per Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd Tolooebehdasht 1728-5127 2538-1598 2024-06 23 2 1 15 article Hadi Alizadeh- siuki hadializadeh612@gmail.com 1 mohammad jadgal jadgal15@gmail.com 2 torbat heydariyeh of medical sciences chabahar Introduction: One of the cancers that endangers women's health is cervical cancer which can be fatal due to the lack of significant symptoms. This study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of an educational program based on Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) in adopting preventive behaviors from uterine cervical neoplasm among Women Referring to Health Centers in Torbat Heydariyeh city. Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted on 200 women with average age of 30/62 (intervention 100 and control 100) referred to Torbat Heydariyeh city health centers by random cluster sampling method from October 2019 to May 2020.The data collection tools were researcher-made questionnaires based on PMT, and its validity and reliability were reviewed and confirmed. Pre-test was also performed for both groups. Based on the results of the pre-test, need assessment was done. The educational intervention was performed for case group as lecture, pamphlet, Power Point presentation and question and answer in three 90-minute sessions. Post-test was performed after three month using the same questionnaire for both groups. The collected data were analyzed by independent t-test, paired t-test, and Pearson and chi square using SPSS software v22. Results: Before the intervention, there was no significant difference between control and experimental groups(p<0/05)regarding the mean score of constructs of the PMT. After the intervention, however, there was a significant difference in the mean scores of all the constructs of PMT in the two groups (self-efficacy p=0/001, response cost p=0/001, response efficiency p=0/001, perceived vulnerability p=0/007, fear p=0/001, perceived intensity p=0/01, motivation p=0/002 and behavior p=0/001). Conclusion: The study results revealed effectiveness of educational intervention based on PMT in promoting Pap smear screening behavior. The rate of doing pap smear test in the experimental group increased to 56% in the intervention group. Therefore, the authors recommend designing educational interventions based on this theory to promote public health, especially for women.   http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-3627-en.pdf Cervical cancer Women Promotion Motivation Theory Screening per Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd Tolooebehdasht 1728-5127 2538-1598 2024-06 23 2 16 32 article Mobarakeh Moradi moradimobarakeh@gmail.com 1 Babollah Bakhshipour Joybari ba_bakhshipour@yahoo.com 2 Seyedeh Olia Emadian emadian2012@yahoo.com 3 Master's student in clinical psychology, Department of Psychology, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran Associate Professor of Payam Noor University, Department of Counseling and Psychology, Tehran, Iran Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran Introduction: The separation of parents from each other will bring a lot of damage and consequences to children, and it will also affect their growth and development and communication, which will lead to a feeling of shame in these children. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of positive parenting education on feelings of shame in children of divorce. Methods: The method of the current research was a semi-experimental type with a pre-test-post-test design, a control group, and a three-month follow-up. The statistical population of the research included all the divorced mothers with children (7 to 12 years old) who visited Trust Counseling Center of Sari city in 2022-2023, among whom 30 people were selected randomly through convenience sampling and were replaced in two experimental and control groups. Ferguson's internalized shame questionnaire was used to collect data. Positive parenting training was conducted for 8 2-hour sessions for the experimental group, and the control group did not receive any intervention. Before and after the implementation of the pre-test and post-test sessions, both groups were taken, and after three months, both groups were followed up again. To analyze data, analysis of variance with repeated measurements was used through SPSS version 26 software. Results: The results of the present study showed that there was a significant difference between the mean of the shame variable and its component in the pre-test-post-test and pre-test-follow-up stages (p<0/05). Conclusion: Based on the findings, it can be concluded that positive parenting training has been able to reduce the feeling of shame in divorced children; therefore, positive parenting training is suggested to reduce the feeling of shame in children.     http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-3637-en.pdf Positive parenting Feelings of shame Children of divorce per Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd Tolooebehdasht 1728-5127 2538-1598 2024-06 23 2 33 49 article Nasrin Sarabi nasinsaraby06@gmail.com 1 Ahmad Moosavi dr_ahmad_mosavi@yahoo.com 2 Hamid Karimi karimi.h@dums.ac.ir 3 Ehasan Moradi ehsanmoradi3720@gmail.com 4 Dezful University of Medical Sciences Dezful University of Medical Sciences Dezful University of Medical Sciences Dezful University of Medical Sciences Introduction: Knowledge, positive attitude, and proper practice are the most important factors in controlling cardiovascular complications in chronic diseases such as diabetes. So, this study investigated the knowledge, attitude, and practice of cardiovascular disease prevention in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: In this descriptive-cross-sectional study, 385 patients with type 2 diabetes who visited the Diabetes Clinic of Ganjavian Dezful Hospital from January 2023 to April 2024 were selected by convenience sampling method. To collect data, the demographic information questionnaire and the questionnaire by Koohi et al. (2021) related to the knowledge, attitude and practice of prevention of cardiovascular diseases were used. The Cronbach's alpha of the questionnaire was >0/6 for all dimensions of the questionnaire, and its CVR and CVI in this study were 0/90 and 0/85. