Volume 22, Issue 6 (2-2024)
TB 2024, 22(6): 103-116 |
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hosseini S S, azimkhani A, Hosseini abrishami L. Effect of a Course of selected Cawthorne-Cooksey and Frankel Exercises on balance, Coordination and walking speed of Elderly men with Dementia.. TB 2024; 22 (6) :103-116
URL: http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-3560-en.html
URL: http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-3560-en.html
Imam Reza International University , Amin.azimkhani@imamreza.ac.ir
Keywords: Cawthorne–Cooksey’s exercise, Frankel’s exercises, static balance, coordination, walking speed, elderly people
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Effect of a Course of selected Cawthorne-Cooksey and Frankel Exercises on balance, Coordination and walking speed of Elderly men with Dementia.
Sayede Saeedeh Hosseini(MS.c.)¹, Amin Azimkhani(Ph.D.)², ladan Hosseini abrishami(Ph.D.)³
1.Master of Physical Education, Binaloud Institute of Higher Education, Mashhad, Iran
2.Corresponding author: Associate Professor of Physical Education, Imam Reza International University, Mashhad, Iran. Email: Amin.azimkhani@imamreza.ac.ir TEL:09155104950
3.Assistant Professor of Physical Education Department, Khayyam Non-Profit University, Mashhad, Iran
Abstract
Introduction: Aging is a period during which the physiological structures and functions of the body gradually decrease and a person experiences a significant decrease in various skills. This study aimed to compare the effect of a selected CawtorneCooksey and Frankel’s exercise course on some physical and movement factors of elderly men with dementia.
Method: This research, semi-experimental and includes 24 elderly men with dementia, living in Tawheed Golamgan Elderly Care Center of Mashhad, purposefully based on Examination (MMSE), in to two groups , divided. The experimental group performed the selected exercises of Cawtorne Cooksey and Frankel, the control group did not perform any specific exercises during this period. Fullerton test was used to evaluate balance, tandem gate test was used to evaluate coordination, 10-meter walking test was used for walking speed. used to evaluate the effectiveness of the exercises, and covariance analysis and T at the significance level of P≤0/05 were used.
Results: The results of the paired t-test illustrated that of the Fullerton advanced balance test (P=0.001), movement coordination (P=0/001), and walking speed (P=0/001) of the experimental group improved after the exercise program, while did not show improvement in the control group. the results of the analysis of covariance in the pre-test stage did not mark a significant difference between the groups, but in the post-test stage, the scores of the experimental group increased significantly.
Conclusion: It is recommended to use the benefits of these exercises in order to prevent dementia and include in the elderly care programs.
Keywords: Cawthorne–Cooksey’s exercise, Frankel’s exercises, static balance, coordination, walking speed, elderly people
References
1-Kannus P, Parkkari J, Niemi S, & etal. Continuously declining incidence of fall injuries in older adults: nationwide statistics from Finland between 1970 and 2016. European geriatric medicine. 2018;9:371-5.
2-Mahmoodabad SS, Kamaladdini SM. Knowledge, attitude and practice of caregiver of the elderly with Alzheimer's regarding this disease in Yazd city, 1400. The Journal of Tolooebehdasht. 2023.
3-Goudarz M, Foroughan M, Makarem A,& etal. Relationship between social support and subjective well-being in older adults. Iranian Journal of Ageing. 2015;10(3):110-9.
4-Hosseini FS, Hatamnezhad O. Relationship Between Self-Regulation and Balance-Confidence in Active and Inactive Elderly Men. Iranian Journal of Ageing. 2018;12(4):470-81.
5- Nodehi Moghadam A, Ehsani Fard F. Prevalence of physical impairment among the elderlly persons of the Tehran city in 1385. Iranian Journal of Ageing. 2007;1(2):125-31.
6-Benjuya N, Melzer I, Kaplanski J. Aging-induced shifts from a reliance on sensory input to muscle cocontraction during balanced standing. The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences. 2004;59(2):M166-71.
7-Hausdorff JM, Rios DA, Edelberg HK. Gait variability and fall risk in community-living older adults: a 1-year prospective study. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation. 2001.
8- Azim Khani A, Abbasian P, Anoushirvani S, & etal. Aging and Sports Activities. 2021
9- Kennelly SP, Drumm B, Coughlan T, & etal. Characteristics and outcomes of older persons attending the emergency department: a retrospective cohort study. QJM: An International Journal of Medicine. 2014 107(12):977-87.
10- Haywood KM, Getchell N. Life span motor development. Human kinetics; 2021
11-Charlton JL, Oxley J, Fildes B, & etal. Characteristics of older drivers who adopt self-regulatory driving behaviours. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour. 2006;9(5):363-73.
