References
1-Congenital Heart Defects: Centers for Diseases Control and prevention; [cited2013]. Availablefrom:
http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/heartdefects/index.html
2-Hoffman JI, Kaplan S. incidence of congenital heart disease. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2002;39(12):1890-900
.
3-Hartman RJ, Rasmussen SA, Botto LD, Riehle-Colarusso T, Martin CL, Cragan JD, et al. The contribution of chromosomal abnormalities to congenital heart defects: a population-based study. Pediatric Cardiology. 2011;32(8):1147-57
.
4-Øyen N, Poulsen G, Boyd HA, Wohlfahrt J, Jensen PK, Melbye M. Recurrence of congenital heart defects in families. Circulation. 2009;120(4):295-301
.
5-Limperopoulos C, Majnemer A, Shevell MI, Rosenblatt B, Rohlicek C, Tchervenkov C. Neurodevelopmental status of newborns and infants with congenital heart defects before and after open heart surgery. The Journal of pediatrics. 2000;137(5):638-45
.
6-Shillingford AJ, Glanzman MM, Ittenbach RF, Clancy RR, Gaynor JW, Wernovsky G. Inattention, hyperactivity, and school performance in a population of school-age children with complex congenital heart disease. Pediatrics. 2008;121(4): 759-67
.
7- Jenkins KJ, Correa A, Feinstein JA, Botto L, Britt AE, Daniels SR, et al. Noninherited risk factors and congenital cardiovascular defects: current knowledge a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young: endorsed by the American Academy of Pediatrics. Circulation. 2007;115(23):2995-3014
.
8-Alnajjar AA, Morsy M-MF, Almuzainy IS, Sheikh AA. Pediatric heart diseases in Madina, Saudi Arabia. Saudi Med J. 2009;30(9):1186-91
.
9-Jiang L, Duan C, Ma Z, Zhu L, Yin W, Zou H, et al. [Epidemiological investigation on congenital heart disease in several regions of Yunnan province]. Zhonghualiuxingbingxuezazhi= Zhonghualiuxingbingxuezazhi. 2005;26(3):182-6
10-Abushaban L, Al Hay A, Uthaman B, Salama A, Selvan J
. Impact of the Gulf war on congenital heart diseases in Kuwait
. Int J Cardiol. 2004; 93: 157-162.
11-Smitha R, Karat SC, Narayanappa D, Krishnamurthy B, Prasanth SN, Ramachandra NB. Prevalence of congenital heart diseases in Mysore. Indian Journal of Human Genetics.2006; 12: 11-16.
12-Bassili A, Mokhtar SA, Dabous NI, Zaher SR, Mokhtar MM, Zaki A. Congenital heart disease among school children in Alexandria, Egypt: an overview on prevalence and relative frequencies. Journal of tropical pediatrics. 2000;46(6):357-62
.
13-Dolk H, Loane M, Garne E. for the European Surveillance ofCongenital Anomalies (EUROCAT) Working Group. Congenitalheart. defects in Europe: prevalence and perinatal mortality, 2000 to2005. Circulation 2011;123:841–9.
14-Reller MD, Strickland MJ, Riehle-Colarusso T, Mahle WT, Correa A. Prevalence of congenital heart defects in metropolitan Atlanta, 1998-2005. The Journal of pediatrics. 2008;153(6):807-13
.
15-van der Linde D, Konings EE, Slager MA, Witsenburg M, Helbing WA, Takkenberg JJ, et al. Birth Prevalence of Congenital Heart Disease WorldwideA Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2011;58(21):2241-7.
16-van der Bom T, Zomer AC, Zwinderman AH, Meijboom FJ, BoumaBJ,Mulder BJ. The changing epidemiology of congenital heart disease.Nature Reviews Cardiology. 2010;8(1):50-60
.
17-MovahedianA, Nourbakhsh A, Mosabebi Z, Mazouchi T, Mousavi Q. Prevalence of congenital heart disease in infants admitted to the hospital shahid Beheshti Kashan. Feyz. 2001(18):76-80
.
