Volume 22, Issue 2 (7-2023)
TB 2023, 22(2): 1-14 |
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Research code: 10353
Ethics code: 0000-0002-5861-1520
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khosravi V, rokhforouz F, mazloomy S, Rastjoo S. The Role of Awareness, Attitude and Performance of Students of Yazd City in Acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine in 2021. TB 2023; 22 (2) :1-14
URL: http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-3475-en.html
URL: http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-3475-en.html
Shaheed Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences , saeiderastjoo@yahoo.com
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The Role of Awareness, Attitude and Performance of Students of Yazd City in Acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine in 1400
Vahid khosravi (Ph.D.)1, Fatema Rokhforouz(Ph.D.)1, Seyed Saeed Mazloomy- Mahmood abad(Ph.D.)2, Saeide Rastjoo(Ph.D.)3
1.Ph.D. Student of Health Education, School of Health, Shaheed Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
2. Professor, Department of Health Education and Promotion, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
3. Corresponding Author: Ph.D. Student of Health Education, School of Health, Shaheed Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. Email: saeiderastjoo@yahoo.com Tel: 03533122801
Abstract
Introduction: Preventive behaviors are among the most important strategies to fight against COVID-19. The level of awareness, attitude and performance of people towards COVID-19 is of great importance in accepting or doubting to receive the vaccine. The purpose of the current research is to investigate the role of awareness, attitude and performance of COVID-19 regarding the acceptance of the vaccine among university students in Yazd.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional and descriptive-analytical study based on the web. The studied population included university students in Yazd city. 392 students were selected by available sampling method. The questionnaires were completed online. To collect data, a standard questionnaire of awareness, attitude, performance, and acceptance of the vaccine was used. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis through SPSS 20 software.
Results: The results showed that the level of awareness, attitude and performance of female students was significantly higher than male students (p<0/05). The vaccine's acceptance level had no significant relationship with demographic characteristics. Also, the average score of awareness, attitude and performance of students who accepted the vaccine was higher than the students who did not believe in the vaccine; but, this result was not statistically significant (p<0/05).
Conclusion: Considering the important role of people's awareness, attitude and performance towards COVID-19 in disease prevention, it seems that other factors such as the benefits and risks of the vaccine and the level of people's trust in the government and their country had an effect on the acceptance of the vaccine.
Keywords: Awareness, Attitude, Performance, Vaccine Acceptance, COVID-19
References
1.Saadat SH, Shahyad S, Asadi MM. Predicting the Rate of Preventive Behaviors based on Levels of Exposure to COVID-19, Risk Perception and COVID-19 Anxiety in Students and Staff of Military University of Medical Sciences: A Cross-sectional Study. Journal of Marine Medicine.2021;3(4):57-64.
2.Browning MH, Larson LR, Sharaievska I, Rigolon A, McAnirlin O, Mullenbach L, et al. Psychological impacts from COVID-19 among university students: Risk factors across seven states in the United States. PloS one. 2021;16(1):e0245327.
3.Saberi A, Ashraf A, Saadat S, Nabatchi Ahmadi T, Hatamian H. The Relationship between COVID- 19 Anxiety and Academic Burnout with the Moderating role of Academic Commitment in Medical Students. Research in Medical Education. 2022;14(2):29-37.
4.Wester ER, Walsh LL, Arango-Caro S, Callis-Duehl KL. Student engagement declines in STEM undergraduates during COVID-19–driven remote learning. Journal of microbiology & biology education. 2021;22(1):ev22i1. 2385.
5.World Health Organization. Is there a vaccine, drug or treatment for COVID-19? 2020 [Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/q-a-detail/q-a-coronaviruses.
6.Team E. The epidemiological characteristics of an outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19)—China, 2020. China CDC weekly. 2020;2(8):113.
7.Olfatifar M, Houri H, Shojaee S, Pourhoseingholi MA, Al-Ali W, Luca B, et al. The Required Confronting Approaches Efficacy and Time to Control Iranian COVID-19 Outbreak. Archives of Clinical Infectious Diseases. (In Press).
8.Ajilore K, Atakiti I, Onyenankeya K. College students’ knowledge, attitudes and adherence to public service announcements on Ebola in Nigeria: Suggestions for improving future Ebola prevention education programmes. Health Education Journal. 2017;76(6):648-60.
