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TB 2023, 22(2): 44-58 |
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Research code: 5144
Ethics code: IR.SSU.SPH.REC.1398.148
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morowatisharifabad M, Nasiriani K, naimi dehnavi A. Understanding the Elderly's Needs and Services regarding Services in Public Spaces in Yazd. TB 2023; 22 (2) :44-58
URL: http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-3025-en.html
URL: http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-3025-en.html
Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences , a.naimy2590@gmail.com
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Understanding the Elderly's Needs and Services regarding Services in Public Spaces in Yazd
Mohammad Ali Morowatisharifabad (Ph.D.)1 , Khadijeh Nasiriani (Ph.D.)2, Ashraf Naimi Dehnavi (M.Sc.)3
1.Professor, Elderly health Research center, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
2.Professor,Reaserch Center For Nursing and Midwiert Care, Nursing & Midwifery College, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
3.Corresponding Author: M.Sc in Health Education. International Campus college, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. Email: a.naimy2590@gmail.com Tel:09139682590
Abstract
Introduction: Active aging is among the important concepts of health influenced by effective public services; understanding adults' needs and services are of great importance. This study aims to explain understanding older adults' needs for services in public places in Yazd city.
Methods: This qualitative study was done as conventional content analysis. Participants were 20 elderly people from Yazd selected by purposive sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Data analysis was done in three levels of open coding and formation of sub categories and main categories. The study was evaluated and approved by four criteria of creditability, tranformability, reliability, and confirmability.
Results: In total, 564 open codes were extracted. Then, primary codes were compared based on similarity, compatibility, and appropriateness, and 66 subclasses were obtained. 14 main categories were obtained by compressing the subcategories. The 8 main categories regarding different services included: healthcare, recreational, government agencies, transportation, communication and interaction, educational and research, religious and pilgrimage. In addition, regarding the older adults' needs, the 6 main categories included: improving the safety of places; providing effective education, mental, spiritual and social health development programs; improving services quality, reorganizing municipal services and provision of amenities.
Conclusion: Paying attention to the needs of the elderly is necessary in planning for public spaces in cities. Regarding the need for comprehensiveness of services, it is suggested that the findings of this study be used in designing, implementing, and evaluating services in public places to their service needs and solve their problems.
Keywords: Elderly, Services, Public Spaces, Need
References
1.Shirazi M, Manoochehri H, Zagheri Tafreshi M, Zayeri F. Development and psychometric evaluation of chronic pain acceptance instrument in the elderly. Anesthesiology and Pain.2015;5(4):33-47.
2.Mirzaei M, Shams Ghahfarokhi M. Demography of Elder Population in Iran Over the Period 1956 To 2006. Salmand: Iranian Journal of Ageing.2007;2(3):326-31.
3.Noordzij JM, Beenackers MA, Diez Roux AV, van Lenthe FJ. Age-friendly cities: challenges for future research. Bull World Health Organ.2019;97(6):436-7.
4.Organization WH. Developing an ethical framework for healthy ageing: report of a WHO meeting, Tübingen, Germany, 18 March 2017. World Health Organization, 2017.
5.Riesenfeld MJ, Newcomber RJ, Berlant PV, Dempsey WA. Perceptions of public service needs: the urban elderly and the public agency. Gerontologist.1972;12(2):185-90.
6.Zhou J, Mao X, Wang Y, Zhang M, Dong S. Risk Assessment in Urban Large-Scale Public Spaces Using Dempster-Shafer Theory: An Empirical Study in Ningbo, China. Int J Environ Res Public Health.2019;16(16).
7.Xu H, Li Y, Wang L. Resilience Assessment of Complex Urban Public Spaces. Int J Environ Res Public Health.2020;17(2).
8.Khaledian N, Daghilzadeh Y. City Smash with the Elderly Evaluating senior's needs in public spaces Case Study: Laleh Park (Tehran, Iran). Spatial - Locational Researches.2018;2(1):125-.
9.Soldo BJ, ChF L. Social and Physical Environments for the Vulnerable Aged. The Social and Built Environment in an Older Society. Washington DC: National Academy of Sciences.; 1988.
10.Teo P. Space to grow old in: the availability of public spaces for elderly persons in Singapore. Urban Studies.1997;34(3):419-39.
