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TB 2023, 22(1): 16-31 |
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zareei mahmood abadi H, sedrpoushan N, kalantari M. The effectiveness of grief coping training in a group way in improving the experience of grief caused by covid-19 in women of Yazd city. TB 2023; 22 (1) :16-31
URL: http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-3479-en.html
URL: http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-3479-en.html
Yazd University , zareei_h@yahoo.com
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The effectiveness of grief coping training in a group way in improving the experience of grief caused by covid-19 in women of Yazd city
Maryam Kalantari (Ph.D.)1, Hassan Zareei Mahmood Abadi(Ph.D.)2, Najmah Sedrpoushan (Ph.D.)3
1.Ph.D. Student, Department of Counseling, Faculty of Humanities, Islamic Azad University, Yazd Branch, Yazd, Iran
2.Corresponding Author: Associate Professor, Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran. Email:zareei_h@yahoo.com, Phone:09132571279
3.Assistant Professor,Faculty of Humanities, Islamic Azad University, Yazd Branch, Yazd, Iran;
Abstract
Introduction: The high prevalence of the Covid-19 disease and its rapid infection, the imposition of restrictions, and the high mortality had many negative effects on the psychological and social aspects of bereaved families. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of group counseling to deal with grief caused by Covid-19 regarding mournful women in Yazd.
Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design and a control group. The statistical population consisted of women with grief experience over losing their husbands due to Covid-19 in 2021. Through available sampling method, 30 participants were selected and randomly divided into experimental and control groups. Data was collected through Grief Experience Questionnaire (GEQ) by Barrett and Scott (1998). Moreover, the package of confrontation with mourning, a lived experience of mourning women in Yazd (Kalantari et al., 2021), was performed on the experimental group for ten 90-minute sessions. Covariance with repeated measurements and SPSS version 26 software were used in data analysis.
Results: The research findings showed that the average score of grief experience in the experimental group was significantly lower than control group in posttest droup (p<0.001). Group training and intervention program could improve mourning experience in the experimental group compared to the control group in bereaved women.
Conclusion: Educational intervention based on lived experience of mourning women in Yazd can be used as one of the effective methods to improve mourning experience.
Keywords: Grief, Group Training, Improving Grief Experience, Covid-19
1-Rahmani M. Social Support for the Iranian Family during the Corona virus pandemic: Requirements and solutions. Journal of Iranian Social Studies. 2021;15(3):126-49.
2-Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. The lancet. 2020;395(10223):497-506.
3-Phua J, Weng L, Ling L, Egi M, Lim C-M, Divatia JV, et al. Intensive care management of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): challenges and recommendations. The lancet respiratory medicine. 2020;8(5):506-17.
4-Msemburi W, Karlinsky A, Knutson V, Aleshin-Guendel S, Chatterji S, Wakefield J. The WHO estimates of excess mortality associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. Nature. 2023;613(7942):130-7.
5-Sasanipour M, mohebi meymandi m. Estimation of the level and age-sex patterns of excess mortality during the Covid-19 pandemic in Iran. Population Policy Research. 2022:-.
6-Rosner R. Prolonged grief: Setting the research agenda. European Journal of Psychotraumatology. 2015;6(1):27303.
7-Damia D. Inidividual and Environmental Corrleates of Anxiety in Parentally Bereaved Children 2013.
8-Humphrey KM. Counseling strategies for loss and grief: American Counseling Association Alexandria, VA; 2009.
9-Stroebe M, Schut H, Stroebe W. Health outcomes of bereavement. The Lancet. 2007;370(9603):1960-73.
10-Van der Houwen K, Stroebe M, Schut H, Stroebe W, Van den Bout J. Mediating processes in bereavement: The role of rumination, threatening grief interpretations, and deliberate grief avoidance. Social science & medicine. 2010;71(9):1669-76.
11-John OP, Robins RW, Pervin LA. Handbook of personality. The Guilford Press; 2011.
12-Worden JW. Grief counseling and grief therapy: A handbook for the mental health practitioner: springer publishing Company; 2018.
13-Buglass E. Grief and bereavement theories. Nursing Standard. 2010;24(41).
14-Cohen JA, Mannarino AP, Deblinger E. Treating trauma and traumatic grief in children and adolescents: Guilford Publications; 2016.
15-Moradi M, Fathi D. Effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy on life expectancy and spiritual health of grieved students. Journal of Psychological Studies. 2016;12(3):63-82.