18-Zeinaloo A
, Tadbir A, Tavakol M. Study of children referred to Children's Medical Center with a diagnosis of congenital heart disease in2000-2001. Tehran. 2002;60(1):76-80.
19-Hemetyar M
, KHajavi P. Prevalence of congenital anomalies in 1000 live births in hospitals Jewel Tehran, 2003. Azad University. 2003;15.
20-Baspinar O, Karaaslan S, Oran B, Baysal T, Elmaci AM, Yorulmaz A. Prevalence and distribution of children with congenital heart diseases in the central Anatolian region, Turkey. Turk J Pediatr 2006; 48: 237-43.
21-Mohsenzadeh A, Saket S, Ahmadipour S, Baharvand B. Prevalence and types of congenital heart disease in newborns Khorramabad in2006-2011. Lorestan. 2011;15(5):23-30.
22-Stothard KJ, Tennant PW, Bell R, Rankin J. Maternal overweight and obesity and the risk of congenital anomalies: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Jama. 2009;301(6):636-50
23-Watkins ML, Rasmussen SA, Honein MA, Botto LD, Moore CA. Maternal obesity and risk for birth defects. Pediatrics. 2003;111(Supplement 1):1152-8
.
24-Cedergren MI, Källén BA. Maternal obesity and infant heart defects.Obesity research. 2003;11(9):1065-71
.
25-Mills JL. Maternal obesity and congenital heart defects: a population-based study. The American journal of clinical nutrition .2010:91(6): 1543-49
26-Ionescu-Ittu R, Marelli AJ, Mackie AS, Pilote L. Prevalence of severe congenital heart disease after folic acid fortification of grain products: time trend analysis in Quebec, Canada. BMJ: British Medical Journal. 2009;338
.
27-Botto LD, Mulinare J, Erickson JD.Occurrence of congenital heart defects in relation to maternal multivitamin use. American Journal of Epidemiology. 2000;151(9):878-84.
28-MartínezFrías M, Frias J, Bermejo E, RodríguezPinilla E, Prieto L, Frias J. Pregestational maternal body mass index predicts an increased risk of congenital malformations in infants of mothers with gestational diabetes. Diabetic Medicine. 2005;22(6):775-81.
29-Behjati M, Modarresi V, Rahimpour S, Behjati M. Congenital Heart Diseases in the Newborns of Diabetic Mothers: an Echocardiographic Study. SSU_Journals. 2011;19(4):511-7
.
30-Reefhuis J, Honein MA. Maternal age and non‐chromosomal birth defects, Atlanta—1968–2000: Teenager or thirty‐something, who is at risk? Birth Defects Research Part A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology. 2004;70(9):572-9.
31-Khatami F, Mamori Q. Study of major malformations in ten thousand newborns. Pediatrics.2005;15(4):311-16.
32-Bassili A, Mokhtar S, Dabous N, Zaher S, Mokhtar M, Zaki A. Risk factors for congenital heart diseases in Alexandria, Egypt. European journal of epidemiology. 2000;16(9):805-14
33-Botto LD, Lynberg MC, Erickson JD. Congenital heart defects, maternal febrile illness, and multivitamin use: a population-based study. Epidemiology. 2001;12(5):485-90.
34- Oster ME, Riehle-Colarusso T, Alverson CJ, Correa A. Associations between maternal fever and influenza and congenital heart defects. The Journal of pediatrics. 2011;158(6):990-5.
35-Acs N, Banhidy F, Puho E, Czeizel AE.Maternal influenza during pregnancy and risk of congenital abnormalities in offspring. Birth Defects ResAClinMolTeratol 2005;73:989-96.
36
-Ericson A,Kallen BA.Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in early pregnancy.ReprodToxicol. 2001;15:371–75
37-Källén BA, Otterblad Olausson P. Maternal drug use in early pregnancy and infant cardiovascular defect. Reproductive Toxicology. 2003;17(3):255-61
38-Lennestål R, Olausson PO, Källén B. Maternal use of antihypertensive drugs in early pregnancy and delivery outcome, notably the presence of congenital heart defects in the infants. European journal of clinical pharmacology. 2009;65(6):615-25
.