9.Tachfouti N, Slama K, Berraho M, Nejjari C. The impact of knowledge and attitudes on adherence to tuberculosis treatment: a case-control study in a Moroccan region. Pan African Medical Journal. 2012;12(1).
10.Blendon RJ, Benson JM, DesRoches CM, Raleigh E, Taylor-Clark K. The public's response to severe acute respiratory syndrome in Toronto and the United States. Clinical infectious diseases. 2004;38(7):925-31.
11.Koirala A, Joo YJ, Khatami A, Chiu C, Britton PN. Vaccines for COVID-19: The current state of play. Paediatric respiratory reviews. 2020;35:43-9.
12.Mazumder A, Kalanidhi KB, Sarkar S, Ranjan P, Sahu A, Kaur T, et al. Psycho-social and behavioural impact of COVID 19 on young adults: Qualitative research comprising focused group discussion and in-depth interviews. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews. 2021.
13.Kheirabadi Z, Soltanabadi S, Jamshid Mofid P, Gavahi S, Ghasemi M, Alimehdi M. Predicting covid-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitation based on psychological resilience and positive and negative affect. Journal of Marine Medicine. 2021;3(4):5-12.
14.Wirsiy FS, Nkfusai CN, Ako-Arrey DE, Dongmo EK, Manjong FT, Cumber SN. Acceptability of COVID-19 Vaccine in Africa. International Journal of Maternal and Child Health and AIDS. 2021;10(1):134.
15.Abdelhafiz AS, Mohammed Z, Ibrahim ME, Ziady HH, Alorabi M, Ayyad M, et al. Knowledge, perceptions, and attitude of Egyptians towards the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Journal of community health. 2020;45:881-90.
16.Wang W, Wu Q, Yang J, Dong K, Chen X, Bai X, et al. Global, regional, and national estimates of target population sizes for covid-19 vaccination: descriptive study. bmj. 2020;371.
17.Bagheri Sheykhangafshe F. COVID-19 Vaccination: Challenges and Opportunities. Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences. 2022;20(11):1289-94.
18.Rahmanian M, Inaloo R, Golestan F, Esmaealpour N, Kalani N, Meidarnezhad M, et al. Survey of knowledge, attitude and practice of medical staff in relation to the new corona virus (COVID-19). Horizons of Medical Education Development. 2021;12(3):11-22.
19.Reiter PL, Pennell ML, Katz ML. Acceptability of a COVID-19 vaccine among adults in the United States: How many people would get vaccinated? Vaccine. 2020;38(42):6500-7.
20.Alqudeimat Y, Alenezi D, AlHajri B, Alfouzan H, Almokhaizeem Z, Altamimi S, et al. Acceptance of a COVID-19 vaccine and its related determinants among the general adult population in Kuwait. Medical Principles and Practice. 2021.
21.Alzoubi H, Alnawaiseh N, Al-Mnayyis Aa, Abu-Lubad M, Aqel A, Al-Shagahin H. COVID-19-knowledge, attitude and practice among medical and non-medical University Students in Jordan. J Pure Appl Microbiol. 2020;14(1):17-24.
22.Huang Y, Xu S, Wang L, Zhao Y, Liu H, Yao D, et al. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding Zika: paper-and internet-based survey in Zhejiang, China. JMIR Public Health and Surveillance. 2017;3(4):e7663.
23.Kakemam E, Ghoddoosi-Nejad D, Chegini Z, Momeni K, Salehiniya H, Hassanipour S, et al. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices among the general population during COVID-19 outbreak in Iran: a national cross-sectional online survey. Frontiers in Public Health. 2020;8:585302.
24.Rahmanian M, Dorodchi A, Zarenezhad M, Hatami N, Javdani F, Kalani N. Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Students of Jahrom University of medical sciences to the new coronavirus (Covid-19). Medical journal of mashhad university of medical sciences. 2020;63(3):2359-69.
25.Zhong B-L, Luo W, Li H-M, Zhang Q-Q, Liu X-G, Li W-T, et al. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards COVID-19 among Chinese residents during the rapid rise period of the COVID-19 outbreak: a quick online cross-sectional survey. International journal of biological sciences. 2020;16(10):1745.
