Volume 22, Issue 1 (4-2023)
TB 2023, 22(1): 32-46 |
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Ethics code: IR.SSU.SPH.REC.1401.039
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Rezaee Aderiani E, Soltani T, Mazloumi Mahmoud Abad S S, Madidizadeh F, Sharif Yazdi M. Preventive Covid-19 behavior among Youth using the health belief model in Khomeyni Shahr, Isfahan. TB 2023; 22 (1) :32-46
URL: http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-3417-en.html
URL: http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-3417-en.html
Ebrahim Rezaee Aderiani 
, Tahereh Soltani * 
, Seyed Saeed Mazloumi Mahmoud Abad , Farzan Madidizadeh , Mohammad Sharif Yazdi
, Tahereh Soltani * , Seyed Saeed Mazloumi Mahmoud Abad , Farzan Madidizadeh , Mohammad Sharif Yazdi
Yazd University of Medical Sciences , soltanitahere@gmail.com
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Preventive Covid-19 behavior among Youth using the health belief model in Khomeyni Shahr, Isfahan
Ebrahim Rezaei Aderiani (M.Sc)1, Seyed Saeed Mazloomy Mahmoodabad(Ph.D.)2, Tahere Soltani(Ph.D.)3, Farzan Maddizadeh(Ph.D.)4, Mohammad Sharif Yazdi(M.D)5
1.M.Sc. student of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
2. Professor, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
3. Corresponding author: Assistant Professor, Department of Health Education & Health Promotion, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran,Email:Soltanitahere@Gmail.Com, 09132738329
4. Assistant Professor, Departments of biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of public health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
5. Assistant professor of infectious diseases and tropical medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Abstract
Introduction: COVID-19 virus infected all the countries of the world in less than a few months due to its high contagion, so it has become necessary to promote preventive behaviors of the disease in correct health plans for its prevention and control. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of determining the preventive behaviors of COVID-19 among youth using the health belief model.
Methods: This descriptive-cross-sectional study was conducted on 412 youth people aged 18-30 years in Khomeyni shahr of Isfahan province. The data was collected using a standardized researcher-made questionnaire based on the health belief model using convenience sampling method. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS 22 software.
Results: Preventive behaviors and obstacles for doing them were more in women than in men. A positive and significant correlation was observed between age, education level, and preventive behaviors of COVID-19. There was a positive and significant correlation between preventive behaviors of Covid-19 with perceived sensitivity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and self-efficacy. Meanwhile, the strongest correlation in this study was between self-efficacy and perceived benefits.
Conclusion: According to the findings of the research and the relationship between the constructs of the health belief model and the preventive behaviors of the COVID-19 disease in young people, it seems that the methods based on the health belief model to increase the preventive behaviors of the COVID-19, especially in men, are effective and recommended. It is also suggested that changing self-efficacy and perceived benefits constructs should be prioritized in the design of future interventions to promote preventive behaviors of COVID-19 in young people.
Keywords: Preventive Behaviors, COVID-19, Youth, Health Belief Model
References
1-Chan JF, Kok KH, Zhu Z, et al. Genomic characterization of the 2019 novel human-pathogenic coronavirus isolated from a patient with atypical pneumonia after visiting Wuhan. Emerging microbes & infections. 2020;9(1):221-236.
2 -Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, et al. A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019. New England journal of medicine. 2020;382(8):727-733
3- Wu F, Zhao S, Yu B, et al. A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China. Nature. 2020;579(7798):265-269.
4- Chen N, Zhou M, Dong X, et al. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. The lancet. 2020;395(10223):507-513.
5- Zhou F, Yu T, Du R, et al. Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. The lancet. 2020;395(10229):1054-1062.
6-Wang Y, Lu X, Li Y, et al. Clinical course and outcomes of 344 intensive care patients with COVID-19. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine. 2020;201(11):1430-1434.
7-https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200729-covid-19-sitrep-191.pdf?sfvrsn=2c327e9e_2.