12-Cherbuin N, Kim S, Anstey KJ. Dementia risk estimates associated with measures of depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ open. 2015;5(12):e008853.
13-Acosta D, Wortmann M. Alzheimer’s Disease International World Alzheimer Report 2009. Prince, M. 2009:1-92.
14- Katzman R. Education and the prevalence of dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Neurology. 1993.
15-Vincent AS, Roebuck‐Spencer TM, Cernich A. Cognitive changes and dementia risk after traumatic brain injury: implications for aging military personnel. Alzheimer's & Dementia. 2014 10:S174-87.
16-Ceylan DŞ, Ataş A, Kaya M. The effect of galvanic vestibular stimulation in the rehabilitation of patients with vestibular disorders. ORL. 2021;83(1):25-34.
17- Afrasiabifar A, Karami F, Najafi Doulatabad S. Comparing the effect of Cawthorne–Cooksey and Frenkel exercises on balance in patients with multiple sclerosis: A randomized controlled trial. Clinical rehabilitation. 2018;32(1):57-65.
18- Mańko G, Pieniążek M, Tim S, & etal. The effect of Frankel’s stabilization exercises and stabilometric platform in the balance in elderly patients: A randomized clinical trial. Medicina. 2019;55(9):583.
19- Roman-Liu D, Mockałło Z. Effectiveness of bimanual coordination tasks performance in improving coordination skills and cognitive functions in elderly. Plos one. 2020;15(3):e0228599.
20-Kao CC, Chiu HL, Liu D, & etal. Effect of interactive cognitive motor training on gait and balance among older adults: a randomized controlled trial. International journal of nursing studies. 2018;82:121-8.
21-Azimizadeh MJ, Tabatabai Asl SM, Hoseini SH. The Effects of an Eight-week Cawthorne-Cooksey Training Program on Balance and Lower Limb Strength in the Elderly. Journal of Sport Biomechanics. 2021;7(1):68-77.
22- Tabatabaei asl, & Sedaghati.. The effect of the combination of Cawturnekoxi and Frankel exercises on functional balance and the possibility of falling in the elderly with a history of falling. Bimonthly scientific-research journal of rehabilitation medicine, 2022 11(1), 114-125
23-Adams GR, Hather BM, Dudley GA. Effect of short-term unweighting on human skeletal muscle strength and size. Aviation, space, and environmental medicine. 1994;65(12):1116-21.
24-Santo AL, Reed JM, Lynall RC. Tandem gait test performance in healthy, physically active adults: Clinical implications for concussion evaluation. Journal of science and medicine in sport. 2021;24(7):622-6.
25- Fathi RZ, Aslankhani MA, Farsi AR, & etal. A comparison of three functional tests of balance in identifying fallers from non-fallers in elderly people. Salamand Magazine: Iranian Geriatrics Magazine. 2010 5(2):0.
26-Divya S, Arunachalam R, Kumaresan A, & etal. Comparing the effects of modifıed Epley's maneuver and Cawthorne–Cooksey exercise with Brandt–Daroff exercise in benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. Int. J. Pharma Bio Sci.. 2016;7(3):706-11.
27- Frankel R, Graber T. Realization of Functional Orthopedics Using the Frankel Exercise Device. Physiologic Principles of Functional Appliances, T. Graber, Ed., St. Louis: CV Mosby. 1985:65-9.
28-Tabatabaiasl SM, Sedaghati P, Javazi F. Comparison of functional balance and probability of falling in the elderly with and without a history of falling living in care centers. Journal of Sport Biomechanics. 2020;6(2):134-43.
29-Długosz-Boś M, Filar-Mierzwa K, Stawarz R, & etal. Effect of three months pilates training on balance and fall risk in older women. International journal of environmental research and public health. 2021;18(7):3663.
30-Jahanpeyma P, Kayhan Koçak FÖ, Yıldırım Y, & etal. Effects of the Otago exercise program on falls, balance, and physical performance in older nursing home residents with high fall risk: a randomized controlled trial. European geriatric medicine. 2021;12:107-15.
31-Langoni CD, Resende TD, Barcellos AB, & etal. The effect of group exercises on balance, mobility, and depressive symptoms in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: a randomized controlled trial. Clinical rehabilitation. 2019;33(3):439-49.
32-Safari E, Sokhanguei Y, Fatahi A. The Effect of a Combined Training Course on Selected Biomechanical Variables of Balance, Motor Control, Postural Control and Gait of the Active Elderly Men. Studies in Sport Medicine. 2020;12(27):171-87.
