@article{ author = {Fallahzadeh, Hossein and Jahanaraei, Zahra and Askarishahi, Mohse}, title = {Comparison of Efficiency in Generalized Poisson Regression Model and the Standard Poisson Regression Model in analyzing Fertility Behavior among Women, Kashan, 2012}, abstract ={Introduction: Different statistical methods can be used to analyze fertility data. When the response variable is discrete, Poisson model is applied. If the condition does not hold for the Poisson model, its generalized model will be applied. The goal of this study was to compare the efficiency of generalized Poisson regression model with the standard Poisson regression model in estimating the coefficient of effective factors onthe current number of children. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study carried out on a populationof married women within the age range of15-49 years in Kashan, Iran. The cluster sampling method was used for data collection. Clusters consisted ofthe urbanblocksdeterminedby the municipality.Atotal number of10clusters each containing30households was selected according to the health center's framework. The necessary data were then collected through a self-madequestionnaireanddirectinterviewswith women under study. Further, the data analysiswas performed by usingthe standard and generalizedPoisson regression models through theRsoftware. Results: The average number of children for each woman was 1.45 with a variance of 1.073.A significant relationship was observed between the husband's age, number of unwanted pregnancies, and the average durationof breastfeeding with the present number of children in the two standard and generalized Poisson regression models (p < 0.05).The mean ageof women  participating in thisstudy was33.1± 7.57 years (from 25.53 years to 40.67), themean age of marriage was 20.09 ± 3.82 (from16.27 years to23.91), and themean age of their husbands was 37.9 ± 8.4years (from 29.5 years to 46.3). In the current study, the majority of women werein the age range of 30-35years old with the medianof 32years, however, most ofmen were in the age range of 35-40yearswith the median of37years. While 236of women did not have unwanted pregnancies, most participants of the present study had one unwanted pregnancy. Conclusion: According to the achieved results, the generalized Poisson regression model is more suitable for data analysis and can estimate the coefficient of effective factors on the number of children more precisely.}, Keywords = { Fertility behavior, Standard Poisson model, Generalizedpoisson model, Number ofchildren}, volume = {16}, Number = {1}, pages = {1-9}, publisher = {Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd}, url = {http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-662-en.html}, eprint = {http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-662-en.pdf}, journal = {Tolooebehdasht}, issn = {1728-5127}, eissn = {2538-1598}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {samadi, nazli and mozaffarikhosravi, hasan and rahmanian, masoud and asgarshahi, mohse}, title = {Assesment of propolis supplementation on insulin resistance in diabetic patients}, abstract ={Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a common endocrine disease . The number of people with diabetes over the last twenty years has doubled . Asia as a result of rapid economic growth , as the center of the epidemic in the world . Iran is among the countries with a high prevalence of diabetes mellitus . Use of medicinal plants as adjunctive therapy along with medication always been original . In recent years the tendency of patients to alternative therapies and traditional medicine has increased. Methods : Among patients referred to clinics of University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran , 67 people were selected and randomly divided into two groups,intervention or placebo. Patients in the intervention group received 3 tablets of 300 mg bee propolis and in the control group received placebo . The study lasted 12 weeks . Serum insulin and insulin resistance index were evaluated at the beginning and end of the study. Results: 57 patients completed the study . The average demographic characteristics , anthropometric indices , serum insulin and insulin resistance index at the beginning and end of the study between the two groups showed no significant difference. Conclusion : In this study , supplementation with bee propolis for 12 weeks , on the serum insulin and indices of insulin resistance in patients with type II diabetes is not effective . Further studies are needed to make a final decision.