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16 software and p-value of less than 0.05. Descriptive statistics including frequency, mean, and standard deviation as well as inferential statistics such as Pearson correlation, independent t test, and ANOVA were used to analyze the data. Results: This study showed that 57.1 percent of the participants were in the age range of 40 to 60 67/5 percent of whom were women. Patients had a high level of knowledge and attitude toward preventing cardiovascular disease (20/06 ± 5/42) and (46/80 ± 4/99), respectively); however, their performance level was not high (8.65 ± 5.03). A significant positive relationship was also observed between knowledge and attitude (r = 0/6, P= 0/001). Conclusion: Despite patients’ high level knowledge and attitude toward the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, their performance in this field is not appropriate, and this issue requires planning by hospital managers   http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-3628-en.pdf Diabetes mellitus Knowledge Attitude Cardiovascular disease per Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd Tolooebehdasht 1728-5127 2538-1598 2024-06 23 2 50 65 article Raheleh hashemi habybabady habybabady_568@yahoo.com 1 akram dehbashi dehbashi3412@outlook.com 2 fatemeh paridokht paridokht6379@gmail.com 3 parvin sepehr parvin_sepehr@yahoo.com 4 mehran maleki roveshti mehranmaleki383@gmail.com 5 Zahedan University of Medical Sciences Zahedan University of Medical Sciences Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences mazandaran university of medical sciences Introduction: Musculoskeletal disorders are one of the main health problems among health care providers. This study aims to determine Job responsibilities and risk factors for work-related musculoskeletal disorders among the hospital employees of one of the largest hospitals in Zahedan. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 194 staff in one of the largest hospitals affiliated with Zahedan University of Medical Sciences. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS v19 and univariate logistic linear modeling, in addition to Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests. Results: The highest average pain score was related to the back(21/10±26/19). Neck pain was more prevalent in people over 40 years old(50%). Women were 4.9 times more likely to experience neck pain than men, and the possibility of back pain in individuals older than 40 years was 2.2 times higher than in those younger than 30. Furthermore, participants with more than 20 years of work experience were 5/4 times more likely to develop knee pain than those working for 5 years and less. There was a significant difference between pain scores in different positions among the hospital staff(p=0/003). Conclusion: The results of the present study demonstrated that the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among nurse assistants, women, elderly people and those with more work experience was higher than other employees, and it is necessary to design and implement targeted and specific interventions to reduce these disorders for different groups in hospitals.   http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-3625-en.pdf Musculoskeletal Disorders Hospital Staff Healthcare Services per Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd Tolooebehdasht 1728-5127 2538-1598 2024-06 23 2 66 80 article Batool zeidbadi zeidabadi.b@gmail.com 1 mahsa khodayarian mahsa.khodayarian@gmail.com 2 reza sadeghi reza.sadeghi1@yahoo.com 3 s.jambarang@gmail.com 4 Sirjan School of Medical Sciences Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences Sirjan School of Medical Sciences Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences Introduction: The importance of mental health literacy is recognized as an essential component for increasing knowledge and changing attitudes towards mental health and mental illness in school students. To identify mental health problems, tools to measure knowledge of mental health literacy to cases, understanding mental health and mental illness, mental illness stigma, information about specific mental illnesses, experiences of mental illness، Assistance and the importance of positive mental health. The study aimed to translate, cultural adaptation and examine the validity and reliability of the mental health literacy knowledge assessment tool in Iranian students. Methods: The English version of the Mental Health Literacy Knowledge Measuring Tool was conducted with 28 knowledge questions and 8 attitude questions about mental disorders, initial translation, open translation and corrections. Then, the qualitative formalization of the questionnaire was reviewed and approved by 12 experts (psychiatrist, psychologist, educational sciences, health education and health promotion and biostatistics). To calculate the reliability, 30 students aged 13 to 15 completed the first Persian version of the questionnaire twice, 14 days apart. Results: In the translation of the tool, two questions were adapted and localized to Iranian culture. In the content validity check, the content validity ratio scale and the content validity index were calculated according to the tables of Lavshe, Waltz and Basel. CVI average of the items was 0/88 and in the CVR, questions 4 were unacceptable. Students’ Cronbach's alpha coefficient index of general health knowledge questions and attitude about mental disorders were obtained as 0/96 and 0/86, respectively and the Pearson correlation of the questions of the knowledge section was 0/93 and the attitude was 0/76, which is an acceptable reliability coefficient. Conclusion: The present tool is a tool for measuring mental health literacy knowledge that was translated and localized in Iran, which is useful for measuring mental health literacy among 13 to 15-year-old high school students. Using the mental health literacy knowledge measurement tool is suggested to increase knowledge and reduce the stigma of mental illness in order to improve mental health literacy in schools.   