16-Hajighasem A, Anasseri M. Comparison of meaning of life and control of emotions in survivors of victims of Coronavirus and death due to biological causes. Journal of Applied Family Therapy. 2022;2(9):146-61.
17-Alipour Dehaghani F. An Investigation into the Impact of Group Counseling and Treatment of Grief with an Islamic Approach on the Improvement of the Quality of Life of the Holy Shrine Defender Martyrs' Wives. Military Psychology. 2020;11(41):5-16.
18-mousavi Ms. Comparison of the effectiveness of reality therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy on coronary anxiety and the effects of grief during the Covid pandemic 19. Journal of Analytical - Cognitive Psychology. 2022;12(47):113-25.
19-Ravanpoor J, Mahmoudian L, Bagheri P, Babajani Gavzan J. The effectiveness of reality therapy on the experience of grief and psychological resilience among the families of the deceased of Coronavirus. Journal of Applied Family Therapy. 2022;2(9):203-14.
20-Bahrarnt F, SOdanT M, Honarmand M-z. The Effect of Gestalt Therapy on Self-Esteem, Depression, and Loneliness of Depressed Divorced Women. Women's Studies Sociological and Psychological. 2010;8(1):129-45.
21-Soltani M, fateehizade M. The Effectiveness of Compassion-Focused Therapy on Love Trauma Syndrome (Single Case). Journal of Research in Behavioural Sciences. 2022;20(1):9-22.
22-White M, Epston D. Narrative means to therapeutic ends: WW Norton & Company; 1990.
23-Alizadeh S, Taklavi S, Mahmoud Alilou M. Effectiveness of Online Existential Therapy on Attitude toward Life and Perplexities related to Death in Recovered Patients of Covid-19. Research in Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences. 2021;11(1):145-62.
24-Smith EM. Ethnic minorities: Life stress, social support, and mental health issues. The Counseling Psychologist. 1985;13(4):537-79.
25-AHMADI K, Darabi A. The effectiveness of patience training on reducing grief and facilitating posttraumatic growth. 2017.
26-Zhou X, Snoswell CL, Harding LE, Bambling M, Edirippulige S, Bai X, et al. The role of telehealth in reducing the mental health burden from COVID-19. Telemedicine and e-Health. 2020;26(4):377-9.
27-Azim Oghlui Oskooi PB, farahbakhsh k, moradi o. Effective fields the experience of mourning after the death of a family member: A phenomenological study. Counseling Culture and Psycotherapy. 2021;12(45):117-60.
28-Diolaiuti F, Marazziti D, Beatino MF, Mucci F, Pozza A. Impact and consequences of COVID-19 pandemic on complicated grief and persistent complex bereavement disorder. Psychiatry Research. 2021;300:113916.
29-Esmaeilpour K, Bakhshalizadeh Moradi S. The severity of grief reactions following death of first-grade relatives. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology. 2015;20(4):363-71.
30-Navah A, Shahryari M, Boudaghi A. Study of Women's Living Experiences of Corona A Phenomenological Study. Women's Studies Sociological and Psychological. 2021;19(3):79-112.
31-Wallace CL, Wladkowski SP, Gibson A, White P. Grief during the COVID-19 pandemic: considerations for palliative care providers. Journal of pain and symptom management. 2020;60(1):e70-e6.
32-Kalantari M, Zareei Mahmoud Abadi H, Sedrpooshan N. Exploration of lived experiences in mournful spouces by COVID-19 and codified training package efficacy in experiencing mourning. [Thesis]2023.
33-Alaeddini Z, Kajbaf MB, Molavi H. The effects of group hope-therapy on mental health of female students in Isfahan University. 2008.
34-Wuthnow R, Christiano K, Kuzlowski J. Religion and bereavement: A conceptual framework. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion. 1980:408-22.
35-Balk DE, Corr CA. Bereavement during adolescence: A review of research. 2001.
36-Chamani Ghalandari R, Dokaneifard F, Rezaei R. The effectiveness of semantic therapy training on psychological resilience and psychological well-being of mourning women. Shenakht Journal of Psychology and Psychiatry. 2019;6(4):26-36.
37-Dehghan Tezerjani A, Zareei Mahmoodamadi H, Vaziri Yazdi S. Exploring the lived experiences of nurses working in the COVID-19 ward of Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Yazd, Iran: A qualitative study. Occupational Medicine Quarterly Journal. 2022;14(1):4-18.
