Volume 21, Issue 6 (3-2023)
TB 2023, 21(6): 95-108 |
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Ayvaz Nejad B, Mirmohammadkhani M, Mansori K, Pahlevan D. Investigating the Level of Happiness and the Associated Job Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study among Hospital Staff. TB 2023; 21 (6) :95-108
URL: http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-3428-en.html
URL: http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-3428-en.html
Semnan University of Medical Sciences , pahlevandaryoush@gmail.com
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Investigating the Level of Happiness and the Associated Job Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study among Hospital Staff
Bahare Ayaz Nejad (M.D)1, Majid Mirmohammadkhani (Ph.D)2, Kamyar Mansori (Ph.D)3,
Daryoush Pahlevan (M.D4
1. General Medicine, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
2. Associate Professor, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
3. Assistant Professor, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
4. Corresponding Author: Associate Professor, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
Email: pahlevandaryoush@gmail.com Tel: 09122313116
Abstract
Introduction: Mental health of the medical staff as care providers has a significant impact on the quality of service delivery. Accordingly, happiness is considered one of the important components of mental health. Considering the importance of mental health for medical staff, especially during COVID19, the present study is designed and carried out with the aim of investigating the level of happiness and associated job factors among hospital staff.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional and analytical study conducted on 280 people from the teaching, research and treatment staff of Kowsar hospital in Semnan through census in 2019. To collect data, a checklist including demographic and occupational variables was used along with Oxford Happiness Questionnaire by Hills and Argyle (2002). After that, relevant data were analyzed through SPSS26 software.
Results: The mean and standard deviation regarding age of the personnel were 53.53 ± 8.09, 62.1% of whom were women. 47.5% were in low status, and only 10% were in high status in terms of happiness score distribution. People in the age group of 51 to 60 (P >0.001), PhD graduates (P<0.001), working doctors (P<0.001), official workers (P=0.008), personnel with fixed work shifts (P <0.001), personnel who do not need to work overtime (P =0.044), people with good interaction with colleagues (P <0.001), and employees with good job satisfaction (P<0.001), had a good or excellent happiness status.
Conclusion: Most of the medical personnel working in the hospital did not have an optimal level of happiness; therefore, it is recommended that authorities design and implement programs to improve the level of happiness by focusing on the related factors.
Keywords: Happiness, Medical Staff, Hospital
2- Zarei J, Saramyan M, Abdi F. A survey of happiness in students of medical records and health information technology in Ahvaz Jondishapur University of Medical Sciences. Health Information Management. 2014;11(3):308-15.
3- Rajabi-Gilan N, Ghasemi S, Reshadat S, Zangeneh A. Happiness in health sector personnel, Some demographic and occupational related factors. J Isfahan Med Sch. 2015;32(309):1897-906.
4-Yaghoobi H, Baradaran M. Correlates of Mental Health: Happines, Sport, Emotional Intelligence. Journal of Modern Psychological Researches. 2011;6(23):201-21.
5- Steptoe A. Happiness and health. Annual review of public health. 2019;40:339-59.
6 - Aknin LB, Whillans AV, Norton MI, Dunn EW. Happiness and prosocial behavior: An evaluation of the evidence. World Happiness Report. 2019:67-86.
7- Dastgheib Z, Narimani M, Ghobadi Dashdebi K, Hoseini F, Gharlipour Z, Imanzad M. Comparison of Irrational Beliefs and Happiness in intelligent and normal students. Scientific Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences. 2013;22(3):27-33.
8- Sajadi M, Saeedi M. The effect of progressive muscle relaxation on happiness in nursing students. Complementary Medicine Journal. 2016;6(2):1461-9.
9-Akbarizadeh F, Bagheri F, Hatami HR, Hajivandi A. Relationship between nurses’ spiritual intelligence with hardiness and general health. Journal of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences. 2012;15(6(:466-72
10-Bagheri F, Akbarizadeh F, Hatami H. The relationship between spiritual intelligence and happiness on the nurse staffs of the Fatemeh Zahra hospital and Bentolhoda institute of Boushehr city. ISMJ. 2011;14(4):256-63.
11- Öztürk A, Mutlu T. The relationship between attachment style, subjective well-being, happiness and social anxiety among university students’. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences. 2010;9:1772-6.