}, Keywords = {Keywords:Propolis, Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin resistance}, volume = {16}, Number = {1}, pages = {10-22}, publisher = {Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd}, url = {http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-1664-en.html}, eprint = {http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-1664-en.pdf}, journal = {Tolooebehdasht}, issn = {1728-5127}, eissn = {2538-1598}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Ghazinezhad, ne}, title = {The effects of various factors on the quality of life nulliparous women of the city Noshahr 1394}, abstract ={Introduction: Postpartum period is associated with significant changes in women's quality of life can be a mother and baby to be effective. Due to this, the study examines the impact of various factors on the areas of quality of life were performed. Methods: This descriptive-analytic study on 120 nulliparous women who referred to health centers   and Clinic  city  Noshahr were randomly selected using a vacuum Sh WHO quality of life in areas of physical, psychological, social, environmental and General (overall) evaluate information using SPSS software with descriptive statistics and statistical tests of ANOVA, t-test and Mann- whithney analysis was performed. Results: Results showed that among the five Scope studied public Scope (overall) with an average of 92/12 ± 34/76 the highest score and the environmental Scope with an average of 29/8 ± 03/64 lowest scores   quality of life based on education, type of delivery, newborn gender, occupation, age   significant difference in terms of education, social   exists (P <0/05) but in other Scope significant not difference  . significant differences in terms of delivery social and environmental Scope was observed (P <0/05) of the baby's sex, there was a significant difference in social Scope (P <0/05) In terms of jobs, significant differences were observed in the social Scope (P <0 / 05). In terms of age, significant differences( P <0/05)  was observed in the Scope of social and environmental. Conclusions:Based on the results of this study should be noted that factors such as education, type of delivery, newborn gender, occupation and age have an impact on quality of life nulliparous women after giving birth and knowing this Health care workers and officials can take In order to improve the quality of life for their positive nulliparous women.  }, Keywords = {Quality of life, nulliparous women, Scope}, volume = {16}, Number = {1}, pages = {23-32}, publisher = {Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd}, url = {http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-1650-en.html}, eprint = {http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-1650-en.pdf}, journal = {Tolooebehdasht}, issn = {1728-5127}, eissn = {2538-1598}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Askarishahi, Mohsen and Moazen, homa and Akhavan, Ali and Binesh, Fariba and Falahzadeh, Hossei}, title = {Applying Cox proportional hazards model to identifying the factors affecting the survival of patients with brain metastases}, abstract ={Abstract Background : The aim of this study is to determine of risk factors in patients with brain metastases, and prognostic factors affecting survival of patients by using the Cox proportional hazards model. Methods : This descriptive - analytic retrospective study was performed on 197 patients with brain metastases who Referred to Shahid Ramezanzadeh Radiation Center, Yazd, Iran. Several risk factors in This patients were analyzed by the Cox model. Survival times were estimated by Kaplan - Meier and significant difference between the survival distributions of sub groups were compared with the log-rank test. The data were analyzed by R and SPSS softwares. Results : The Kaplan-Meier estimate of patients overall survival were 27% at 12 months and 12% at 24 months. by the log - rank test we founded that there was significant difference between the patients survival in subgroups of variables, such as: age at diagnosis, outside brain diseases (primary tumor), type of treatment, response to radiotherapy and re-radiation therapy (P<0.05). Cox model analysis indicated that the survival of patients with brain metastases influenced by the outside brain diseases (primary tumor) and response to radiotherapy variables. Conclusion : According to this result, control of the primary tumor and appropriate by radiation therapy seems to be effective to increase patients Lifetime. Also, it is more appropriate to use the Cox model in medical studies because of its easy for interpretation and not limited to use the type of covariates.}, Keywords = {Cox proportional hazards model, Kaplan-Meier, survival, brain metastasis}, volume = {16}, Number = {1}, pages = {33-46}, publisher = {Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd}, url = {http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-1232-en.html}, eprint = {http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-1232-en.pdf}, journal = {Tolooebehdasht}, issn = {1728-5127}, eissn = {2538-1598}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Ehrampoosh, Mohammad hasan and ghaneian, mohamad taghi and kherkhah, Monireh and Amraei, Reza and Jasemizad, Tahereh and Askrshahi, Mohse}, title = {Evaluation of the Efficiency of Electron Beam Irradiation for Removal of Humic Acid from Aqueous Solutions}, abstract ={Background: Humic acids (HAs) have adverse effects on the environment; therefore, they should be removed from the water and wastewater. