 | Published: 2024/06/30
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