8- Abdi M. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in Iran: Actions and problems. Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology. 2020;41(6):754-755. [Persian]
9- Dorigatti I, Okell L, Cori A, et al. Report 4: severity of 2019-novel coronavirus (nCoV). Imperial College London, London. 2020.
10-Ganbari A. The issue of quality of youth. Quarterly of Social Studies and Research in Iran. 2015;3(4):667-696. [Persian]
11-EzatiRad R, Mohseni S, Takhti HK, et al. Predicting COVID-19 Preventive Behaviors based onProtection Motivation Theory in Hormozgan, Iran. 2020:doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-51301/v1
12-Pourghaznein T, Salati S, Jamali J.Study of Behaviors and Psychological Indicators in IranianMedical Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic Self-Quarantine. Journal of Health Literacy. 2021;6(1):61-71.
13- ShojayizadeD. Health Education Models.: Ministryof Health and Medical Education; 2000. [Persian]
14- Shahnazi H, Ahmadi-Livani M, Pahlavanzadeh B, , et al. Assessing preventive health behaviors from COVID-19 based on the health belief model (HBM) among people in Golestan province: a cross-sectional study in Northern Iran. 2020 Nov 17;9(1):157. doi: 10.1186/s40249-020-00776-2. [Persian]
15- Barakat AM, Kasemy ZA. Preventive health behaviours during coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic based on health belief model among Egyptians. Middle East Current Psychiatry. 2020;27(1):1-9. [Persian]
16- Fathian-Dastgerdi Z, Tavakoli B, Jaleh M. Factors associated with preventive behaviors of COVID-19 among adolescents: Applying the health belief model. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy. 2021;17(10):1786-1790. [Persian]
17- Karijo E, Wamugi S, Lemanyishoe S, et al. Knowledge, attitudes, practices, and the effects of COVID-19 among the youth in Kenya. BMC Public Health. 2021;21(1):1-13.
18- Kim Y-J, Cho J-H. Correlation between preventive health behaviors and psycho-social health based on the leisure activities of South Koreans in the COVID-19 crisis. International journal of environmental research and public health. 2020;17(11):4066.
19- Tajeri moghadam M, Zobeidy T, Yazdanpanah M. Analysis of preventive behaviors in dealing with corona virus case: rural areas of Dashtestan city. Space Economics and Rural Development. 2020;9(33):1-24. [Persian]
20- teymoury yeganeh, L., Karami, H.Investigating COVID-19 Preventive Behaviors Based on Health Belief Model. Environmental Health. 2021;7(2):183-190. [Persian]
21- Khazaee-Pool M, Shahrousvand S, Naghibi SA. Predicting Covid-19 preventive behaviors based on health belief model: An Internet-based study in Mazandaran province, Iran. Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. 2020;30(190):56-66. [Persian]
22- Nasirzadeh M, Aligol M. Assessmentof knowledge, attitude, and factors associated with the preventive behaviors of COVID-19 in Qom, Iran, in 2020. Qom University of Medical Sciences Journal. 2020;14(7):50-57. [Persian]
23- Khafaie M, Mahjoob B, Mojadam M. Evaluation of Preventive Behaviors of Corona Virus (Covid 2019) Among Family Health Ambassadors of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences in 2020 Using the Health Belief Model. Jundishapur Scientific Medical Journal. 2021;20(2):150-161. [Persian]
24- Fahime Pourhaji, Fatemeh pourhaji, Peyman N. Encounter corona virus based on health belief model: A cross-sectional study. 2021;64(4). [Persian]
25- Velavan TP, Meyer CG. The COVID‐19 epidemic. Tropical medicine & international health. 2020;25(3):278.
26-Alves RF, Samorinha C, Precioso J. Knowledge, attitudes and preventive behaviors toward COVID-19: a study among higher education students in Portugal. Journal of Health Research. 2020; 35(4), 318-328.
