Volume 22, Issue 4 (11-2023)
TB 2023, 22(4): 1-12 |
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Ghasemian R, Namjou Z, Pourmovahed Z. Effect of Psychological Empowerment Training on Assertiveness of Nurses in Neonatal Intensive Care Units. TB 2023; 22 (4) :1-12
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URL: http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-3515-en.html
, movahed446@yahoo.com
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Effect of Psychological Empowerment Training on Assertiveness of Nurses in Neonatal Intensive Care Units
Reyhane Ghasemian (M.Sc.)1, Zahra Namjou (M.Sc.)2, Zahra Pourmovahed (Ph.D.)3
1.M.Sc, Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
2.M.Sc, Department of Nursing Education, Research Center for Nursing and Midwifery Care, Non-communicable Diseases Research Institute, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
3.Corresponding author: Assistant Professor, Department of Nursing Education, Research Center for Nursing and Midwifery Care, Non-communicable Diseases Research Institute, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences,Yazd, Iran. Email: movahed446@yahoo.com Tel: 09133511600
Abstract
Introduction: Assertiveness in nurses of special care units is of particular importance because of providing complex and critical care to patients. It has an effect on improving the quality of care provided by nurses. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of psychological empowerment training on assertiveness of nurses in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).
Methods: In this semi-experimental study, 27 nurses from the NICU of Shahid Sadoughi Hospital in Yazd, were selected in 2022 based on the census sampling method and participated in psychological empowerment workshop during four one-hour virtual sessions. The intervention was designed by five experienced psychologists and implemented with the researcher and a psychologist. Data was collected using demographic questionnaire and Gambrill and Richie Assertion Inventory Questionnaire, before and two weeks after holding the psychological empowerment training. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26 software and paired t-test and Chi-square test.
Results: After training, the mean score of assertiveness significantly increased from 117/93±36/13 to 149/44±36/31 (P=0/001), which shows the effect of the psychological empowerment training on the level of assertiveness of nurses in the NICU.
Conclusion: After the psychological empowerment training, the assertiveness of nurses working in the NICU increased significantly. In order to improve the quality of care provided to infants and their families, it is necessary for nurses to promote their assertiveness by acquiring psychological empowerment.
Keywords: Psychology, Empowerment, Assertiveness, Nurses, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
References
1-Visiers-Jiménez L, Kuokkanen L, Leino-Kilpi H, Löyttyniemi E, Turjamaa R, Brugnolli A,et al. Graduating Nursing Students’ Empowerment and Related Factors: Comparative Study in Six European Countries. InHealthcare. 2022;10(5):754.
2-Sahebalzamani M, Farahani H. Consideration of empowering nurses and its relationship with organizational culture and patient’s satisfaction of nursing cares. Medical Science Journal of Islamic Azad Univesity-Tehran Medical Branch. 2017;27(2):144-8.
3-Dehghani H, Heidari F, Karimian Kakolaki Z, Salimi T. Critical care nurses' knowledge, attitude and practice in Yazd University of Medical Sciences' teaching hospitals on evidence-based nursing. Community Health Journal. 2017;8(2):56-64.
4-Lyu D, Ji L, Zheng Q, Yu B, Fan Y. Abusive supervision and turnover intention: Mediating effects of psychological empowerment of nurses. International Journal of Nursing Sciences. 2019;6(2):198-203.
5-Babanataj R, Mazdarani S, Hesamzadeh A, Gorji MH, Cherati JY. Resilience training: Effects on occupational stress and resilience of critical care nurses. International journal of nursing practice. 2019;25(1):e12697.
6-Farzi S, Irajpour A, Saghaei M, Ravaghi H. Causes of medication errors in intensive care units from the perspective of healthcare professionals. Journal of research in pharmacy practice. 2017;6(3):158.
7-Ding N, Berry HL, O'Brien LV. One-year reciprocal relationship between community participation and mental wellbeing in Australia: A panel analysis. Social Science & Medicine. 2015;128:246-54.
8-Royan S, Alikhani M, Mohseni M, Alirezaei S, Khosravizadeh O, Moosavi A. Nurses' psychological empowerment in Iran: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Trop Med Public Health. 2017;10(6):1558.
9-Greasley K, Bryman A, Dainty A, Price A, Soetanto R, King N. Employee perceptions of empowerment. Employee relations. 2005; 27(4):354-368.