26.Maheshwari S, Gupta PK, Sinha R, Rawat P. Knowledge, attitude, and practice towards coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among medical students: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Acute Disease. 2020;9(3):100.
27.Wadood MA, Mamun A, Rafi MA, Islam MK, Mohd S, Lee LL, et al. Knowledge, attitude, practice and perception regarding COVID-19 among students in Bangladesh: Survey in Rajshahi University. Medrxiv. 2020:2020.04. 21.20074757.
28.Riad A, Huang Y, Zheng L, Elavsky S. COVID-19 induced anxiety and protective behaviors during COVID-19 outbreak: Scale development and validation. MedRxiv. 2020:2020.05. 05.20050419.
29.Muslih M, Susanti HD, Rias YA, Chung M-H. Knowledge, attitude, and practice of indonesian residents toward covid-19: A cross-sectional survey. International journal of environmental research and public health. 2021;18(9):4473.
30.Anaam MS, Alsahali S. Gender Differences in Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices toward COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Diseases. 2023;11(2):63.
31.Paul A, Sikdar D, Hossain MM, Amin MR, Deeba F, Mahanta J, et al. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward the novel coronavirus among Bangladeshis: Implications for mitigation measures. PloS one. 2020;15(9):e0238492.
32.Luo Y-F, Chen L-C, Yang S-C, Hong S. Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) toward COVID-19 Pandemic among the public in Taiwan: A cross-sectional study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022;19(5):2784.
33.Alqudeimat Y, Alenezi D, AlHajri B, Alfouzan H, Almokhaizeem Z, Altamimi S, et al. Acceptance of a COVID-19 vaccine and its related determinants among the general adult population in Kuwait. Medical Principles and Practice. 2021;30(3):262-71.
34.Qattan AM, Alshareef N, Alsharqi O, Al Rahahleh N, Chirwa GC, Al-Hanawi MK. Acceptability of a COVID-19 vaccine among healthcare workers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Frontiers in Medicine. 2021;8:644300.
35.Paul E, Steptoe A, Fancourt D. Attitudes towards vaccines and intention to vaccinate against COVID-19: Implications for public health communications. The Lancet Regional Health-Europe. 2021;1:100012.
36.Rahimi Kahkashi S, Adeli OA. Knowledge and Attitude of Iranian People Towards COVID-19 Vaccines and Related Factors. Journal of Modern Medical Information Sciences. 2022;8(1):36-47.
Vahid khosravi (Ph.D.)1, Fatema Rokhforouz(Ph.D.)1, Seyed Saeed Mazloomy- Mahmood abad(Ph.D.)2, Saeide Rastjoo(Ph.D.)3
1.Ph.D. Student of Health Education, School of Health, Shaheed Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
2. Professor, Department of Health Education and Promotion, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
3. Corresponding Author: Ph.D. Student of Health Education, School of Health, Shaheed Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. Email: saeiderastjoo@yahoo.com Tel: 03533122801
Abstract
Introduction: Preventive behaviors are among the most important strategies to fight against COVID-19. The level of awareness, attitude and performance of people towards COVID-19 is of great importance in accepting or doubting to receive the vaccine. The purpose of the current research is to investigate the role of awareness, attitude and performance of COVID-19 regarding the acceptance of the vaccine among university students in Yazd.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional and descriptive-analytical study based on the web. The studied population included university students in Yazd city. 392 students were selected by available sampling method. The questionnaires were completed online. To collect data, a standard questionnaire of awareness, attitude, performance, and acceptance of the vaccine was used. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis through SPSS 20 software.
Results: The results showed that the level of awareness, attitude and performance of female students was significantly higher than male students (p<0/05). The vaccine's acceptance level had no significant relationship with demographic characteristics. Also, the average score of awareness, attitude and performance of students who accepted the vaccine was higher than the students who did not believe in the vaccine; but, this result was not statistically significant (p<0/05).
Conclusion: Considering the important role of people's awareness, attitude and performance towards COVID-19 in disease prevention, it seems that other factors such as the benefits and risks of the vaccine and the level of people's trust in the government and their country had an effect on the acceptance of the vaccine.
Keywords: Awareness, Attitude, Performance, Vaccine Acceptance, COVID-19
References
1.Saadat SH, Shahyad S, Asadi MM. Predicting the Rate of Preventive Behaviors based on Levels of Exposure to COVID-19, Risk Perception and COVID-19 Anxiety in Students and Staff of Military University of Medical Sciences: A Cross-sectional Study. Journal of Marine Medicine.2021;3(4):57-64.