12- Bilek EL. A multimethod assessment of emotion regulation and associations with anxiety symptoms in a clinical sample of school-age youth: University of Miami; 2015.
13- Sahraian A, Vakili SM. Studying the happiness level among medical students of Shiraz medical sciences university in 2010. Shiraz E-Medical Journal. 2012;13(4):179-86.
14- Heravi-Karimooi M, Rejeh N, Sharif Nia H. Happiness in nurses working in the emergency department of the hospitals of Ilam University of Medical Sciences in 2019. Journal of Critical Care Nursing. 2018;11(4):1-8.
15- Javanmardnejad S, Bandari R, Heravi-Karimooi M, Rejeh N, Sharif Nia H, Montazeri A. Happiness, quality of working life, and job satisfaction among nurses working in emergency departments in Iran. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes. 2021;19(1):1-8.
16- Zadhasan Z, Dehghanpour M, Bastami M, Yarahmadi H. The Relationship between Happiness and Psychological Well-Being with Job Satisfaction of Khuzestan Military Hospital Nurses. Nurse and Physician within War. 2017;5(15):11-19.
17- Hadinezhad H, Zaree F. Reliability, validity, and normalization of the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire. Psychological research. 2009 ;12(6): 62-77.
18- Rafiei M, Mosavipour S, Aghanajafi M. Happiness, mental health, and their relationship among the students at Arak University of Medical Sciences in 2010. Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences. 2012;15(3):15-25.
19- Zohour A, Fekri A. University students happiness at faculty of management and medical information science. Iran University of Medical Sciences Spring. 2004;11(1):31.
20-Boroujeni I, Asadi H, Tabatabie M. Relationship between happiness and organizational commitment of the employees of Youth and Sports Department of Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiari province. International Journal of Sport Studies. 2012;2(9):427-31.
21- Morteza RD. Happiness as an effective factor in organizational commitment of managers. African Journal of Business Management. 2012;6(33):9460-8.
22- Fisher CD. Happiness at work. International journal of management reviews. 2010;12(4):384-412.
23-Omidian M. The study of mental health & happiness among Yazd university students. Foundations of Education. 2009;10(1):1-6.
24-Diener E, Biswas-Diener R. Will money increase subjective well-being? Social indicators research. 2002;57(2):119-69.
25- Eddington, N. Shuman, R. Subjective well being. Austin, Continuing Psychology Education. 2004.
26- Siamian H, Naeimi OB, Shahrabi A, Hassanzadeh R, Abazari MR, Khademloo M, et al. The status of happiness and its association with demographic variables among the paramedical students. Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. 2012;21(86):159-66.
27-Keshavarz A, Vafayian M. Evaluation of the impact factors on Happiness. Applied Psychology. 2007;2(5):51-62.
28- Moreau M, Mendick H, Epstein D. Mathematical futures or domestic happiness: constructions of mathematicians’ working and domestic lives in popular culture and schools. Gender, Work and Organisation Conference, Keele University. 2007: 27-9.
29- Abedi MR, Mirshah Jafari E, Liaghatdar MJ. Standardization of the oxford happiness inventory in students of Isfahan university. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology. 2006;12 (2):95-100.
30- Bore M, Kelly B, Nair B. Potential predictors of psychological distress and well-being in medical students: a cross-sectional pilot study. Advances in medical education and practice. 2016.:125-35.
31-Myers DG, Diener E. The scientific pursuit of happiness. Perspectives on Psychological Science. 2018. (2):218-25.
32-Meyer JP, Maltin ER, Thai S. Employee commitment and well-being. Contemporary occupational health psychology: Global perspectives on research and practice. 2012;2:19-35.
33- Field LK, Buitendach JH. Happiness, work engagement and organisational commitment of support staff at a tertiary education institution in South Africa. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology. 2011;37(1):01-10.
34- Lane RE. Diminishing returns to income, companionship–and happiness. Journal of happiness studies. 2000;1(1):103-19.