http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-3620-en.pdf Mental health Literacy Cultural Adoption Validation Knowledge Attitude Mental Illness per Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd Tolooebehdasht 1728-5127 2538-1598 2024-06 23 2 81 99 article Fatemeh Motevally Joybari Fa_Motevally@Yahoo.Com 1 Babollah Bakhshipour Joybari ba_bakhshipour@yahoo.com 2 Qadratullah Abbasi gh_abbasi@iausari.ac.ir 3 PhD student in psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Islamic Azad University, Sari Branch, Sari, Iran Associate Professor, Department of Counseling and Psychology, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Sari branch, Sari, Ira Introduction: The present study was conducted with the aim of the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral intervention on social competence and school refusal of children with separation anxiety disorder. Methods: This research was a semi-experimental type with a pre-test-post-test design, a control group, and a three-month follow-up. The statistical population of this research includes all the mothers of elementary school students in one Sari district in the academic year of 2022-2023 who were suffering from separation anxiety disorder, 30 of them were randomly selected and replaced in two experimental and control groups. To collect data, Han and Hajinlian's separation anxiety questionnaire, social competence questionnaire by behavior problem prevention research group, and school refusal questionnaire by Carney and Silverman were used. In the experimental group, cognitive-behavioral intervention was implemented for 12 sessions of 1 hour; But, the control group did not receive any intervention. Before and after the pre-test and post-test sessions were taken from both groups. To analyze the data, analysis of variance with repeated measurements was used with SPSS version 26 software. Results: The results of this research showed that there is a significant difference between the mean of the variable of social competence and school refusal in the pre-test-post-test and pre-test-follow-up phase compared to the control group (p<0/05). Conclusion: Based on the results, cognitive-behavioral intervention training on mothers of children with separation anxiety disorder increased social competence and reduced school refusal in children with separation anxiety disorder; therefore, this intervention can be recommended to children with separation anxiety disorder, psychologists, and child counselors. Keywords: http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-3634-en.pdf Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Social Competence School Refusal Separation Anxiety per Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd Tolooebehdasht 1728-5127 2538-1598 2024-06 23 2 100 118 article Ahmad Kalateh Sadati asadati@yazd.ac.ir 1 Malihe alimondegari m.alimondegari@yazd.ac.ir 2 zahra falakodin Zahra.falakodin93@gmail.com 3 Hamideh Shiri-Mohammadabad 4 Forozandeh Kalantari fokalantari@gmail.com 5 Yazd University Yazd University Yazd University PhD in Sociology Shahid Sadoughi University Introduction: Due to the lack and the continuation of low fertility in past decades, it is necessary to review the population policies of the country. In formulating or revising demographic policies, taking effective and timely measures to facilitate the process of marriage and family formation and encouraging young couples to have children is an important and unavoidable necessity in the current conditions of society. The purpose of the current research is to discover and analyze this issue in Yazd province, based on the opinion of elites and policy makers related to the issue. Methods: This study was conducted using qualitative and grounded theory methods in 2014 in the city of Yazd. The participants in the research were 18 health officials and academic elites from the province. Participants were selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using a semi-structured interview tool. Data analysis was conducted using both theoretical and free coding methods as well as central and selective coding techniques. Results: The results showed that while the decision to have children is influenced by social and cultural contexts, it is primarily influenced by social policies.  57 sub-categories and 20 main sub-categories were extracted The themes of the research included rethinking marriage, postponing childbearing, the dangerous world of childlessness, dynamic policy making, family and child support policies. Also, the core category, the vacuum of dynamic, and efficient policy were calculated Conclusion: The results of the research show that the issue of having children is related to other needs and necessities of the family, such as taking care of children and the economic needs of the family. For this reason, policymakers should support programs that help families in this field and bring some kind of psychological comfort to the family.   http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-3592-en.pdf Fertility Marriage Social Cultural Population policies Iran