2.Browning MH, Larson LR, Sharaievska I, Rigolon A, McAnirlin O, Mullenbach L, et al. Psychological impacts from COVID-19 among university students: Risk factors across seven states in the United States. PloS one. 2021;16(1):e0245327.
3.Saberi A, Ashraf A, Saadat S, Nabatchi Ahmadi T, Hatamian H. The Relationship between COVID- 19 Anxiety and Academic Burnout with the Moderating role of Academic Commitment in Medical Students. Research in Medical Education. 2022;14(2):29-37.
4.Wester ER, Walsh LL, Arango-Caro S, Callis-Duehl KL. Student engagement declines in STEM undergraduates during COVID-19–driven remote learning. Journal of microbiology & biology education. 2021;22(1):ev22i1. 2385.
5.World Health Organization. Is there a vaccine, drug or treatment for COVID-19? 2020 [Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/q-a-detail/q-a-coronaviruses.
6.Team E. The epidemiological characteristics of an outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19)—China, 2020. China CDC weekly. 2020;2(8):113.
7.Olfatifar M, Houri H, Shojaee S, Pourhoseingholi MA, Al-Ali W, Luca B, et al. The Required Confronting Approaches Efficacy and Time to Control Iranian COVID-19 Outbreak. Archives of Clinical Infectious Diseases. (In Press).
8.Ajilore K, Atakiti I, Onyenankeya K. College students’ knowledge, attitudes and adherence to public service announcements on Ebola in Nigeria: Suggestions for improving future Ebola prevention education programmes. Health Education Journal. 2017;76(6):648-60.
9.Tachfouti N, Slama K, Berraho M, Nejjari C. The impact of knowledge and attitudes on adherence to tuberculosis treatment: a case-control study in a Moroccan region. Pan African Medical Journal. 2012;12(1).
10.Blendon RJ, Benson JM, DesRoches CM, Raleigh E, Taylor-Clark K. The public's response to severe acute respiratory syndrome in Toronto and the United States. Clinical infectious diseases. 2004;38(7):925-31.
11.Koirala A, Joo YJ, Khatami A, Chiu C, Britton PN. Vaccines for COVID-19: The current state of play. Paediatric respiratory reviews. 2020;35:43-9.
12.Mazumder A, Kalanidhi KB, Sarkar S, Ranjan P, Sahu A, Kaur T, et al. Psycho-social and behavioural impact of COVID 19 on young adults: Qualitative research comprising focused group discussion and in-depth interviews. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews. 2021.
13.Kheirabadi Z, Soltanabadi S, Jamshid Mofid P, Gavahi S, Ghasemi M, Alimehdi M. Predicting covid-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitation based on psychological resilience and positive and negative affect. Journal of Marine Medicine. 2021;3(4):5-12.
14.Wirsiy FS, Nkfusai CN, Ako-Arrey DE, Dongmo EK, Manjong FT, Cumber SN. Acceptability of COVID-19 Vaccine in Africa. International Journal of Maternal and Child Health and AIDS. 2021;10(1):134.
15.Abdelhafiz AS, Mohammed Z, Ibrahim ME, Ziady HH, Alorabi M, Ayyad M, et al. Knowledge, perceptions, and attitude of Egyptians towards the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Journal of community health. 2020;45:881-90.
16.Wang W, Wu Q, Yang J, Dong K, Chen X, Bai X, et al. Global, regional, and national estimates of target population sizes for covid-19 vaccination: descriptive study. bmj. 2020;371.
17.Bagheri Sheykhangafshe F. COVID-19 Vaccination: Challenges and Opportunities. Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences. 2022;20(11):1289-94.
18.Rahmanian M, Inaloo R, Golestan F, Esmaealpour N, Kalani N, Meidarnezhad M, et al. Survey of knowledge, attitude and practice of medical staff in relation to the new corona virus (COVID-19). Horizons of Medical Education Development. 2021;12(3):11-22.
19.Reiter PL, Pennell ML, Katz ML. Acceptability of a COVID-19 vaccine among adults in the United States: How many people would get vaccinated? Vaccine. 2020;38(42):6500-7.
