Volume 22, Issue 6 (2-2024)
TB 2024, 22(6): 30-43 |
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Khezri Yazdi L, demehri F. Predicting Concerns During Pregnancy Based on Marital Quality and Cognitive Self-Regulation with the Mediating Role of Mental Security. TB 2024; 22 (6) :30-43
URL: http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-3576-en.html
URL: http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-3576-en.html
, Science and Arts University, Yazd, Iran , farangis_demehri@yahoo.com
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Predicting Concerns During Pregnancy Based on Marital Quality and Cognitive Self-Regulation with the Mediating Role of Mental Security
Leyla Khezri Yazdi1 farangis demehri2
1.MSc, Department of family counseling, Science and Arts University, Yazd, Iran.
2.Assistant professor, Department of Psychology, Science and Arts University, Yazd, Iran
Email:farangis_demehri@yahoo.com Tel:09132732787
Abstract
Introduction: During pregnancy, the marital quality and mental security of women are threatened. A woman's physical, mental and psychological health during this period has significant effects on the health of the fetus, success in natural childbirth and breastfeeding, and improving health. Maintaining psychological security, cognitive self-regulation of emotions, and the quality of marital relations during pregnancy can reduce the worries of this period to some extent. The current research aims to predicting design a structural model of marital quality and cognitive self-regulation with the mediating role of psychological security to predict concerns during pregnancy.
Methods: The present study was a descriptive-correlation type using the structural equation modeling method. The study population included all the pregnant women of 25 to 40who referred to health centers and clinics in Yazd in 2023. 275 women were randomly selected by cluster sampling method. Data was collected using Aldersey and Lin's (2011) pregnancy anxiety questionnaires, Busby et al.'s marital quality (1995), Maslow's psychological security (2004), and Garnevsky et al.'s (2002) cognitive self-regulation of emotion. Data analysis was done through Pearson correlation methods and structural equation modeling using SPSS-19 and AMOS-20 software.
Results: The results of multivariate regression test showed that the variables of cognitive self-regulation of emotion (positive emotion (R=0/49), negative emotion (R=0/056), and marital quality (R=0/089) with the mediation of psychological security on concerns during pregnancy, had a direct and significant effect (P<0/05). Psychological security also had a direct, negative, and significant effect on worries during pregnancy (P<0/05).
Conclusion: The results of the present study shows that the structural model of concerns during pregnancy based on cognitive self-regulation of emotion and marital quality with the mediation of psychological security had favorable fit indices, and therefore, the knowledge of these variables can help to reduce worries during pregnancy.
Keywords: Pregnancy, Marital Quality, Self-Regulation, Psychological Security
References
1-Taylor D, Lamont R. Mycoplasmas in pregnancy. An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology. 2011; 236 (45023): 164-174.
2-Villar F, Jose K, Friend H & et al. Pregnancy outcomes and vaccine effectiveness during the period of omicron as the variant of concern, Intercovid-2022. The Lancet .2023; 211 (26023): 445-456.
3-Tuxunjiang D, Xiabidan Y, Geary H & et al. The relationship between positive psychological qualities and prenatal negative emotion in pregnant women. Frontiers in Psychology .2023; 13: 164-174.
4-Cárdenas D, Emilia F. Neural reactivity to infant emotion cues during pregnancy: Associations with peripartum anxiety and depressive symptoms. Biological Psychology. 2023; 183(223):47-56.
5-González K, Ramos P, Zulia Y & et al. My biggest fear is that people will forget about him’: Mothers' emotional transitions after terminating their pregnancy for medical reasons. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 2023; 32(13-14):3967-80.
6-Karmi R, Jahangir A, Momeni N & et al. investigating the relationship between sleep quality and cognitive emotion regulation strategies and brain-behavioral systems in pregnant women. Avicenna Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Care.2017, 26(4), 226-219. [Persian]
7-McCoyd Z, Judith LM, Laura C & et al. They say, If you don’t relax you’re going to make something bad happen and women’s emotion management during medically high-risk pregnancy. Psychology of Women Quarterly .2020; 44 (1): 117-29.