27-Nakhaeizadeh A, Mohammadi S. Assessing the Level of Engagement in Preventive Behaviors and COVID-19 Related Anxiety in Iranian Adults. Avicenna J Nurs Midwifery Care 2021; 29 (2) :160-170 URL: http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-2237-fa.html .[Persian]
28-Danesh E. A comparison of happiness, physical and mental health in male and female students’ married and single of university. J Appl Psychol. 2011;4:56–71. [Persian]
29-Mahindarathne PP. Assessing COVID-19 preventive behaviours using the health belief model: A Sri Lankan study. Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences. 2021;16(6):914-419.
Ebrahim Rezaei Aderiani (M.Sc)1, Seyed Saeed Mazloomy Mahmoodabad(Ph.D.)2, Tahere Soltani(Ph.D.)3, Farzan Maddizadeh(Ph.D.)4, Mohammad Sharif Yazdi(M.D)5
1.M.Sc. student of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
2. Professor, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
3. Corresponding author: Assistant Professor, Department of Health Education & Health Promotion, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran,Email:Soltanitahere@Gmail.Com, 09132738329
4. Assistant Professor, Departments of biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of public health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
5. Assistant professor of infectious diseases and tropical medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Abstract
Introduction: COVID-19 virus infected all the countries of the world in less than a few months due to its high contagion, so it has become necessary to promote preventive behaviors of the disease in correct health plans for its prevention and control. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of determining the preventive behaviors of COVID-19 among youth using the health belief model.
Methods: This descriptive-cross-sectional study was conducted on 412 youth people aged 18-30 years in Khomeyni shahr of Isfahan province. The data was collected using a standardized researcher-made questionnaire based on the health belief model using convenience sampling method. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS 22 software.
Results: Preventive behaviors and obstacles for doing them were more in women than in men. A positive and significant correlation was observed between age, education level, and preventive behaviors of COVID-19. There was a positive and significant correlation between preventive behaviors of Covid-19 with perceived sensitivity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and self-efficacy. Meanwhile, the strongest correlation in this study was between self-efficacy and perceived benefits.
Conclusion: According to the findings of the research and the relationship between the constructs of the health belief model and the preventive behaviors of the COVID-19 disease in young people, it seems that the methods based on the health belief model to increase the preventive behaviors of the COVID-19, especially in men, are effective and recommended. It is also suggested that changing self-efficacy and perceived benefits constructs should be prioritized in the design of future interventions to promote preventive behaviors of COVID-19 in young people.
Keywords: Preventive Behaviors, COVID-19, Youth, Health Belief Model
References
1-Chan JF, Kok KH, Zhu Z, et al. Genomic characterization of the 2019 novel human-pathogenic coronavirus isolated from a patient with atypical pneumonia after visiting Wuhan. Emerging microbes & infections. 2020;9(1):221-236.
2 -Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, et al. A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019. New England journal of medicine. 2020;382(8):727-733
3- Wu F, Zhao S, Yu B, et al. A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China. Nature. 2020;579(7798):265-269.
4- Chen N, Zhou M, Dong X, et al. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. The lancet. 2020;395(10223):507-513.
5- Zhou F, Yu T, Du R, et al. Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. The lancet. 2020;395(10229):1054-1062.
6-Wang Y, Lu X, Li Y, et al. Clinical course and outcomes of 344 intensive care patients with COVID-19. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine. 2020;201(11):1430-1434.
7-https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200729-covid-19-sitrep-191.pdf?sfvrsn=2c327e9e_2.
8- Abdi M. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in Iran: Actions and problems. Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology. 2020;41(6):754-755. [Persian]
9- Dorigatti I, Okell L, Cori A, et al. Report 4: severity of 2019-novel coronavirus (nCoV). Imperial College London, London. 2020.
10-Ganbari A. The issue of quality of youth. Quarterly of Social Studies and Research in Iran. 2015;3(4):667-696. [Persian]
11-EzatiRad R, Mohseni S, Takhti HK, et al. Predicting COVID-19 Preventive Behaviors based onProtection Motivation Theory in Hormozgan, Iran. 2020:doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-51301/v1
12-Pourghaznein T, Salati S, Jamali J.Study of Behaviors and Psychological Indicators in IranianMedical Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic Self-Quarantine. Journal of Health Literacy. 2021;6(1):61-71.