33-Khurana N, Gaur DK, Linjhara S. Effect of Cawthorne and Cooksey exercises on balance in elderly and risk of fall. Indian J Gerontol. 2015;29(4):398-406.
Sayede Saeedeh Hosseini(MS.c.)¹, Amin Azimkhani(Ph.D.)², ladan Hosseini abrishami(Ph.D.)³
1.Master of Physical Education, Binaloud Institute of Higher Education, Mashhad, Iran
2.Corresponding author: Associate Professor of Physical Education, Imam Reza International University, Mashhad, Iran. Email: Amin.azimkhani@imamreza.ac.ir TEL:09155104950
3.Assistant Professor of Physical Education Department, Khayyam Non-Profit University, Mashhad, Iran
Abstract
Introduction: Aging is a period during which the physiological structures and functions of the body gradually decrease and a person experiences a significant decrease in various skills. This study aimed to compare the effect of a selected CawtorneCooksey and Frankel’s exercise course on some physical and movement factors of elderly men with dementia.
Method: This research, semi-experimental and includes 24 elderly men with dementia, living in Tawheed Golamgan Elderly Care Center of Mashhad, purposefully based on Examination (MMSE), in to two groups , divided. The experimental group performed the selected exercises of Cawtorne Cooksey and Frankel, the control group did not perform any specific exercises during this period. Fullerton test was used to evaluate balance, tandem gate test was used to evaluate coordination, 10-meter walking test was used for walking speed. used to evaluate the effectiveness of the exercises, and covariance analysis and T at the significance level of P≤0/05 were used.
Results: The results of the paired t-test illustrated that of the Fullerton advanced balance test (P=0.001), movement coordination (P=0/001), and walking speed (P=0/001) of the experimental group improved after the exercise program, while did not show improvement in the control group. the results of the analysis of covariance in the pre-test stage did not mark a significant difference between the groups, but in the post-test stage, the scores of the experimental group increased significantly.
Conclusion: It is recommended to use the benefits of these exercises in order to prevent dementia and include in the elderly care programs.
Keywords: Cawthorne–Cooksey’s exercise, Frankel’s exercises, static balance, coordination, walking speed, elderly people
References
1-Kannus P, Parkkari J, Niemi S, & etal. Continuously declining incidence of fall injuries in older adults: nationwide statistics from Finland between 1970 and 2016. European geriatric medicine. 2018;9:371-5.
2-Mahmoodabad SS, Kamaladdini SM. Knowledge, attitude and practice of caregiver of the elderly with Alzheimer's regarding this disease in Yazd city, 1400. The Journal of Tolooebehdasht. 2023.
3-Goudarz M, Foroughan M, Makarem A,& etal. Relationship between social support and subjective well-being in older adults. Iranian Journal of Ageing. 2015;10(3):110-9.
4-Hosseini FS, Hatamnezhad O. Relationship Between Self-Regulation and Balance-Confidence in Active and Inactive Elderly Men. Iranian Journal of Ageing. 2018;12(4):470-81.
5- Nodehi Moghadam A, Ehsani Fard F. Prevalence of physical impairment among the elderlly persons of the Tehran city in 1385. Iranian Journal of Ageing. 2007;1(2):125-31.
6-Benjuya N, Melzer I, Kaplanski J. Aging-induced shifts from a reliance on sensory input to muscle cocontraction during balanced standing. The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences. 2004;59(2):M166-71.
7-Hausdorff JM, Rios DA, Edelberg HK. Gait variability and fall risk in community-living older adults: a 1-year prospective study. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation. 2001.
8- Azim Khani A, Abbasian P, Anoushirvani S, & etal. Aging and Sports Activities. 2021
9- Kennelly SP, Drumm B, Coughlan T, & etal. Characteristics and outcomes of older persons attending the emergency department: a retrospective cohort study. QJM: An International Journal of Medicine. 2014 107(12):977-87.
10- Haywood KM, Getchell N. Life span motor development. Human kinetics; 2021
11-Charlton JL, Oxley J, Fildes B, & etal. Characteristics of older drivers who adopt self-regulatory driving behaviours. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour. 2006;9(5):363-73.
12-Cherbuin N, Kim S, Anstey KJ. Dementia risk estimates associated with measures of depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ open. 2015;5(12):e008853.
13-Acosta D, Wortmann M. Alzheimer’s Disease International World Alzheimer Report 2009. Prince, M. 2009:1-92.
14- Katzman R. Education and the prevalence of dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Neurology. 1993.