Maryam Kalantari (Ph.D.)1, Hassan Zareei Mahmood Abadi(Ph.D.)2, Najmah Sedrpoushan (Ph.D.)3
1.Ph.D. Student, Department of Counseling, Faculty of Humanities, Islamic Azad University, Yazd Branch, Yazd, Iran
2.Corresponding Author: Associate Professor, Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran. Email:zareei_h@yahoo.com, Phone:09132571279
3.Assistant Professor,Faculty of Humanities, Islamic Azad University, Yazd Branch, Yazd, Iran;
Abstract
Introduction: The high prevalence of the Covid-19 disease and its rapid infection, the imposition of restrictions, and the high mortality had many negative effects on the psychological and social aspects of bereaved families. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of group counseling to deal with grief caused by Covid-19 regarding mournful women in Yazd.
Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design and a control group. The statistical population consisted of women with grief experience over losing their husbands due to Covid-19 in 2021. Through available sampling method, 30 participants were selected and randomly divided into experimental and control groups. Data was collected through Grief Experience Questionnaire (GEQ) by Barrett and Scott (1998). Moreover, the package of confrontation with mourning, a lived experience of mourning women in Yazd (Kalantari et al., 2021), was performed on the experimental group for ten 90-minute sessions. Covariance with repeated measurements and SPSS version 26 software were used in data analysis.
Results: The research findings showed that the average score of grief experience in the experimental group was significantly lower than control group in posttest droup (p<0.001). Group training and intervention program could improve mourning experience in the experimental group compared to the control group in bereaved women.
Conclusion: Educational intervention based on lived experience of mourning women in Yazd can be used as one of the effective methods to improve mourning experience.
Keywords: Grief, Group Training, Improving Grief Experience, Covid-19
1-Rahmani M. Social Support for the Iranian Family during the Corona virus pandemic: Requirements and solutions. Journal of Iranian Social Studies. 2021;15(3):126-49.
2-Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. The lancet. 2020;395(10223):497-506.
3-Phua J, Weng L, Ling L, Egi M, Lim C-M, Divatia JV, et al. Intensive care management of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): challenges and recommendations. The lancet respiratory medicine. 2020;8(5):506-17.
4-Msemburi W, Karlinsky A, Knutson V, Aleshin-Guendel S, Chatterji S, Wakefield J. The WHO estimates of excess mortality associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. Nature. 2023;613(7942):130-7.
5-Sasanipour M, mohebi meymandi m. Estimation of the level and age-sex patterns of excess mortality during the Covid-19 pandemic in Iran. Population Policy Research. 2022:-.
6-Rosner R. Prolonged grief: Setting the research agenda. European Journal of Psychotraumatology. 2015;6(1):27303.
7-Damia D. Inidividual and Environmental Corrleates of Anxiety in Parentally Bereaved Children 2013.
8-Humphrey KM. Counseling strategies for loss and grief: American Counseling Association Alexandria, VA; 2009.
9-Stroebe M, Schut H, Stroebe W. Health outcomes of bereavement. The Lancet. 2007;370(9603):1960-73.
10-Van der Houwen K, Stroebe M, Schut H, Stroebe W, Van den Bout J. Mediating processes in bereavement: The role of rumination, threatening grief interpretations, and deliberate grief avoidance. Social science & medicine. 2010;71(9):1669-76.
11-John OP, Robins RW, Pervin LA. Handbook of personality. The Guilford Press; 2011.
12-Worden JW. Grief counseling and grief therapy: A handbook for the mental health practitioner: springer publishing Company; 2018.
13-Buglass E. Grief and bereavement theories. Nursing Standard. 2010;24(41).
14-Cohen JA, Mannarino AP, Deblinger E. Treating trauma and traumatic grief in children and adolescents: Guilford Publications; 2016.
15-Moradi M, Fathi D. Effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy on life expectancy and spiritual health of grieved students. Journal of Psychological Studies. 2016;12(3):63-82.
16-Hajighasem A, Anasseri M. Comparison of meaning of life and control of emotions in survivors of victims of Coronavirus and death due to biological causes. Journal of Applied Family Therapy. 2022;2(9):146-61.