8-Taubman B, Ben G, Ari F & et al. Personal growth in early pregnancy: the role of perceived stress and emotion regulation. Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology. 2022; 40 (6): 550-62.
9-Skripkina D, Tatiana T, Angelica S & et al. Techniques for building trust as a factor of psychological security of a person. EDP Sciences. 2020; 756 (56): 124-136.
10-Zhuravlova A, Larysa P, Ferrend O & et al. Psychological security in the conditions of using information and communication technologies. Proceedings of the 1st Symposium on Advances in Educational Technology. 2020; 136 (2): 216-223.
11-Biyimbeto V, Jaksilik D. Philosophical analysis of the problem of information psychological security. Philosophical Journal. 2021; 296 (43): 114-116.
12-Lazorko R, Olha D. Psychological Security of the Individual as a Functional Component of Professional Activity. Broad Research in Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience. 2021;235(2): 455-473.
13-Habibi A, Aynor, M. Structural Equation Modeling. Jihad University Publications. 2016; 456 (65): 175-263. [Persian]
14-Bahrami, B. The role of cognitive emotion-regulation strategies in the quality of life of cancer patients. Medical journal of mashhad university of medical sciences .2015; 145 (1236): 114-116. [Persian]
15-Hosni J. Psychometric characteristics of emotion cognitive order questionnaire. Psychometric Journal .2014; 246 (478503): 73-83. [Persian]
16-Wang A, Jiaqi L, Radesh K & et al. Measuring the psychological security of urban residents: Construction and validation of a new scale. Frontiers in psychology. 2019; 10: 24-23.
17-Khaljian S, Mohahamdi V. Construction and validation of security-oriented leadership style measuring instrument. Educational Leadership and Management Quarterly .2018; 963 (98): 39-57. [Persian]
18-Farero A, Dison G, Frred A & et al. Rash analysis of the Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale (RDAS) with military couples. Contemporary Family Therapy .2019;296 (423): 135-15.
19-Turliuc M, Antoinette A. Psychometric properties of the revised dyadic adjustment scale on a sample of married adults. Journal of Psychological and Educational Research .2013; 12(1): 49-51.
20-Yousefi N. Investigation of the psychometric indicators of the Marital Quality Scale. Psychometric Journal. 2012;12(5): 183-200. [Persian]
21-Sinesi, A Hoger J, Lomen D. Anxiety scales used in pregnancy: systematic review. BJPsych open . 2019 ;5 (1): 75-81.
22-Yousefi N. Psychometric features of the Persian version of the Pregnancy Concerns Questionnaire. Journal of Nursing and Midwifery .2015;123 (4): 215-225. [Persian]
23-Kharaghani R, Yazdanparast E, Arasteh A. evaluation of the Quality marital relationship with maternal fetal Attachment. Nursing and Midwifery Journal. 2021; 19 (8) :621-632. [Persian]
24-Babanazari L, Kafi S. Comparative study of pregnancy anxiety in relation to its different periods, marital satisfaction and demographic factors. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology (thought and behavior).2013;236 (4): 114-116. [Persian]
25-Bagheri S, Kokhuk R, Niromanesh S. Investigating the relationship between maternal-fetal attachment and marital quality of life with rumination in pregnant women with non-clinical depression. Disability Studies.2022 ;362 (3): 125-136. [Persian]
26-Aini F. Investigating the effect of marital conflict on concerns during pregnancy: the mediating role of psychological well-being. Family Counseling and Psychotherapy.2021;236 (2): 229-254. [Persian]
27-Xin A, Nazaf G, Sufei M & et al. Psychological security in Chinese college students during 2006–2019: The influence of social change on the declining trend. Journal of Affective Disorders. 2022;563 (41123): 126-129.