35- Montazeri A, Omidvari S, Azin A, Aeenparast A, Jahangiri K, Sadighi J, et al. Happiness among Iranians: findings from the Iranian health perception survey (IHPS). Payesh (Health Monitor). 2012; (4) 1: 75
Bahare Ayaz Nejad (M.D)1, Majid Mirmohammadkhani (Ph.D)2, Kamyar Mansori (Ph.D)3,
Daryoush Pahlevan (M.D4
1. General Medicine, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
2. Associate Professor, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
3. Assistant Professor, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
4. Corresponding Author: Associate Professor, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
Email: pahlevandaryoush@gmail.com Tel: 09122313116
Abstract
Introduction: Mental health of the medical staff as care providers has a significant impact on the quality of service delivery. Accordingly, happiness is considered one of the important components of mental health. Considering the importance of mental health for medical staff, especially during COVID19, the present study is designed and carried out with the aim of investigating the level of happiness and associated job factors among hospital staff.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional and analytical study conducted on 280 people from the teaching, research and treatment staff of Kowsar hospital in Semnan through census in 2019. To collect data, a checklist including demographic and occupational variables was used along with Oxford Happiness Questionnaire by Hills and Argyle (2002). After that, relevant data were analyzed through SPSS26 software.
Results: The mean and standard deviation regarding age of the personnel were 53.53 ± 8.09, 62.1% of whom were women. 47.5% were in low status, and only 10% were in high status in terms of happiness score distribution. People in the age group of 51 to 60 (P >0.001), PhD graduates (P<0.001), working doctors (P<0.001), official workers (P=0.008), personnel with fixed work shifts (P <0.001), personnel who do not need to work overtime (P =0.044), people with good interaction with colleagues (P <0.001), and employees with good job satisfaction (P<0.001), had a good or excellent happiness status.
Conclusion: Most of the medical personnel working in the hospital did not have an optimal level of happiness; therefore, it is recommended that authorities design and implement programs to improve the level of happiness by focusing on the related factors.
Keywords: Happiness, Medical Staff, Hospital
References
1-Hosseini Kasnavieh F, Salimi T, Nadi Sakhvidi M, Ahmadi E. Happiness in externs in Shahid Sadoughi university of medical sciences in 2012. SSU_Journals. 2015;23(2):1945-52.2- Zarei J, Saramyan M, Abdi F. A survey of happiness in students of medical records and health information technology in Ahvaz Jondishapur University of Medical Sciences. Health Information Management. 2014;11(3):308-15.
3- Rajabi-Gilan N, Ghasemi S, Reshadat S, Zangeneh A. Happiness in health sector personnel, Some demographic and occupational related factors. J Isfahan Med Sch. 2015;32(309):1897-906.
4-Yaghoobi H, Baradaran M. Correlates of Mental Health: Happines, Sport, Emotional Intelligence. Journal of Modern Psychological Researches. 2011;6(23):201-21.
5- Steptoe A. Happiness and health. Annual review of public health. 2019;40:339-59.
6 - Aknin LB, Whillans AV, Norton MI, Dunn EW. Happiness and prosocial behavior: An evaluation of the evidence. World Happiness Report. 2019:67-86.
7- Dastgheib Z, Narimani M, Ghobadi Dashdebi K, Hoseini F, Gharlipour Z, Imanzad M. Comparison of Irrational Beliefs and Happiness in intelligent and normal students. Scientific Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences. 2013;22(3):27-33.
8- Sajadi M, Saeedi M. The effect of progressive muscle relaxation on happiness in nursing students. Complementary Medicine Journal. 2016;6(2):1461-9.
9-Akbarizadeh F, Bagheri F, Hatami HR, Hajivandi A. Relationship between nurses’ spiritual intelligence with hardiness and general health. Journal of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences. 2012;15(6(:466-72
10-Bagheri F, Akbarizadeh F, Hatami H. The relationship between spiritual intelligence and happiness on the nurse staffs of the Fatemeh Zahra hospital and Bentolhoda institute of Boushehr city. ISMJ. 2011;14(4):256-63.
11- Öztürk A, Mutlu T. The relationship between attachment style, subjective well-being, happiness and social anxiety among university students’. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences. 2010;9:1772-6.
12- Bilek EL. A multimethod assessment of emotion regulation and associations with anxiety symptoms in a clinical sample of school-age youth: University of Miami; 2015.
