Introduction: Occupational accidents impose a lot of costs on the national economy of the country. Estimation of these costs contributes to decision-making for cost control. This study aims to estimate economic damages to the Social Security Organization caused by occupational accidents in Yazd, 2008-2009 Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study in which the total 990 occupational accidents registered in 1387 and 2008 in Yazd were investigated to determine costs of insurance and medical care. The data were collected through interview as well as the information from the Head Office and Department for Clinical Affairs of Social Security in Yazd. Data analysis was carried out by SPSS 15 using Kruskal-Wallis and Correlation tests. Results: According to the results of this study, the total costs of insurance and medical care for the 990 occupational accidents were calculated to be 54 billion Rials, while the total premium received from the accident victims has been 9.37 billion Rials in the two years. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggested that the type of occupation and workshop are significantly related to the insurance and medical costs. Therefore, the Social Security Organization should invest on improvement of occupations and workshops safety. Keywords: Safety, Occupational accident, Insurance, cost

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