11.Weijs-Perree M, Dane G, van den Berg P, van Dorst M. A Multi-Level Path Analysis of the Relationships between the Momentary Experience Characteristics, Satisfaction with Urban Public Spaces, and Momentary- and Long-Term Subjective Wellbeing. Int J Environ Res Public Health.2019;16(19).
12.Hjort M, Martin WM, Stewart T, Troelsen J. Design of Urban Public Spaces: Intent vs. Reality. Int J Environ Res Public Health.2018;15(4).
13.Shariat F, Moradi F, Ghahramani R. Study of Social, Cultural, Economic, Well-Being, and Urban Structure Needs of Tehran Seniors Association Members. Iranian Journal of Ageing.2016;10(38):8-25.
14.Saldov M. Chinese elderly in public housing: A challenge for mainstream housing and community service providers. Journal of cross-cultural gerontology.1996;11(4):335-50.
15.Riesenfeld MJ, Newcomer RJ, Berlant PV, Dempsey WA. Perceptions of public service needs: The urban elderly and the public agency. The Gerontologist.1972;12(2_Part_1):185-90.
16.Borghi AC, Alvarez AM, Marcon SS, Carreira L. Cultural singularities: indigenous elderly access to Public Health Service. Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP.2015;49(4):0589-95.
17.Lloyd-Sherlock P, Kalache A, Kirkwood T, McKee M, Prince M. WHO's proposal for a decade of healthy ageing. The Lancet.2019;394(10215):2152-3.
18.Keating N. A research framework for the United Nations Decade of Healthy Ageing (2021–2030). European journal of ageing .2022;19(3):775-87.
19.Rudnicka E, Napierała P, Podfigurna A, Męczekalski B, Smolarczyk R, Grymowicz M. The World Health Organization (WHO) approach to healthy ageing. Maturitas.2020;139(1):6-11.
20.McGregor SL, Murnane JA. Paradigm, methodology and method: Intellectual integrity in consumer scholarship. International journal of consumer studies.2010;34(4):419-27.
21.Elo S, Kääriäinen M, Kanste O, Pölkki T, Utriainen K, Kyngäs H. Qualitative content analysis: A focus on trustworthiness. SAGE open.2014;4(1):2158244014522633.
22.Tajvar M, Yaseri M, Karami B, Mohammadi M. Pattern of Outpatient Health Service Utilization by Older People in Iran. Salmand: Iranian Journal of Ageing.2021;15(4):410-27.
23.barahmand r, Bagherian Farahabadi M, Naghshbandi S. Interior design’s requirements of sport equipment and facilities for aged people. Journal of Gerontology.2018;3(1):14-26.
24.Shahabedin I, Mahmoud J, Ali Khaksari R. The Needs and Problems of the Elderly in Urban Areas:A Case Study of Central Qom. Research Journal on Social Work.2015;2(6):1-41.
25.Momeni M, Hariri n, Nobahar M, Noshinfard F. Older adults experiences of online social interactions: A phenomenological study. Koomesh journal.2018;20(2):336-49.
26.karimi H, Torabi Chafjiri R, Sum S, Shirinkam F. The Effect of Health Promoting Lifestyle Training on Elderly Happiness. Journal of Gerontology.2020;5(2):10-2.
27.Elika P, Mahnaz Ali Akbari D, Tayyebeh M. A Comparison between the Feeling of Loneliness and Feeling of Meaningfulness of the Life of the Old at the Different Level of Religious Attitudes. Ravanshenasi Va Din.2013;5(4):41.
28.Montazerolhodjah M, Sharifnejad M, Rajabi M. Assessment of the Effect of Physical Components of Urban Spaces on Sense of Security from the Viewpoint of the Elderly (Case Study: Khan Square, Yazd City). Journal of Iranian Architecture and Urbanism.2018;9(15):91-105.
29.isalou s, j m, kh a. The Needs and Problems of the Elderly in Urban Areas: A Case Study of Central Qom Shahabedin Isalou[1] , Mahmoud Jomehpoor[2] , Ali Khaksari Rafsanjani[3] Resived: 01/07/2016 Accepted: 17/05/2017. A Research Journal on Social Work.2015;2(6):1-41.
