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Ahmadiardakani Z, zareimahmodabadi H, Kalateh Sadati A. Validation and Development of the Iranian Family Instability Scale based on the Lived Experience of Women Who Experienced Extramarital Relationship: A Mixed Method Study. TB 2022; 21 (1) :70-85
URL: http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-3306-en.html
URL: http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-3306-en.html
yazd university , zare_h@g,ail.com
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Validation and Development of the Iranian Family Instability Scale based on the Lived Experience of Women Who Experienced Extramarital Relationship: A Mixed Method Study
Zahra Ahmadi Ardakani(Ph.D.)1, Hassan Zarei Mahmoud Abadi (P.hD.)2, Ahmad Kalateh Sadati (P.hD.)3
1.PhD student in Family Counseling, Azad University, Yazd, Branch .
2.Corresponding Author:Associate professor,department of Psychology,Yazd university,Yazd,Iran. Email :zareei_h@yahoo.com Tel:3531233570
3. Faculty member of Social Sciences Department, Faculty of Humanities, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
Abstract
Introduction: Various studies have cited several reasons for the instability of the Iranian family, but what was missing was a native scale for such studies. Therefore, this study aims to validate the Iranian family instability scale based on the lived experience of women who experienced extramarital relationships.
Method: The present study utilized a mixed method. In the qualitative part of the study, semi-structured interviews were used to examine the lived experience of women who experienced extramarital relationships. The statistical population of the present study was women with extramarital affairs who referred to counseling centers in Yazd in 2020. By multi-stage cluster sampling, 540 subjects were selected. In this study, the marital adjustment and attitudes toward infidelity questionnaires were used.
Results: Exploratory factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha method, concurrent validity, and confirmatory factor analysis were used to investigate the factors extracted from the interviews, the reliability, the validity of the scale, and also the fit of the research conceptual model, respectively.
Conclusion: The results identify Iranian family instability factors in three levels and five subscales, including maternal role and religious myths, parenting knowledge, self-esteem and feelings of inferiority, relationship and aesthetic challenges, and apostasy and pre-relationship relationships. They are measured in a 35-question scale called "Iranian Family Instability Scale". The results of the present study show that the instrument of Iranian family instability has good validity and reliability and Cronbach's alpha of the whole scale is equal to 0.89.
Keywords: Extramarital Affairs, Iranian Family Instability, Women.
4-Apostolou M. Why Greek-Cypriots cheat? The evolutionary origins of the Big-Five of infidelity. Evolutionary Behavioral Sciences.2019;13(1):71.
5-Conroy A,McKenna SA, Comfort ML, Darbes. Marital infidelity, food insecurity, and couple instability: A web of challenges for dyadic coordination around antiretroviral therapy. Social Science & Medicine.2018;(21)4:10-17.
6-Shackelford TK, Besser A, Goetz AT. Personality, marital satisfaction, and probability of marital infidelity. Individual differences research. 2008; 6(1).
7-Balderrama-Durbin C, Stanton K, Snyder DK, et al. The risk for marital infidelity across a year-long deployment. Journal of Family Psychology. 2017; 31(5); 629.
8-Fincham FD, May RW. Infidelity in romantic relationships. Current opinion in psychology. 2017; (13):70-4.
9-Allen ES, Atkins DC, Baucom DH, et al. Intrapersonal, interpersonal, and contextual factors in engaging in and responding to extramarital involvement. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice. 2005; 12(2);101.
10-Rodrigues D, Lopes D, Pereira M. Sociosexuality, commitment, sexual infidelity, and perceptions of infidelity: Data from the second love web site. The Journal of Sex Research. 2017; 54(2): 241-53.
11-Moller NP, Vossler A. Defining infidelity in research and couple counseling: A qualitative study. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy. 2015;41(5): 487-97.
12-Scuka RF. A clinicians guide to helping couples heal from the trauma of infidelity. Journal of Couple & Relationship Therapy.2015; 14(2): 141-68.
13-Olson JR, Marshall JP, Goddard HW, Schramm DG. Shared religious beliefs, prayer, and expansion opportunities: Effects on relationship satisfaction in long-term couples. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships.2015;32(3):368-85.
14-Fallahzadeh H, Sanaei Zakir B, Farzad V. Evaluation of the effectiveness of emotion-focused couple therapy and integrated couple therapy on reducing couples intimacy anxiety. Family research.2011;8(32):465-84.
15-Ali Tabar SH, Ghanbari S, Habibi M. Investigating the relationship between premarital sex and attitudes toward extramarital affairs. Family research. 2012; 10 (38): 255-67.
16-Ghanji H. Personality Assessment (Questionnaire). 2006; Savalan Publication.
17-Afshari Kashanian O, Zahrakar K, Mohsenzadeh F,et al. Identifying the underlying factors of marital infidelity in women. Consulting research. 1999; 18(71): 122-56.
Zahra Ahmadi Ardakani(Ph.D.)1, Hassan Zarei Mahmoud Abadi (P.hD.)2, Ahmad Kalateh Sadati (P.hD.)3
1.PhD student in Family Counseling, Azad University, Yazd, Branch .