10-Permarupan PY, Mamun AA, Samy NK, Saufi RA, Hayat N. Effect of psychological empowerment on nurses burnout. The Open Nursing Journal. 2019;13(1):201-10.
11- Gheysari H, Shahvali M, Rezayi Moghaddam K. The study of rural production cooperatives members’ psychological empower in Fars Province. Journal of Rural Research. 2012;3(10):1-20.
12-Hancox JE, Quested E, Ntoumanis N, Thøgersen-Ntoumani C. Putting self-determination theory into practice: Application of adaptive motivational principles in the exercise domain. Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health. 2018;10(1):75-91.
13-Cai Z, Huang Q, Liu H, Wang X. Improving the agility of employees through enterprise social media: The mediating role of psychological conditions. International Journal of Information Management. 2018;38(1):52-63.
14-Li H, Shi Y, Li Y, Xing Z, Wang S, Ying J, et al. Relationship between nurse psychological empowerment and job satisfaction: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Journal of advanced nursing. 2018;74(6):1264-77.
15-Silén M, Skytt B, Engström M. Relationships between structural and psychological empowerment, mediated by person-centred processes and thriving for nursing home staff. Geriatric Nursing. 2019;40(1):67-71.
16-DiNapoli JM, O’Flaherty D, Musil C, Clavelle JT, Fitzpatrick JJ. The relationship of clinical nurses’ perceptions of structural and psychological empowerment and engagement on their unit. The Journal of Nursing Administration. 2016;46(2):95-100.
17-Abel SE, Hand MW, editors. Exploring, defining, and illustrating a concept: Structural and psychological empowerment in the workplace. Nursing forum; 2018;53(4):579-84.
18-Salimi SS, Lolaty HA, Moosazadeh M, Shafipour V. The effect of nursing empowerment on the quality of patient care. Journal of Advanced Pharmacy Education & Research. 2018;8(S2).
19-Zhou H, Chen J. How does psychological empowerment prevent emotional exhaustion? psychological safety and organizational embeddedness as mediators. Frontiers in psychology. 2021:2945.
20-Hampton D, Rayens MK. Impact of psychological empowerment on workplace bullying and intent to leave. JONA: The Journal of Nursing Administration. 2019;49(4):179-85.
21-Connolly M, Jacobs S, Scott K. Clinical leadership, structural empowerment and psychological empowerment of registered nurses working in an emergency department. Journal of nursing management. 2018;26(7):881-7.
22-Azizi SM, Heidarzadi E, Soroush A, Janatolmakan M, Khatony A. Investigation the correlation between psychological empowerment and assertiveness in nursing and midwifery students in Iran. Nurse education in practice. 2020;42:102667.
23-Ibrahim SAEA. Factors affecting assertiveness among student nurses. Nurse Education Today. 2011;31(4):356-60.
24- Avşar F, Alkaya SA. The effectiveness of assertiveness training for school-aged children on bullying and assertiveness level. Journal of Pediatric Nursing. 2017;36:186-90.
25-Oducado RM. Influence of self-esteem, psychological empowerment, and empowering leader behaviors on assertive behaviors of staff nurses. Belitung Nursing Journal. 2021;7(3):179-85.
26-Abbasi S, Masoudi R, Rabiei L, Shahbazi K. The effect of assertiveness program on clinical competence of intensive care units nurses; a randomized clinical trial. Avicenna Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Care. 2019;27(5):293-305.
27-White AH. Clinical decision making among fourth-year nursing students: An interpretive study. Journal of Nursing Education. 2003 ;42(3):113-20.
28-Gambrill ED, Richey CA. An assertion inventory for use in assessment and research. Behav Ther. 1975; 6(4): 550-561.
29-Piri L, Shahraray M. The relationship between ego identity style, self-assertiveness and coping styles. Journal of Psychosocial Research. 2009;4(2):307-20
30-Zerwekh JoAnn. Nursing Today: Transition and Trends. 10th ed: W B Saunders Co; 2022.
31-Khanam S, Abdullahi KO, Sarwar H, Altaf M, editors. The Effect of Assertiveness-Based Programme on Psychological Wellbeing and Work Engagement among Novice Nurses in Psychiatric Department. InMed. Forum 2023 ;34(1): 78.
32-Bostanabad MA, Sahebihagh MH, Asadollahi M, Zakernik M. Psychological empowerment and its relationship with assertiveness skill among nurses in neonatal wards. Cukurova Medical Journal. 2018;43(4):828-34.
