The Journal of

Introduction: During the recent years, significant demographic changes have occurred in the world. One of the most important changes has been an unprecedented decline in fertility in all regions of the world. Parallel to these changes, the Islamic Republic of Iran has experienced extensive changes, So that during the last three decades, the fertility rate in Iran has fallen astonishingly. The aim of this study was to interpret the views of Khuzestani men and women with one child about childbearing. This study tries to answer the question concerned with factors influencing the tendency to childbearing in Khuzestan province. Methodology: Participants in the study included 35 male and female people aged from 45 to 15 years old. They were purposefully selected from health centers in East and West of Ahvaz in 1393-94. The obtained data were analyzed using Thematic Analysis. Results: Two main classes of factors that drive the couples to childbearing (ethnicity, parents' self-esteem, a sense of being productive) and the ones that prevent couples from childbearing (economic, parental occupation, parental responsibility and diseases) are presented. Conclusion: The results of this research show the experiences of couples about childbearing. Strengthening the factors that drive the couples to childbearing and also removing barriers to this phenomenon provide the basis for education and a way to step in line with the new policy to encourage population and couples in their childbearing.