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the electron beam irradiation for removal of humic acid from aqueous solutions. Methods: Humic acid was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Company. After preparation of stock solution in alkaline condition, different concentrations of humic acid (10, 25 and 50 mg) were prepared. Study has done at pH= 8 and in different dose rates of 1, 3, 6, 9 and 15 kGy. Then initial absorption of samples was measured at 254 nm using UV-Visible spectrophotometer before and after the irradiation. Excel and SPSS Ver. 18 were used for analyzing the data and drawing graphs. Results: The results of this study showed that by increasing adsorbed dose from 1 to 15 kGy, the efficiency of HA removal increased and by increasing humic acid concentration from 10 to 50 mg/L, the removal efficiency of humic acid decreased. The results of the kinetic study showed that irradiation of humic acid followed pseudo second-order reaction. Conclusion: It can be concluded that electron beam irradiation can be a useful technology for the treatment of environmental samples contaminated by humic acid.}, Keywords = {electron beam irradiation, humic acid, aqueous solutions}, volume = {16}, Number = {1}, pages = {47-55}, publisher = {Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd}, url = {http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-280-en.html}, eprint = {http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-280-en.pdf}, journal = {Tolooebehdasht}, issn = {1728-5127}, eissn = {2538-1598}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Salmani, MohammadHas}, title = {Survey of Silver Nanoparticles Antibacterial Activity Against Gram-Positive and Gram-negative Bacteria in Vitro}, abstract ={Introduction: Increasing resistance to antimicrobial agents is typically one of the main problems of health care. Control the dispersion of bacteria in different environments is a challenge in this section that to the overcome of them is essential for health and economic. In this study, nano-silver antibacterial activity was studied against Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Gram-negative bacterium E. coli and Bacillus cereus. Methods: Anti-bacterial properties of silver nanoparticles against bacteria were assessed using dilution method. Bacteriological tests were performed using the initial concentration of (1 -1.5× 10-5) CFU / ml of each type of bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of growth and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was determined for each bacteria in the agar medium. Since the death of bacteria was studied using a double-MIC concentrations in duration of zero to 540 min and was determined the death time of each bacteria. Results:The results showed that MIC for bacteria of E. coli, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was at a concentration of 1700, 1600, 1500, and 1600 microgram per liter of silver nanoparticles, respectively. Also, the lowest death time was obtained 4h, for Bacillus cereus bacteria. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, bacteria E. coli showed the lowest sensitivity and Staphylococcus aureus the greatest sensitivity to silver nanoparticles.}, Keywords = {Antibactrial activity, Gram-positive, Gram-negative, Silver nanoparticles}, volume = {16}, Number = {1}, pages = {74-84}, publisher = {Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd}, url = {http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-1636-en.html}, eprint = {http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-1636-en.pdf}, journal = {Tolooebehdasht}, issn = {1728-5127}, eissn = {2538-1598}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {dehghani, Ali and momeni, Zahra and Fallahzadeh, Hosein and Dafei, Maryam and Hekmatimoghaddam, Hosein and Mojibian, Mahdiyeh and Najarzadeh, azadeh and Nogh, Hosei}, title = {Compare Lipid Profile and Anthropometric Indices and Blood Pressure in Women with and without Low-Dose Birth Control Pills}, abstract ={Introduction: Contraceptive Pills Are Accepted Around the World. Since the Introduction of the Pillstheir Use Increases the Risk of Venous and Arterial Complications, but There Are Doubtson Whether Low-Dose (LD) Estrogen Pills Could be a Risk factor. This Study Aimed to Examine the Lipid Profile in Women Exposed to (LD) Oral Contraceptives Compared to Unexposed Women. Materials and methods: In This Mix Cohort, 100 Women Aged 20-35 Years Old Referring to Health Care Centers in Yazd, Iran Were Conducted Through Face to Face Interviews by the Researcher Who Asked for Demographic and Anthropometric Characteristics and Also Took Blood Samples for Measurement of Lipid Profile. The Data Were Analyzed using SPSS Version 21 and Chi-Square Test as Well as T-test. Results: In the Exposed Group Total Cholesterol (180/7 ± 38/28 mg dl-1), Triglycerides (129/82 ± 47/92 mg dl-1), LDL (101/42 ± 30/66 mg dl-1) Were Significantly Higher than the Unexposed Group (Total Cholesterol 159 ± 30/26 mg dl-1, Triglycerides 93/60 ± 44/01 mg dl-1 and LDL 84/84±24/70 mg dl-1).  However, HDLof the Exposed Group (56/46 ± 8/42 mg dl-1) Did not Showa Significant Differencein Comparison to the Unexposed Group (56/18 ± 8/91 mg dl-1 ).  