33-Şen S, Özkan HA, Avsar E. The Relationship Between Nursing Students’ Psychological Empowerment and Assertiveness. Journal of Academic Research in Nursing. 2022;8(1):29-37.
Reyhane Ghasemian (M.Sc.)1, Zahra Namjou (M.Sc.)2, Zahra Pourmovahed (Ph.D.)3
1.M.Sc, Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
2.M.Sc, Department of Nursing Education, Research Center for Nursing and Midwifery Care, Non-communicable Diseases Research Institute, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
3.Corresponding author: Assistant Professor, Department of Nursing Education, Research Center for Nursing and Midwifery Care, Non-communicable Diseases Research Institute, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences,Yazd, Iran. Email: movahed446@yahoo.com Tel: 09133511600
Abstract
Introduction: Assertiveness in nurses of special care units is of particular importance because of providing complex and critical care to patients. It has an effect on improving the quality of care provided by nurses. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of psychological empowerment training on assertiveness of nurses in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).
Methods: In this semi-experimental study, 27 nurses from the NICU of Shahid Sadoughi Hospital in Yazd, were selected in 2022 based on the census sampling method and participated in psychological empowerment workshop during four one-hour virtual sessions. The intervention was designed by five experienced psychologists and implemented with the researcher and a psychologist. Data was collected using demographic questionnaire and Gambrill and Richie Assertion Inventory Questionnaire, before and two weeks after holding the psychological empowerment training. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26 software and paired t-test and Chi-square test.
Results: After training, the mean score of assertiveness significantly increased from 117/93±36/13 to 149/44±36/31 (P=0/001), which shows the effect of the psychological empowerment training on the level of assertiveness of nurses in the NICU.
Conclusion: After the psychological empowerment training, the assertiveness of nurses working in the NICU increased significantly. In order to improve the quality of care provided to infants and their families, it is necessary for nurses to promote their assertiveness by acquiring psychological empowerment.
Keywords: Psychology, Empowerment, Assertiveness, Nurses, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
References
1-Visiers-Jiménez L, Kuokkanen L, Leino-Kilpi H, Löyttyniemi E, Turjamaa R, Brugnolli A,et al. Graduating Nursing Students’ Empowerment and Related Factors: Comparative Study in Six European Countries. InHealthcare. 2022;10(5):754.
2-Sahebalzamani M, Farahani H. Consideration of empowering nurses and its relationship with organizational culture and patient’s satisfaction of nursing cares. Medical Science Journal of Islamic Azad Univesity-Tehran Medical Branch. 2017;27(2):144-8.
3-Dehghani H, Heidari F, Karimian Kakolaki Z, Salimi T. Critical care nurses' knowledge, attitude and practice in Yazd University of Medical Sciences' teaching hospitals on evidence-based nursing. Community Health Journal. 2017;8(2):56-64.
4-Lyu D, Ji L, Zheng Q, Yu B, Fan Y. Abusive supervision and turnover intention: Mediating effects of psychological empowerment of nurses. International Journal of Nursing Sciences. 2019;6(2):198-203.
5-Babanataj R, Mazdarani S, Hesamzadeh A, Gorji MH, Cherati JY. Resilience training: Effects on occupational stress and resilience of critical care nurses. International journal of nursing practice. 2019;25(1):e12697.
6-Farzi S, Irajpour A, Saghaei M, Ravaghi H. Causes of medication errors in intensive care units from the perspective of healthcare professionals. Journal of research in pharmacy practice. 2017;6(3):158.
7-Ding N, Berry HL, O'Brien LV. One-year reciprocal relationship between community participation and mental wellbeing in Australia: A panel analysis. Social Science & Medicine. 2015;128:246-54.
8-Royan S, Alikhani M, Mohseni M, Alirezaei S, Khosravizadeh O, Moosavi A. Nurses' psychological empowerment in Iran: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Trop Med Public Health. 2017;10(6):1558.
9-Greasley K, Bryman A, Dainty A, Price A, Soetanto R, King N. Employee perceptions of empowerment. Employee relations. 2005; 27(4):354-368.
10-Permarupan PY, Mamun AA, Samy NK, Saufi RA, Hayat N. Effect of psychological empowerment on nurses burnout. The Open Nursing Journal. 2019;13(1):201-10.
11- Gheysari H, Shahvali M, Rezayi Moghaddam K. The study of rural production cooperatives members’ psychological empower in Fars Province. Journal of Rural Research. 2012;3(10):1-20.