28-Nasiri S, Askarizadeh G, Fazilatpoor M. The Role of Cognitive Regulation Strategies of Emotion, Psychological Hardiness and Optimism in the Prediction of Death Anxiety of Women in their Third Trimester of Pregnancy. Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing. 2017;4(6):50-8. [Persian]
29-Nemati S, Gorgi H ,Zare H & et al. "The role of metacognitive beliefs and cognitive regulation of emotion in predicting the anxiety of students' corona disease." Knowledge and research in applied psychology .2023: 113-116. [Persian]
30-Jafarinasab M, Zare H, Ahmadi R, et al. The effectiveness of imago-based couple therapy on improving marital turmoil and quality of life in women affected by marital infidelity. Applied Family Therapy Journal. 2021;2(4):519-33. [Persian]
31-Inzlicht F, Michael N, Bodret F, et al. Integrating models of self-regulation. Annual review of psychology . 2021;72(5):319-45.
32-Schunk H, Barry J. Self‐regulation and learning: Handbook of Psychology, 2nd ed. UKA;2012:77-89 Morton publi cation.2012;7.
33-McClelland D, Megan M, Forret H, et al. Development and self‐regulation. Handbook of child psychology and developmental science. 2015;56(2):1-43.
Leyla Khezri Yazdi1 farangis demehri2
1.MSc, Department of family counseling, Science and Arts University, Yazd, Iran.
2.Assistant professor, Department of Psychology, Science and Arts University, Yazd, Iran
Email:farangis_demehri@yahoo.com Tel:09132732787
Abstract
Introduction: During pregnancy, the marital quality and mental security of women are threatened. A woman's physical, mental and psychological health during this period has significant effects on the health of the fetus, success in natural childbirth and breastfeeding, and improving health. Maintaining psychological security, cognitive self-regulation of emotions, and the quality of marital relations during pregnancy can reduce the worries of this period to some extent. The current research aims to predicting design a structural model of marital quality and cognitive self-regulation with the mediating role of psychological security to predict concerns during pregnancy.
Methods: The present study was a descriptive-correlation type using the structural equation modeling method. The study population included all the pregnant women of 25 to 40who referred to health centers and clinics in Yazd in 2023. 275 women were randomly selected by cluster sampling method. Data was collected using Aldersey and Lin's (2011) pregnancy anxiety questionnaires, Busby et al.'s marital quality (1995), Maslow's psychological security (2004), and Garnevsky et al.'s (2002) cognitive self-regulation of emotion. Data analysis was done through Pearson correlation methods and structural equation modeling using SPSS-19 and AMOS-20 software.
Results: The results of multivariate regression test showed that the variables of cognitive self-regulation of emotion (positive emotion (R=0/49), negative emotion (R=0/056), and marital quality (R=0/089) with the mediation of psychological security on concerns during pregnancy, had a direct and significant effect (P<0/05). Psychological security also had a direct, negative, and significant effect on worries during pregnancy (P<0/05).
Conclusion: The results of the present study shows that the structural model of concerns during pregnancy based on cognitive self-regulation of emotion and marital quality with the mediation of psychological security had favorable fit indices, and therefore, the knowledge of these variables can help to reduce worries during pregnancy.
Keywords: Pregnancy, Marital Quality, Self-Regulation, Psychological Security
References
1-Taylor D, Lamont R. Mycoplasmas in pregnancy. An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology. 2011; 236 (45023): 164-174.
2-Villar F, Jose K, Friend H & et al. Pregnancy outcomes and vaccine effectiveness during the period of omicron as the variant of concern, Intercovid-2022. The Lancet .2023; 211 (26023): 445-456.
3-Tuxunjiang D, Xiabidan Y, Geary H & et al. The relationship between positive psychological qualities and prenatal negative emotion in pregnant women. Frontiers in Psychology .2023; 13: 164-174.
4-Cárdenas D, Emilia F. Neural reactivity to infant emotion cues during pregnancy: Associations with peripartum anxiety and depressive symptoms. Biological Psychology. 2023; 183(223):47-56.
5-González K, Ramos P, Zulia Y & et al. My biggest fear is that people will forget about him’: Mothers' emotional transitions after terminating their pregnancy for medical reasons. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 2023; 32(13-14):3967-80.