Conclusion  : LD Pills Increase Levels of Cholesterol, Triglycerides and LDL, so Taking these Pills may Cause Dyslipidemia.}, Keywords = {Oral Contraceptive Pills, Lipid Profile, Mix Cohort}, volume = {16}, Number = {1}, pages = {85-97}, publisher = {Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd}, url = {http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-2429-en.html}, eprint = {http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-2429-en.pdf}, journal = {Tolooebehdasht}, issn = {1728-5127}, eissn = {2538-1598}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Rakhshani, Fatemeh and Shokrolahi, MalekAfagh and ZamaniAlvijeh, Fereshteh and Kamalikhah, Tahereh}, title = {Assessment of Basij Trainer’s Life Style and Its Related Factors in Medical Sciences University of Tehran State in 2013 and 2014}, abstract ={Introduction: The Basiji healthy lifestyle program for developing of intersectoral collaboration was prepared at the health Education and Promotion Dept and some individuals were selected as trainers. Therefore this study was mobilized about the effectiveness of these interventions in coaches’ lifestyle. Methods: This study is a Cross sectional study which 200 people of the Basij organization trainers under covered by universities of medical sciences in Tehran state by census method were selected and studied in 2013-2014. The data collection tool was a self designed questionnaire, which validity and reliability were determined. Data were analyzed by SPSS Ver. 15 and descriptive and analytic statistics were used. Results: Regarding the book of Basiji healthy lifestyle’ 85.5 to 93.5% of the Basij trainers had read the book or had Passed the training course or had taught classes and only 5 to 6% of them had never read or seen the book.  According to the ANOWA and LSD there was significant difference between nutritional behavior in different group age (p=0.004). Also between physical activity and educational levels of target group was seen statistical and meaningful deference p=0.037. Conclusion: Regarding the results of this study the program of health educational program resulted in adopting volunteer healthy and safe behaviors among Trainers. The Basiji trainers by gaining required knowledge and skills could take effective steps to promote and improve their life styles and it seems to reach better successes through transferring these skills and health behavior to the target groups.}, Keywords = {Healthy lifestyles, Supportive environmental health, Basij trainer}, volume = {16}, Number = {1}, pages = {98-107}, publisher = {Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd}, url = {http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-1415-en.html}, eprint = {http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-1415-en.pdf}, journal = {Tolooebehdasht}, issn = {1728-5127}, eissn = {2538-1598}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Kianfard, Leila and Parhizgar, Saadat and Musavizadeh, Ali and Shams, Mohse}, title = {Training Needs Assessment to Design Empowerment Programs for Preventing Domestic Violence Against Iranian Married Women}, abstract ={Background and Purpose: The World Health Organization declared violence against women a top priority for health and emphasized the importance of the world's attention to the prevention and control programs. This study was conducted aimed to identify the training needs of married women referring to health centers in Ahvaz with the objective of enabling the design of a program to prevent violence. Methodology: This sectional study consisted of two qualitative and quantitative studies. In qualitative study, the opinions of 30 married women residing in Ahvaz were collected and analyzed in four focus group discussions. using a validated and reliable questionnaire, the knowledge, attitude, self-efficacy and performance of 320 married women in area of domestic violence were identified Findings: 79% of the women surveyed had adequate awareness about violence against women. 34% of the target group in the field of domestic violence against women has had the right attitude and more than 80% of them stated that violence by men is considered inevitable and natural. 89% of the target group expressed lack of efficacy for the prevention of domestic violence against women. The findings also suggest that there is significant relationship between education and early marriage with violent behavior. Conclusion: providing proper education and awareness to women and group discussion and clarification in order to change attitudes and increase efficacy in abused women against domestic violence are the necessary strategies which result in changing attitudes of women and increasing empowerment of women against domestic violence.}, Keywords = {empowerment, domestic violence, women}, volume = {16}, Number = {1}, pages = {108-120}, publisher = {Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd}, url = {http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-1819-en.html}, eprint = {http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-1819-en.pdf}, journal = {Tolooebehdasht}, issn = {1728-5127}, eissn = {2538-1598}, year = {2017} }