30.Khalkhali A. The Lived Experience of Elderly of Effectiveness of Received Training in Grand Rehabilitation Center of Tonekabon. Journal of Geriatric Nursing.2016;3(1):27-37.
31.Arabzadeh M, Pirsaghi F, Kavosian J, Amani K, Pour YA. Investigating the structural relationship between basic psychological needs and subjective well-being with mental health in older adults. Journal Of Gerontology.2000;2(2):1-10.
32.Moeini M. The effect of an Islamic spiritual program on life satisfaction of elderly patients with hypertension. Journal of Clinical Nursing and Midwifery.2016;4(4):93-103.
33.Zahediasl M, Darvishifard A. Social Factors Influencing The Social Health of The Elderly in Kouhdasht. Social Development & Welfare Planing.2016;7(26):9-32.
34.Gholipour Z, Gholipour L, Hajnabi K, Mahmoodi M. The Role of Psychological Empowerment in the Prediction of Psychological Well - Being in Health Care Workers ran. Journal of Health Management.2019;10(2):61-72.
35.kia k, Mirabi VR, Mozafari A. The Relationship between Customer Relationship Management, Service Quality and Satisfaction in Service Organizations (The Case of Nursing Homes). Jounal of Marketing Management.2016;11(31):49-65.
36.Fariba S, Fatemeh M, Reza G. Study of Social, Cultural, Economic, Well-Being, and Urban Structure Needs of Tehran Seniors Association Members. Iranian Journal of Ageing.2016;10(38):8-25.
37.Herranz-Pascual K, Aspuru I, Iraurgi I, Santander A, Eguiguren JL, Garcia I. Going beyond Quietness: Determining the Emotionally Restorative Effect of Acoustic Environments in Urban Open Public Spaces. Int J Environ Res Public Health.2019;16(7).
38.Yung EHK, Conejos S, Chan EHW. Social needs of the elderly and active aging in public open spaces in urban renewal. Cities.2016;52(Supplement C):114-22.
39.Camenga DR, Brady SS, Hardacker CT, Williams BR, Hebert-Beirne J, James AS, et al. U.S. Adolescent and Adult Women's Experiences Accessing and Using Toilets in Schools, Workplaces, and Public Spaces: A Multi-Site Focus Group Study to Inform Future Research in Bladder Health. Int J Environ Res Public Health.2019;16(18).
Mohammad Ali Morowatisharifabad (Ph.D.)1 , Khadijeh Nasiriani (Ph.D.)2, Ashraf Naimi Dehnavi (M.Sc.)3
1.Professor, Elderly health Research center, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
2.Professor,Reaserch Center For Nursing and Midwiert Care, Nursing & Midwifery College, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
3.Corresponding Author: M.Sc in Health Education. International Campus college, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. Email: a.naimy2590@gmail.com Tel:09139682590
Abstract
Introduction: Active aging is among the important concepts of health influenced by effective public services; understanding adults' needs and services are of great importance. This study aims to explain understanding older adults' needs for services in public places in Yazd city.
Methods: This qualitative study was done as conventional content analysis. Participants were 20 elderly people from Yazd selected by purposive sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Data analysis was done in three levels of open coding and formation of sub categories and main categories. The study was evaluated and approved by four criteria of creditability, tranformability, reliability, and confirmability.
Results: In total, 564 open codes were extracted. Then, primary codes were compared based on similarity, compatibility, and appropriateness, and 66 subclasses were obtained. 14 main categories were obtained by compressing the subcategories. The 8 main categories regarding different services included: healthcare, recreational, government agencies, transportation, communication and interaction, educational and research, religious and pilgrimage. In addition, regarding the older adults' needs, the 6 main categories included: improving the safety of places; providing effective education, mental, spiritual and social health development programs; improving services quality, reorganizing municipal services and provision of amenities.
Conclusion: Paying attention to the needs of the elderly is necessary in planning for public spaces in cities. Regarding the need for comprehensiveness of services, it is suggested that the findings of this study be used in designing, implementing, and evaluating services in public places to their service needs and solve their problems.
Keywords: Elderly, Services, Public Spaces, Need
References
1.Shirazi M, Manoochehri H, Zagheri Tafreshi M, Zayeri F. Development and psychometric evaluation of chronic pain acceptance instrument in the elderly. Anesthesiology and Pain.2015;5(4):33-47.