15-Vincent AS, Roebuck‐Spencer TM, Cernich A. Cognitive changes and dementia risk after traumatic brain injury: implications for aging military personnel. Alzheimer's & Dementia. 2014 10:S174-87.
16-Ceylan DŞ, Ataş A, Kaya M. The effect of galvanic vestibular stimulation in the rehabilitation of patients with vestibular disorders. ORL. 2021;83(1):25-34.
17- Afrasiabifar A, Karami F, Najafi Doulatabad S. Comparing the effect of Cawthorne–Cooksey and Frenkel exercises on balance in patients with multiple sclerosis: A randomized controlled trial. Clinical rehabilitation. 2018;32(1):57-65.
18- Mańko G, Pieniążek M, Tim S, & etal. The effect of Frankel’s stabilization exercises and stabilometric platform in the balance in elderly patients: A randomized clinical trial. Medicina. 2019;55(9):583.
19- Roman-Liu D, Mockałło Z. Effectiveness of bimanual coordination tasks performance in improving coordination skills and cognitive functions in elderly. Plos one. 2020;15(3):e0228599.
20-Kao CC, Chiu HL, Liu D, & etal. Effect of interactive cognitive motor training on gait and balance among older adults: a randomized controlled trial. International journal of nursing studies. 2018;82:121-8.
21-Azimizadeh MJ, Tabatabai Asl SM, Hoseini SH. The Effects of an Eight-week Cawthorne-Cooksey Training Program on Balance and Lower Limb Strength in the Elderly. Journal of Sport Biomechanics. 2021;7(1):68-77.
22- Tabatabaei asl, & Sedaghati.. The effect of the combination of Cawturnekoxi and Frankel exercises on functional balance and the possibility of falling in the elderly with a history of falling. Bimonthly scientific-research journal of rehabilitation medicine, 2022 11(1), 114-125
23-Adams GR, Hather BM, Dudley GA. Effect of short-term unweighting on human skeletal muscle strength and size. Aviation, space, and environmental medicine. 1994;65(12):1116-21.
24-Santo AL, Reed JM, Lynall RC. Tandem gait test performance in healthy, physically active adults: Clinical implications for concussion evaluation. Journal of science and medicine in sport. 2021;24(7):622-6.
25- Fathi RZ, Aslankhani MA, Farsi AR, & etal. A comparison of three functional tests of balance in identifying fallers from non-fallers in elderly people. Salamand Magazine: Iranian Geriatrics Magazine. 2010 5(2):0.
26-Divya S, Arunachalam R, Kumaresan A, & etal. Comparing the effects of modifıed Epley's maneuver and Cawthorne–Cooksey exercise with Brandt–Daroff exercise in benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. Int. J. Pharma Bio Sci.. 2016;7(3):706-11.
27- Frankel R, Graber T. Realization of Functional Orthopedics Using the Frankel Exercise Device. Physiologic Principles of Functional Appliances, T. Graber, Ed., St. Louis: CV Mosby. 1985:65-9.
28-Tabatabaiasl SM, Sedaghati P, Javazi F. Comparison of functional balance and probability of falling in the elderly with and without a history of falling living in care centers. Journal of Sport Biomechanics. 2020;6(2):134-43.
29-Długosz-Boś M, Filar-Mierzwa K, Stawarz R, & etal. Effect of three months pilates training on balance and fall risk in older women. International journal of environmental research and public health. 2021;18(7):3663.
30-Jahanpeyma P, Kayhan Koçak FÖ, Yıldırım Y, & etal. Effects of the Otago exercise program on falls, balance, and physical performance in older nursing home residents with high fall risk: a randomized controlled trial. European geriatric medicine. 2021;12:107-15.
31-Langoni CD, Resende TD, Barcellos AB, & etal. The effect of group exercises on balance, mobility, and depressive symptoms in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: a randomized controlled trial. Clinical rehabilitation. 2019;33(3):439-49.
32-Safari E, Sokhanguei Y, Fatahi A. The Effect of a Combined Training Course on Selected Biomechanical Variables of Balance, Motor Control, Postural Control and Gait of the Active Elderly Men. Studies in Sport Medicine. 2020;12(27):171-87.
33-Khurana N, Gaur DK, Linjhara S. Effect of Cawthorne and Cooksey exercises on balance in elderly and risk of fall. Indian J Gerontol. 2015;29(4):398-406.
Type of Study: Applicable |
Subject:
Elderly Health
Received: 2023/09/28 | Accepted: 2024/01/2 | Published: 2024/03/16
Received: 2023/09/28 | Accepted: 2024/01/2 | Published: 2024/03/16
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