fa اثربخشی تمرینات ادراکی-حرکتی پاریاد بر بازداری پاسخ، انعطاف‌پذیری شناختی و بازتولید زمان در کودکان دارای اختلال هماهنگی رشدی عمومى General پژوهشي Research <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">مقدمه:</span></span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""> اخیرا گرایش به استفاده از رویکردهای درمانی نوین برای بهبود کارکردهای اجرایی کودکان دارای اختلال هماهنگی رشدی، توجه زیادی را به خود جلب کرده است. هدف پژوهش، بررسی اثربخشی تمرینات پاریاد بر بازداری پاسخ، انعطاف‌پذیری شناختی و بازتولید زمان در کودکان 12-8 ساله دارای اختلال هماهنگی رشدی بود.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">روش بررسی:</span></span></span></b> &nbsp;<span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">پژوهش حاضر از نوع نیمه آزمایشی با طرح پیش آزمون- پس آزمون بود. 30 پسر 8 تا 12 ساله مبتلا به اختلال هماهنگی رشدی </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">به‌طور تصادفی در دو گروه گواه و تجربی گمارده شدند</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">. </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">ابزار پژوهش حاضر شامل سیاهه اختلال هماهنگی رشدی مخصوص والدین، سیاهه مشاهده حرکتی مخصوص آموزگاران، آزمون هوش ریون کودکان، آزمون برو/نرو، آزمون استروپ و بازتولید زمان بود. آزمودنی&shy;های گروه تجربی برنامه تمرینات</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">ادراکی</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"> - </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">حرکتی</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">پاریاد را به مدت</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">20</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">جلسه سی دقیقه&shy;ای انجام</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">دادند. داده&shy;ها با استفاده</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">از</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">آزمون</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">تحلیل واریانس با اندازه&lrm;گیری مکرر و ویلکاکسون</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">و در</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">نرم‌افزار</span></span></span> <span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">SPSS</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">با سطح معناداری 05/0 صورت گرفت.</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"B Zar""></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">یافته&shy; ها:</span></span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""> یافته‌های پژوهش نشان داد که تمرینات پاریاد بر بازداری پاسخ و ادراک زمان تأثیر معناداری دارد (005/0></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%">p</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">)، اما بر مؤلفه انعطاف‌پذیری شناختی تأثیر معناداری نداشت (005/0<</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%">p</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">).</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">نتیجه &shy;گیری:</span></span></span></b> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">با توجه به اثربخشی تمرینات</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">پاریاد بر بازداری پاسخ و بازتولید زمان کودکان دارای اختلال هماهنگی رشدی، پیشنهاد می&shy;گردد </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">این تمرینات</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">به عنوان یک روش مداخله مناسب برای بهبود برخی کارکردهای اجرایی کودکان دارای اختلال هماهنگی رشدی می&shy;تواند مورداستفاده قرار گیرد.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Introduction:</span></b> <span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt">Recently, the use of new therapeutic approaches to improve the executive functions of children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) has attracted the attention of researchers. The aim of this research is to investigate the effectiveness of paaryaad exercises on response inhibition, cognitive flexibility and time reproduction in 8-12-year-old children with DCD.</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Courier New""></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Methods:</span></b> <span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt">The current research was a semi-experimental type with a pre-test-post-test design. The statistical population of the research was all the male students aged 8 to 12 years old in Maroodasht city schools in 2018, 30 of whom were randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. The intervention included perceptual-motor paaryaad exercises for 20 thirty-minute sessions at the gym. Data were collected using GO/NOGO and Stroop software, and time reproduction. Data analysis was done using repeated measure analysis of variance and Wilcoxon test in SPSS 24 software.</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Results</span></b><b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt">:</span></b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt"> The results of the research showed that the scores of the experimental group regarding the variables of cognitive flexibility and response inhibition increased and the scores of time reproduction decreased. However, the scores of the control group did not change in the studied variables. Moreover, the findings of the research showed that Paaryaad perceptual motor exercises have a significant effect on response inhibition and time reproduction (p<0/005), but did not have a significant effect on the cognitive flexibility component (p<0/005).</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt"></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt">Conclusion:</span></b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt"> Considering the effectiveness of Paaryaad exercises on response inhibition and time reproduction of children with DCD, it is suggested that these exercises be used as a suitable intervention method to improve some executive functions.</span></span></span></span></span><br> <br type="_moz" > <br> <span style="font-size: 10pt; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="line-height:115%"><span courier="" new="" style="font-family:"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"></span></span></span></span></span></span> اختلال هماهنگی رشدی, ادراک زمان, انعطاف پذیری شناختی, بازداری پاسخ, تمرینات ادراکی- حرکتی پاریاد Developmental Coordination Disorder, Perceptual-Motor Exercises, Executive Functions 96 111 http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2969-2&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 mohammadreza sadeghian shahi محمدرضا صادقیان شاهی rsadeghian@yazd.ac.ir 0000-0001-8444-0596 Yes Yazd University دانشگاه یزد soheila rezaee سهیلا رضایی s.rezaee@yahoo.com 0009-0008-6777-9078 No Yazd University دانشگاه یزد hossein samadi حسین صمدی s.rezaaee@yahoo.com 0000-0002-1073-3393 No Yazd University دانشگاه یزد