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بررسی تاثیر آموزش بر آگاهی، نگرش و عملکرد پرسنل بیمارستان خاتم الانبیاء ابرکوه در پیشگیری از ابتلا به عفونت های بیمارستانی
The Effect of Education on Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Hospital Personnel in Preventing Hospital Infections
تخصصي
Special
پژوهشي
Research
<strong><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">مقدمه:</span></span></strong><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;"> عفونت های</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">بیمارستانی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">یکی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">از</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">معضلات</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">بیمارستان ها</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">تمامی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">کشورهاست. هم چنین، عفونت های</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">بیمارستانی به طور فزاینده ای با پیدایش عوارض و مرگ و میر در بیماران بستری همراه بوده و هزینه های زیادی را به آنان تحمیل می کند. اعضا تیم پزشکی، به ویژه پرستاران می توانند نقش فعالی در پیشگیری</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">کنترل</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">این</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">عفونت ها داشته باشد. در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">این</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">مطالعه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">تاثیر آموزش بر سطح آگاهی،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">نگرش</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">عملکرد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">پرسنل بیمارستان خاتم الانبیاء ابرکوه نسبت</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">به کنترل</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">عفونت های بیمارستانی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">بررسی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">شده</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">است</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:nazaninnormal;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">.</span></span></span><br>
<strong><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">روش بررسی:</span></span></strong> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">این</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">مطالعه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">توصیفی</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">- </span></span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">تحلیلی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">سال</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">۱۳۹۶</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">ابرکوه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">انجام</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">شده</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">است. جامعه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">پژوهش</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">شامل</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">کلیه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">پرستاران بیمارستان خاتم الانبیاء ابرکوه بوده</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">که</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">به عنوان</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">حجم</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">نمونه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">انتخاب</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">گردیدند</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">.</span></span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;"> دادهها</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">از</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">طریق</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">پرسشنامه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">گردآوری</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">توسط آزمون های</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">آماری </span></span> <span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">t-Test</span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">،</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">ANOVA</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">ضریب</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">همبستگی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">پیرسون</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">نرم افزار</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">20 </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">spss</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">تحلیل</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">گردید</span></span><br>
<strong><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">یافته</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">ها</span></span></strong><strong><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:nazaninnormal;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">:</span></span></span></strong><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;"> میانگین</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">نمره</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">آگاهی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">پرسنل از 82/3</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">±</span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">3 قبل</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">از</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">آموزش به 29/6</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">±</span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">32 پس از آموزش افزایش یافت. در حیطه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">عملکرد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">نیز</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">میانگین</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">نمرات</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">افراد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">شرکت</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">کننده</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">از 63/4</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">±</span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">68/14 قبل</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">از</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">آموزش به 25/4</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">±</span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">2031/17 پس از آموزش افزایش یافت. بین</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">ویژگی های</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">فردی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">پرستاران و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">میانگین</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">نمرات</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">عملکرد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">پس</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">از</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">آموزش</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">رابطه معناداری</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">وجود</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">داشت. هم چنین</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">بین</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">نوع</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">مدرک</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">تحصیلی،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">وضعیت</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">تاهل</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">جنسیت</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">افراد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">شرکت</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">کننده</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">میانگین</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">نمرات</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">آگاهی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">و عملکرد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">بعد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">از</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">اتمام</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">کارگاه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">آموزشی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">ارتباط</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">معناداری</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">به</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">دست</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">نیامد</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">.</span></span></span><br>
<strong><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">نتیجه</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">گیری:</span></span></strong> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">بنظر</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">می</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">رسد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">که</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">آموزش تاثیر</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">مثبتی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">بر</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">افزایش</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">میزان</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">آگاهی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">عملکرد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">پرستاران</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">کنترل</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">عفونت</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">داشته</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">باشد. بنابراین</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">گسترش</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">دوره</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">های آموزش</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">تئوری</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">عملی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">کنترل</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">عفونت</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">برای</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">پرستاران</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">شاغل</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">بخش</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">اورژانس،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">جهت</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">ارتقاء</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">آگاهی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">به</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">تبع</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">آن</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">کیفیت</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">ارائه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">خدمات،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">ضروری</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">به نظر</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">می</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">رسد</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">.</span></span></span><br>
<strong>Introduction:</strong> Hospital infections are a common problem in hospitals worldwide. Nosocomial infections have increasingly resulted in patients' death and imposed high costs over the individuals. Members of the medical team, especially nurses, play an important role in prevention and control of the nosocomial infections. Thus, this research was conducted to evaluate the effect of education on the infection control knowledge, attitude, and practice of nurses in Abarkuh Hospital affiliated to University of Medical Sciences .<br>
<strong>Methods:</strong> This descriptive-analytic study was conducted in Abarkuh in 2017. The research population consisted of all personnel of Abarkuh Hospital. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficient in SPSS 20.<br>
<strong>Results:</strong> The average knowledge scores of nurses increased from 3±3.82 to 32±6.29 after education. Moreover, the practice scores of participants increased from 14.68±4.63 to 17.20±4.25. No significant relationship was found between characteristics of nurses and their knowledge after education (p>0.05). No significant relation was seen between academic degree, marital status, and gender of participants and their average scores of knowledge and practice after the educational workshop.<br>
<strong>Conclusion:</strong> It seems that education has a positive effect on improving the knowledge and practice of nurses about infection control. Therefore, expanding the theoretical and practical courses of education is essential to improve the knowledge and quality of service presentation.<br>
آگاهی, نگرش, عملکرد, عفونت بیمارستانی, پرستار
Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, Hospital Infection, Nurse
70
80
http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1313-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
Motahareh sadat
Hosseini
مطهره السادات
حسینی
hosseinimsh@yahoo.com