2.Corresponding Author:Associate professor,department of Psychology,Yazd university,Yazd,Iran. Email :zareei_h@yahoo.com Tel:3531233570
3. Faculty member of Social Sciences Department, Faculty of Humanities, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
Abstract
Introduction: Various studies have cited several reasons for the instability of the Iranian family, but what was missing was a native scale for such studies. Therefore, this study aims to validate the Iranian family instability scale based on the lived experience of women who experienced extramarital relationships.
Method: The present study utilized a mixed method. In the qualitative part of the study, semi-structured interviews were used to examine the lived experience of women who experienced extramarital relationships. The statistical population of the present study was women with extramarital affairs who referred to counseling centers in Yazd in 2020. By multi-stage cluster sampling, 540 subjects were selected. In this study, the marital adjustment and attitudes toward infidelity questionnaires were used.
Results: Exploratory factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha method, concurrent validity, and confirmatory factor analysis were used to investigate the factors extracted from the interviews, the reliability, the validity of the scale, and also the fit of the research conceptual model, respectively.
Conclusion: The results identify Iranian family instability factors in three levels and five subscales, including maternal role and religious myths, parenting knowledge, self-esteem and feelings of inferiority, relationship and aesthetic challenges, and apostasy and pre-relationship relationships. They are measured in a 35-question scale called "Iranian Family Instability Scale". The results of the present study show that the instrument of Iranian family instability has good validity and reliability and Cronbach's alpha of the whole scale is equal to 0.89.
Keywords: Extramarital Affairs, Iranian Family Instability, Women.
Reference
1-Garbinsky EN, Gladstone JJ, Nikolova H, Olson JG. Love, lies, and money: Financial infidelity in romantic relationships. Journal of Consumer Research.2020;47(1):1-24.
2-Isma MNP, Turnip SS. Personality traits and marital satisfaction in predicting couples’ attitudes toward infidelity. Journal of Relationships Research.2019; 10.
3-Chi P, Tang Y, Worthington EL, et al. Intrapersonal and interpersonal facilitators of forgiveness following spousal infidelity: A stress and coping perspective. Journal of clinical psychology. 2019; 75(10):1896-915.1-Garbinsky EN, Gladstone JJ, Nikolova H, Olson JG. Love, lies, and money: Financial infidelity in romantic relationships. Journal of Consumer Research.2020;47(1):1-24.
2-Isma MNP, Turnip SS. Personality traits and marital satisfaction in predicting couples’ attitudes toward infidelity. Journal of Relationships Research.2019; 10.
4-Apostolou M. Why Greek-Cypriots cheat? The evolutionary origins of the Big-Five of infidelity. Evolutionary Behavioral Sciences.2019;13(1):71.
5-Conroy A,McKenna SA, Comfort ML, Darbes. Marital infidelity, food insecurity, and couple instability: A web of challenges for dyadic coordination around antiretroviral therapy. Social Science & Medicine.2018;(21)4:10-17.
6-Shackelford TK, Besser A, Goetz AT. Personality, marital satisfaction, and probability of marital infidelity. Individual differences research. 2008; 6(1).
7-Balderrama-Durbin C, Stanton K, Snyder DK, et al. The risk for marital infidelity across a year-long deployment. Journal of Family Psychology. 2017; 31(5); 629.
8-Fincham FD, May RW. Infidelity in romantic relationships. Current opinion in psychology. 2017; (13):70-4.
9-Allen ES, Atkins DC, Baucom DH, et al. Intrapersonal, interpersonal, and contextual factors in engaging in and responding to extramarital involvement. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice. 2005; 12(2);101.
10-Rodrigues D, Lopes D, Pereira M. Sociosexuality, commitment, sexual infidelity, and perceptions of infidelity: Data from the second love web site. The Journal of Sex Research. 2017; 54(2): 241-53.
11-Moller NP, Vossler A. Defining infidelity in research and couple counseling: A qualitative study. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy. 2015;41(5): 487-97.
12-Scuka RF. A clinicians guide to helping couples heal from the trauma of infidelity. Journal of Couple & Relationship Therapy.2015; 14(2): 141-68.
13-Olson JR, Marshall JP, Goddard HW, Schramm DG. Shared religious beliefs, prayer, and expansion opportunities: Effects on relationship satisfaction in long-term couples. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships.2015;32(3):368-85.
14-Fallahzadeh H, Sanaei Zakir B, Farzad V. Evaluation of the effectiveness of emotion-focused couple therapy and integrated couple therapy on reducing couples intimacy anxiety. Family research.2011;8(32):465-84.
15-Ali Tabar SH, Ghanbari S, Habibi M. Investigating the relationship between premarital sex and attitudes toward extramarital affairs. Family research. 2012; 10 (38): 255-67.
16-Ghanji H. Personality Assessment (Questionnaire). 2006; Savalan Publication.
17-Afshari Kashanian O, Zahrakar K, Mohsenzadeh F,et al. Identifying the underlying factors of marital infidelity in women. Consulting research. 1999; 18(71): 122-56.
Type of Study: Research |
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Received: 2022/02/13 | Accepted: 2022/02/20 | Published: 2022/05/31
Received: 2022/02/13 | Accepted: 2022/02/20 | Published: 2022/05/31
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