2.Mirzaei M, Shams Ghahfarokhi M. Demography of Elder Population in Iran Over the Period 1956 To 2006. Salmand: Iranian Journal of Ageing.2007;2(3):326-31.
3.Noordzij JM, Beenackers MA, Diez Roux AV, van Lenthe FJ. Age-friendly cities: challenges for future research. Bull World Health Organ.2019;97(6):436-7.
4.Organization WH. Developing an ethical framework for healthy ageing: report of a WHO meeting, Tübingen, Germany, 18 March 2017. World Health Organization, 2017.
5.Riesenfeld MJ, Newcomber RJ, Berlant PV, Dempsey WA. Perceptions of public service needs: the urban elderly and the public agency. Gerontologist.1972;12(2):185-90.
6.Zhou J, Mao X, Wang Y, Zhang M, Dong S. Risk Assessment in Urban Large-Scale Public Spaces Using Dempster-Shafer Theory: An Empirical Study in Ningbo, China. Int J Environ Res Public Health.2019;16(16).
7.Xu H, Li Y, Wang L. Resilience Assessment of Complex Urban Public Spaces. Int J Environ Res Public Health.2020;17(2).
8.Khaledian N, Daghilzadeh Y. City Smash with the Elderly Evaluating senior's needs in public spaces Case Study: Laleh Park (Tehran, Iran). Spatial - Locational Researches.2018;2(1):125-.
9.Soldo BJ, ChF L. Social and Physical Environments for the Vulnerable Aged. The Social and Built Environment in an Older Society. Washington DC: National Academy of Sciences.; 1988.
10.Teo P. Space to grow old in: the availability of public spaces for elderly persons in Singapore. Urban Studies.1997;34(3):419-39.
11.Weijs-Perree M, Dane G, van den Berg P, van Dorst M. A Multi-Level Path Analysis of the Relationships between the Momentary Experience Characteristics, Satisfaction with Urban Public Spaces, and Momentary- and Long-Term Subjective Wellbeing. Int J Environ Res Public Health.2019;16(19).
12.Hjort M, Martin WM, Stewart T, Troelsen J. Design of Urban Public Spaces: Intent vs. Reality. Int J Environ Res Public Health.2018;15(4).
13.Shariat F, Moradi F, Ghahramani R. Study of Social, Cultural, Economic, Well-Being, and Urban Structure Needs of Tehran Seniors Association Members. Iranian Journal of Ageing.2016;10(38):8-25.
14.Saldov M. Chinese elderly in public housing: A challenge for mainstream housing and community service providers. Journal of cross-cultural gerontology.1996;11(4):335-50.
15.Riesenfeld MJ, Newcomer RJ, Berlant PV, Dempsey WA. Perceptions of public service needs: The urban elderly and the public agency. The Gerontologist.1972;12(2_Part_1):185-90.
16.Borghi AC, Alvarez AM, Marcon SS, Carreira L. Cultural singularities: indigenous elderly access to Public Health Service. Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP.2015;49(4):0589-95.
17.Lloyd-Sherlock P, Kalache A, Kirkwood T, McKee M, Prince M. WHO's proposal for a decade of healthy ageing. The Lancet.2019;394(10215):2152-3.
18.Keating N. A research framework for the United Nations Decade of Healthy Ageing (2021–2030). European journal of ageing .2022;19(3):775-87.
19.Rudnicka E, Napierała P, Podfigurna A, Męczekalski B, Smolarczyk R, Grymowicz M. The World Health Organization (WHO) approach to healthy ageing. Maturitas.2020;139(1):6-11.
20.McGregor SL, Murnane JA. Paradigm, methodology and method: Intellectual integrity in consumer scholarship. International journal of consumer studies.2010;34(4):419-27.
21.Elo S, Kääriäinen M, Kanste O, Pölkki T, Utriainen K, Kyngäs H. Qualitative content analysis: A focus on trustworthiness. SAGE open.2014;4(1):2158244014522633.
22.Tajvar M, Yaseri M, Karami B, Mohammadi M. Pattern of Outpatient Health Service Utilization by Older People in Iran. Salmand: Iranian Journal of Ageing.2021;15(4):410-27.