20.Alqudeimat Y, Alenezi D, AlHajri B, Alfouzan H, Almokhaizeem Z, Altamimi S, et al. Acceptance of a COVID-19 vaccine and its related determinants among the general adult population in Kuwait. Medical Principles and Practice. 2021.
21.Alzoubi H, Alnawaiseh N, Al-Mnayyis Aa, Abu-Lubad M, Aqel A, Al-Shagahin H. COVID-19-knowledge, attitude and practice among medical and non-medical University Students in Jordan. J Pure Appl Microbiol. 2020;14(1):17-24.
22.Huang Y, Xu S, Wang L, Zhao Y, Liu H, Yao D, et al. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding Zika: paper-and internet-based survey in Zhejiang, China. JMIR Public Health and Surveillance. 2017;3(4):e7663.
23.Kakemam E, Ghoddoosi-Nejad D, Chegini Z, Momeni K, Salehiniya H, Hassanipour S, et al. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices among the general population during COVID-19 outbreak in Iran: a national cross-sectional online survey. Frontiers in Public Health. 2020;8:585302.
24.Rahmanian M, Dorodchi A, Zarenezhad M, Hatami N, Javdani F, Kalani N. Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Students of Jahrom University of medical sciences to the new coronavirus (Covid-19). Medical journal of mashhad university of medical sciences. 2020;63(3):2359-69.
25.Zhong B-L, Luo W, Li H-M, Zhang Q-Q, Liu X-G, Li W-T, et al. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards COVID-19 among Chinese residents during the rapid rise period of the COVID-19 outbreak: a quick online cross-sectional survey. International journal of biological sciences. 2020;16(10):1745.
26.Maheshwari S, Gupta PK, Sinha R, Rawat P. Knowledge, attitude, and practice towards coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among medical students: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Acute Disease. 2020;9(3):100.
27.Wadood MA, Mamun A, Rafi MA, Islam MK, Mohd S, Lee LL, et al. Knowledge, attitude, practice and perception regarding COVID-19 among students in Bangladesh: Survey in Rajshahi University. Medrxiv. 2020:2020.04. 21.20074757.
28.Riad A, Huang Y, Zheng L, Elavsky S. COVID-19 induced anxiety and protective behaviors during COVID-19 outbreak: Scale development and validation. MedRxiv. 2020:2020.05. 05.20050419.
29.Muslih M, Susanti HD, Rias YA, Chung M-H. Knowledge, attitude, and practice of indonesian residents toward covid-19: A cross-sectional survey. International journal of environmental research and public health. 2021;18(9):4473.
30.Anaam MS, Alsahali S. Gender Differences in Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices toward COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Diseases. 2023;11(2):63.
31.Paul A, Sikdar D, Hossain MM, Amin MR, Deeba F, Mahanta J, et al. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward the novel coronavirus among Bangladeshis: Implications for mitigation measures. PloS one. 2020;15(9):e0238492.
32.Luo Y-F, Chen L-C, Yang S-C, Hong S. Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) toward COVID-19 Pandemic among the public in Taiwan: A cross-sectional study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022;19(5):2784.
33.Alqudeimat Y, Alenezi D, AlHajri B, Alfouzan H, Almokhaizeem Z, Altamimi S, et al. Acceptance of a COVID-19 vaccine and its related determinants among the general adult population in Kuwait. Medical Principles and Practice. 2021;30(3):262-71.
34.Qattan AM, Alshareef N, Alsharqi O, Al Rahahleh N, Chirwa GC, Al-Hanawi MK. Acceptability of a COVID-19 vaccine among healthcare workers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Frontiers in Medicine. 2021;8:644300.
35.Paul E, Steptoe A, Fancourt D. Attitudes towards vaccines and intention to vaccinate against COVID-19: Implications for public health communications. The Lancet Regional Health-Europe. 2021;1:100012.
36.Rahimi Kahkashi S, Adeli OA. Knowledge and Attitude of Iranian People Towards COVID-19 Vaccines and Related Factors. Journal of Modern Medical Information Sciences. 2022;8(1):36-47.
Type of Study: Research |
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Received: 2022/12/18 | Accepted: 2023/03/5 | Published: 2023/07/22
Received: 2022/12/18 | Accepted: 2023/03/5 | Published: 2023/07/22
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