12-Hancox JE, Quested E, Ntoumanis N, Thøgersen-Ntoumani C. Putting self-determination theory into practice: Application of adaptive motivational principles in the exercise domain. Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health. 2018;10(1):75-91.
13-Cai Z, Huang Q, Liu H, Wang X. Improving the agility of employees through enterprise social media: The mediating role of psychological conditions. International Journal of Information Management. 2018;38(1):52-63.
14-Li H, Shi Y, Li Y, Xing Z, Wang S, Ying J, et al. Relationship between nurse psychological empowerment and job satisfaction: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Journal of advanced nursing. 2018;74(6):1264-77.
15-Silén M, Skytt B, Engström M. Relationships between structural and psychological empowerment, mediated by person-centred processes and thriving for nursing home staff. Geriatric Nursing. 2019;40(1):67-71.
16-DiNapoli JM, O’Flaherty D, Musil C, Clavelle JT, Fitzpatrick JJ. The relationship of clinical nurses’ perceptions of structural and psychological empowerment and engagement on their unit. The Journal of Nursing Administration. 2016;46(2):95-100.
17-Abel SE, Hand MW, editors. Exploring, defining, and illustrating a concept: Structural and psychological empowerment in the workplace. Nursing forum; 2018;53(4):579-84.
18-Salimi SS, Lolaty HA, Moosazadeh M, Shafipour V. The effect of nursing empowerment on the quality of patient care. Journal of Advanced Pharmacy Education & Research. 2018;8(S2).
19-Zhou H, Chen J. How does psychological empowerment prevent emotional exhaustion? psychological safety and organizational embeddedness as mediators. Frontiers in psychology. 2021:2945.
20-Hampton D, Rayens MK. Impact of psychological empowerment on workplace bullying and intent to leave. JONA: The Journal of Nursing Administration. 2019;49(4):179-85.
21-Connolly M, Jacobs S, Scott K. Clinical leadership, structural empowerment and psychological empowerment of registered nurses working in an emergency department. Journal of nursing management. 2018;26(7):881-7.
22-Azizi SM, Heidarzadi E, Soroush A, Janatolmakan M, Khatony A. Investigation the correlation between psychological empowerment and assertiveness in nursing and midwifery students in Iran. Nurse education in practice. 2020;42:102667.
23-Ibrahim SAEA. Factors affecting assertiveness among student nurses. Nurse Education Today. 2011;31(4):356-60.
24- Avşar F, Alkaya SA. The effectiveness of assertiveness training for school-aged children on bullying and assertiveness level. Journal of Pediatric Nursing. 2017;36:186-90.
25-Oducado RM. Influence of self-esteem, psychological empowerment, and empowering leader behaviors on assertive behaviors of staff nurses. Belitung Nursing Journal. 2021;7(3):179-85.
26-Abbasi S, Masoudi R, Rabiei L, Shahbazi K. The effect of assertiveness program on clinical competence of intensive care units nurses; a randomized clinical trial. Avicenna Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Care. 2019;27(5):293-305.
27-White AH. Clinical decision making among fourth-year nursing students: An interpretive study. Journal of Nursing Education. 2003 ;42(3):113-20.
28-Gambrill ED, Richey CA. An assertion inventory for use in assessment and research. Behav Ther. 1975; 6(4): 550-561.
29-Piri L, Shahraray M. The relationship between ego identity style, self-assertiveness and coping styles. Journal of Psychosocial Research. 2009;4(2):307-20
30-Zerwekh JoAnn. Nursing Today: Transition and Trends. 10th ed: W B Saunders Co; 2022.
31-Khanam S, Abdullahi KO, Sarwar H, Altaf M, editors. The Effect of Assertiveness-Based Programme on Psychological Wellbeing and Work Engagement among Novice Nurses in Psychiatric Department. InMed. Forum 2023 ;34(1): 78.
32-Bostanabad MA, Sahebihagh MH, Asadollahi M, Zakernik M. Psychological empowerment and its relationship with assertiveness skill among nurses in neonatal wards. Cukurova Medical Journal. 2018;43(4):828-34.
33-Şen S, Özkan HA, Avsar E. The Relationship Between Nursing Students’ Psychological Empowerment and Assertiveness. Journal of Academic Research in Nursing. 2022;8(1):29-37.
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Psychology
Received: 2023/04/4 | Accepted: 2023/06/26 | Published: 2023/11/11
Received: 2023/04/4 | Accepted: 2023/06/26 | Published: 2023/11/11
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