17-Alipour Dehaghani F. An Investigation into the Impact of Group Counseling and Treatment of Grief with an Islamic Approach on the Improvement of the Quality of Life of the Holy Shrine Defender Martyrs' Wives. Military Psychology. 2020;11(41):5-16.
18-mousavi Ms. Comparison of the effectiveness of reality therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy on coronary anxiety and the effects of grief during the Covid pandemic 19. Journal of Analytical - Cognitive Psychology. 2022;12(47):113-25.
19-Ravanpoor J, Mahmoudian L, Bagheri P, Babajani Gavzan J. The effectiveness of reality therapy on the experience of grief and psychological resilience among the families of the deceased of Coronavirus. Journal of Applied Family Therapy. 2022;2(9):203-14.
20-Bahrarnt F, SOdanT M, Honarmand M-z. The Effect of Gestalt Therapy on Self-Esteem, Depression, and Loneliness of Depressed Divorced Women. Women's Studies Sociological and Psychological. 2010;8(1):129-45.
21-Soltani M, fateehizade M. The Effectiveness of Compassion-Focused Therapy on Love Trauma Syndrome (Single Case). Journal of Research in Behavioural Sciences. 2022;20(1):9-22.
22-White M, Epston D. Narrative means to therapeutic ends: WW Norton & Company; 1990.
23-Alizadeh S, Taklavi S, Mahmoud Alilou M. Effectiveness of Online Existential Therapy on Attitude toward Life and Perplexities related to Death in Recovered Patients of Covid-19. Research in Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences. 2021;11(1):145-62.
24-Smith EM. Ethnic minorities: Life stress, social support, and mental health issues. The Counseling Psychologist. 1985;13(4):537-79.
25-AHMADI K, Darabi A. The effectiveness of patience training on reducing grief and facilitating posttraumatic growth. 2017.
26-Zhou X, Snoswell CL, Harding LE, Bambling M, Edirippulige S, Bai X, et al. The role of telehealth in reducing the mental health burden from COVID-19. Telemedicine and e-Health. 2020;26(4):377-9.
27-Azim Oghlui Oskooi PB, farahbakhsh k, moradi o. Effective fields the experience of mourning after the death of a family member: A phenomenological study. Counseling Culture and Psycotherapy. 2021;12(45):117-60.
28-Diolaiuti F, Marazziti D, Beatino MF, Mucci F, Pozza A. Impact and consequences of COVID-19 pandemic on complicated grief and persistent complex bereavement disorder. Psychiatry Research. 2021;300:113916.
29-Esmaeilpour K, Bakhshalizadeh Moradi S. The severity of grief reactions following death of first-grade relatives. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology. 2015;20(4):363-71.
30-Navah A, Shahryari M, Boudaghi A. Study of Women's Living Experiences of Corona A Phenomenological Study. Women's Studies Sociological and Psychological. 2021;19(3):79-112.
31-Wallace CL, Wladkowski SP, Gibson A, White P. Grief during the COVID-19 pandemic: considerations for palliative care providers. Journal of pain and symptom management. 2020;60(1):e70-e6.
32-Kalantari M, Zareei Mahmoud Abadi H, Sedrpooshan N. Exploration of lived experiences in mournful spouces by COVID-19 and codified training package efficacy in experiencing mourning. [Thesis]2023.
33-Alaeddini Z, Kajbaf MB, Molavi H. The effects of group hope-therapy on mental health of female students in Isfahan University. 2008.
34-Wuthnow R, Christiano K, Kuzlowski J. Religion and bereavement: A conceptual framework. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion. 1980:408-22.
35-Balk DE, Corr CA. Bereavement during adolescence: A review of research. 2001.
36-Chamani Ghalandari R, Dokaneifard F, Rezaei R. The effectiveness of semantic therapy training on psychological resilience and psychological well-being of mourning women. Shenakht Journal of Psychology and Psychiatry. 2019;6(4):26-36.
37-Dehghan Tezerjani A, Zareei Mahmoodamadi H, Vaziri Yazdi S. Exploring the lived experiences of nurses working in the COVID-19 ward of Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Yazd, Iran: A qualitative study. Occupational Medicine Quarterly Journal. 2022;14(1):4-18.
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Counseling
Received: 2022/12/11 | Accepted: 2024/03/4 | Published: 2023/04/30
Received: 2022/12/11 | Accepted: 2024/03/4 | Published: 2023/04/30
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