23.barahmand r, Bagherian Farahabadi M, Naghshbandi S. Interior design’s requirements of sport equipment and facilities for aged people. Journal of Gerontology.2018;3(1):14-26.
24.Shahabedin I, Mahmoud J, Ali Khaksari R. The Needs and Problems of the Elderly in Urban Areas:A Case Study of Central Qom. Research Journal on Social Work.2015;2(6):1-41.
25.Momeni M, Hariri n, Nobahar M, Noshinfard F. Older adults experiences of online social interactions: A phenomenological study. Koomesh journal.2018;20(2):336-49.
26.karimi H, Torabi Chafjiri R, Sum S, Shirinkam F. The Effect of Health Promoting Lifestyle Training on Elderly Happiness. Journal of Gerontology.2020;5(2):10-2.
27.Elika P, Mahnaz Ali Akbari D, Tayyebeh M. A Comparison between the Feeling of Loneliness and Feeling of Meaningfulness of the Life of the Old at the Different Level of Religious Attitudes. Ravanshenasi Va Din.2013;5(4):41.
28.Montazerolhodjah M, Sharifnejad M, Rajabi M. Assessment of the Effect of Physical Components of Urban Spaces on Sense of Security from the Viewpoint of the Elderly (Case Study: Khan Square, Yazd City). Journal of Iranian Architecture and Urbanism.2018;9(15):91-105.
29.isalou s, j m, kh a. The Needs and Problems of the Elderly in Urban Areas: A Case Study of Central Qom Shahabedin Isalou[1] , Mahmoud Jomehpoor[2] , Ali Khaksari Rafsanjani[3] Resived: 01/07/2016 Accepted: 17/05/2017. A Research Journal on Social Work.2015;2(6):1-41.
30.Khalkhali A. The Lived Experience of Elderly of Effectiveness of Received Training in Grand Rehabilitation Center of Tonekabon. Journal of Geriatric Nursing.2016;3(1):27-37.
31.Arabzadeh M, Pirsaghi F, Kavosian J, Amani K, Pour YA. Investigating the structural relationship between basic psychological needs and subjective well-being with mental health in older adults. Journal Of Gerontology.2000;2(2):1-10.
32.Moeini M. The effect of an Islamic spiritual program on life satisfaction of elderly patients with hypertension. Journal of Clinical Nursing and Midwifery.2016;4(4):93-103.
33.Zahediasl M, Darvishifard A. Social Factors Influencing The Social Health of The Elderly in Kouhdasht. Social Development & Welfare Planing.2016;7(26):9-32.
34.Gholipour Z, Gholipour L, Hajnabi K, Mahmoodi M. The Role of Psychological Empowerment in the Prediction of Psychological Well - Being in Health Care Workers ran. Journal of Health Management.2019;10(2):61-72.
35.kia k, Mirabi VR, Mozafari A. The Relationship between Customer Relationship Management, Service Quality and Satisfaction in Service Organizations (The Case of Nursing Homes). Jounal of Marketing Management.2016;11(31):49-65.
36.Fariba S, Fatemeh M, Reza G. Study of Social, Cultural, Economic, Well-Being, and Urban Structure Needs of Tehran Seniors Association Members. Iranian Journal of Ageing.2016;10(38):8-25.
37.Herranz-Pascual K, Aspuru I, Iraurgi I, Santander A, Eguiguren JL, Garcia I. Going beyond Quietness: Determining the Emotionally Restorative Effect of Acoustic Environments in Urban Open Public Spaces. Int J Environ Res Public Health.2019;16(7).
38.Yung EHK, Conejos S, Chan EHW. Social needs of the elderly and active aging in public open spaces in urban renewal. Cities.2016;52(Supplement C):114-22.
39.Camenga DR, Brady SS, Hardacker CT, Williams BR, Hebert-Beirne J, James AS, et al. U.S. Adolescent and Adult Women's Experiences Accessing and Using Toilets in Schools, Workplaces, and Public Spaces: A Multi-Site Focus Group Study to Inform Future Research in Bladder Health. Int J Environ Res Public Health.2019;16(18).
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Received: 2020/02/21 | Accepted: 2020/12/20 | Published: 2023/07/22
Received: 2020/02/21 | Accepted: 2020/12/20 | Published: 2023/07/22
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