13- Sahraian A, Vakili SM. Studying the happiness level among medical students of Shiraz medical sciences university in 2010. Shiraz E-Medical Journal. 2012;13(4):179-86.
14- Heravi-Karimooi M, Rejeh N, Sharif Nia H. Happiness in nurses working in the emergency department of the hospitals of Ilam University of Medical Sciences in 2019. Journal of Critical Care Nursing. 2018;11(4):1-8.
15- Javanmardnejad S, Bandari R, Heravi-Karimooi M, Rejeh N, Sharif Nia H, Montazeri A. Happiness, quality of working life, and job satisfaction among nurses working in emergency departments in Iran. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes. 2021;19(1):1-8.
16- Zadhasan Z, Dehghanpour M, Bastami M, Yarahmadi H. The Relationship between Happiness and Psychological Well-Being with Job Satisfaction of Khuzestan Military Hospital Nurses. Nurse and Physician within War. 2017;5(15):11-19.
17- Hadinezhad H, Zaree F. Reliability, validity, and normalization of the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire. Psychological research. 2009 ;12(6): 62-77.
18- Rafiei M, Mosavipour S, Aghanajafi M. Happiness, mental health, and their relationship among the students at Arak University of Medical Sciences in 2010. Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences. 2012;15(3):15-25.
19- Zohour A, Fekri A. University students happiness at faculty of management and medical information science. Iran University of Medical Sciences Spring. 2004;11(1):31.
20-Boroujeni I, Asadi H, Tabatabie M. Relationship between happiness and organizational commitment of the employees of Youth and Sports Department of Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiari province. International Journal of Sport Studies. 2012;2(9):427-31.
21- Morteza RD. Happiness as an effective factor in organizational commitment of managers. African Journal of Business Management. 2012;6(33):9460-8.
22- Fisher CD. Happiness at work. International journal of management reviews. 2010;12(4):384-412.
23-Omidian M. The study of mental health & happiness among Yazd university students. Foundations of Education. 2009;10(1):1-6.
24-Diener E, Biswas-Diener R. Will money increase subjective well-being? Social indicators research. 2002;57(2):119-69.
25- Eddington, N. Shuman, R. Subjective well being. Austin, Continuing Psychology Education. 2004.
26- Siamian H, Naeimi OB, Shahrabi A, Hassanzadeh R, Abazari MR, Khademloo M, et al. The status of happiness and its association with demographic variables among the paramedical students. Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. 2012;21(86):159-66.
27-Keshavarz A, Vafayian M. Evaluation of the impact factors on Happiness. Applied Psychology. 2007;2(5):51-62.
28- Moreau M, Mendick H, Epstein D. Mathematical futures or domestic happiness: constructions of mathematicians’ working and domestic lives in popular culture and schools. Gender, Work and Organisation Conference, Keele University. 2007: 27-9.
29- Abedi MR, Mirshah Jafari E, Liaghatdar MJ. Standardization of the oxford happiness inventory in students of Isfahan university. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology. 2006;12 (2):95-100.
30- Bore M, Kelly B, Nair B. Potential predictors of psychological distress and well-being in medical students: a cross-sectional pilot study. Advances in medical education and practice. 2016.:125-35.
31-Myers DG, Diener E. The scientific pursuit of happiness. Perspectives on Psychological Science. 2018. (2):218-25.
32-Meyer JP, Maltin ER, Thai S. Employee commitment and well-being. Contemporary occupational health psychology: Global perspectives on research and practice. 2012;2:19-35.
33- Field LK, Buitendach JH. Happiness, work engagement and organisational commitment of support staff at a tertiary education institution in South Africa. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology. 2011;37(1):01-10.
34- Lane RE. Diminishing returns to income, companionship–and happiness. Journal of happiness studies. 2000;1(1):103-19.
35- Montazeri A, Omidvari S, Azin A, Aeenparast A, Jahangiri K, Sadighi J, et al. Happiness among Iranians: findings from the Iranian health perception survey (IHPS). Payesh (Health Monitor). 2012; (4) 1: 75
Type of Study: Research |
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Received: 2022/08/26 | Accepted: 2022/10/29 | Published: 2023/03/15
Received: 2022/08/26 | Accepted: 2022/10/29 | Published: 2023/03/15
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