13- ShojayizadeD. Health Education Models.: Ministryof Health and Medical Education; 2000. [Persian]
14- Shahnazi H, Ahmadi-Livani M, Pahlavanzadeh B, , et al. Assessing preventive health behaviors from COVID-19 based on the health belief model (HBM) among people in Golestan province: a cross-sectional study in Northern Iran. 2020 Nov 17;9(1):157. doi: 10.1186/s40249-020-00776-2. [Persian]
15- Barakat AM, Kasemy ZA. Preventive health behaviours during coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic based on health belief model among Egyptians. Middle East Current Psychiatry. 2020;27(1):1-9. [Persian]
16- Fathian-Dastgerdi Z, Tavakoli B, Jaleh M. Factors associated with preventive behaviors of COVID-19 among adolescents: Applying the health belief model. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy. 2021;17(10):1786-1790. [Persian]
17- Karijo E, Wamugi S, Lemanyishoe S, et al. Knowledge, attitudes, practices, and the effects of COVID-19 among the youth in Kenya. BMC Public Health. 2021;21(1):1-13.
18- Kim Y-J, Cho J-H. Correlation between preventive health behaviors and psycho-social health based on the leisure activities of South Koreans in the COVID-19 crisis. International journal of environmental research and public health. 2020;17(11):4066.
19- Tajeri moghadam M, Zobeidy T, Yazdanpanah M. Analysis of preventive behaviors in dealing with corona virus case: rural areas of Dashtestan city. Space Economics and Rural Development. 2020;9(33):1-24. [Persian]
20- teymoury yeganeh, L., Karami, H.Investigating COVID-19 Preventive Behaviors Based on Health Belief Model. Environmental Health. 2021;7(2):183-190. [Persian]
21- Khazaee-Pool M, Shahrousvand S, Naghibi SA. Predicting Covid-19 preventive behaviors based on health belief model: An Internet-based study in Mazandaran province, Iran. Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. 2020;30(190):56-66. [Persian]
22- Nasirzadeh M, Aligol M. Assessmentof knowledge, attitude, and factors associated with the preventive behaviors of COVID-19 in Qom, Iran, in 2020. Qom University of Medical Sciences Journal. 2020;14(7):50-57. [Persian]
23- Khafaie M, Mahjoob B, Mojadam M. Evaluation of Preventive Behaviors of Corona Virus (Covid 2019) Among Family Health Ambassadors of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences in 2020 Using the Health Belief Model. Jundishapur Scientific Medical Journal. 2021;20(2):150-161. [Persian]
24- Fahime Pourhaji, Fatemeh pourhaji, Peyman N. Encounter corona virus based on health belief model: A cross-sectional study. 2021;64(4). [Persian]
25- Velavan TP, Meyer CG. The COVID‐19 epidemic. Tropical medicine & international health. 2020;25(3):278.
26-Alves RF, Samorinha C, Precioso J. Knowledge, attitudes and preventive behaviors toward COVID-19: a study among higher education students in Portugal. Journal of Health Research. 2020; 35(4), 318-328.
27-Nakhaeizadeh A, Mohammadi S. Assessing the Level of Engagement in Preventive Behaviors and COVID-19 Related Anxiety in Iranian Adults. Avicenna J Nurs Midwifery Care 2021; 29 (2) :160-170 URL: http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-2237-fa.html .[Persian]
28-Danesh E. A comparison of happiness, physical and mental health in male and female students’ married and single of university. J Appl Psychol. 2011;4:56–71. [Persian]
29-Mahindarathne PP. Assessing COVID-19 preventive behaviours using the health belief model: A Sri Lankan study. Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences. 2021;16(6):914-419.
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Received: 2022/11/9 | Accepted: 2023/03/5 | Published: 2023/04/30
Received: 2022/11/9 | Accepted: 2023/03/5 | Published: 2023/04/30
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