6-Karmi R, Jahangir A, Momeni N & et al. investigating the relationship between sleep quality and cognitive emotion regulation strategies and brain-behavioral systems in pregnant women. Avicenna Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Care.2017, 26(4), 226-219. [Persian]
7-McCoyd Z, Judith LM, Laura C & et al. They say, If you don’t relax you’re going to make something bad happen and women’s emotion management during medically high-risk pregnancy. Psychology of Women Quarterly .2020; 44 (1): 117-29.
8-Taubman B, Ben G, Ari F & et al. Personal growth in early pregnancy: the role of perceived stress and emotion regulation. Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology. 2022; 40 (6): 550-62.
9-Skripkina D, Tatiana T, Angelica S & et al. Techniques for building trust as a factor of psychological security of a person. EDP Sciences. 2020; 756 (56): 124-136.
10-Zhuravlova A, Larysa P, Ferrend O & et al. Psychological security in the conditions of using information and communication technologies. Proceedings of the 1st Symposium on Advances in Educational Technology. 2020; 136 (2): 216-223.
11-Biyimbeto V, Jaksilik D. Philosophical analysis of the problem of information psychological security. Philosophical Journal. 2021; 296 (43): 114-116.
12-Lazorko R, Olha D. Psychological Security of the Individual as a Functional Component of Professional Activity. Broad Research in Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience. 2021;235(2): 455-473.
13-Habibi A, Aynor, M. Structural Equation Modeling. Jihad University Publications. 2016; 456 (65): 175-263. [Persian]
14-Bahrami, B. The role of cognitive emotion-regulation strategies in the quality of life of cancer patients. Medical journal of mashhad university of medical sciences .2015; 145 (1236): 114-116. [Persian]
15-Hosni J. Psychometric characteristics of emotion cognitive order questionnaire. Psychometric Journal .2014; 246 (478503): 73-83. [Persian]
16-Wang A, Jiaqi L, Radesh K & et al. Measuring the psychological security of urban residents: Construction and validation of a new scale. Frontiers in psychology. 2019; 10: 24-23.
17-Khaljian S, Mohahamdi V. Construction and validation of security-oriented leadership style measuring instrument. Educational Leadership and Management Quarterly .2018; 963 (98): 39-57. [Persian]
18-Farero A, Dison G, Frred A & et al. Rash analysis of the Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale (RDAS) with military couples. Contemporary Family Therapy .2019;296 (423): 135-15.
19-Turliuc M, Antoinette A. Psychometric properties of the revised dyadic adjustment scale on a sample of married adults. Journal of Psychological and Educational Research .2013; 12(1): 49-51.
20-Yousefi N. Investigation of the psychometric indicators of the Marital Quality Scale. Psychometric Journal. 2012;12(5): 183-200. [Persian]
21-Sinesi, A Hoger J, Lomen D. Anxiety scales used in pregnancy: systematic review. BJPsych open . 2019 ;5 (1): 75-81.
22-Yousefi N. Psychometric features of the Persian version of the Pregnancy Concerns Questionnaire. Journal of Nursing and Midwifery .2015;123 (4): 215-225. [Persian]
23-Kharaghani R, Yazdanparast E, Arasteh A. evaluation of the Quality marital relationship with maternal fetal Attachment. Nursing and Midwifery Journal. 2021; 19 (8) :621-632. [Persian]
24-Babanazari L, Kafi S. Comparative study of pregnancy anxiety in relation to its different periods, marital satisfaction and demographic factors. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology (thought and behavior).2013;236 (4): 114-116. [Persian]
25-Bagheri S, Kokhuk R, Niromanesh S. Investigating the relationship between maternal-fetal attachment and marital quality of life with rumination in pregnant women with non-clinical depression. Disability Studies.2022 ;362 (3): 125-136. [Persian]
26-Aini F. Investigating the effect of marital conflict on concerns during pregnancy: the mediating role of psychological well-being. Family Counseling and Psychotherapy.2021;236 (2): 229-254. [Persian]
27-Xin A, Nazaf G, Sufei M & et al. Psychological security in Chinese college students during 2006–2019: The influence of social change on the declining trend. Journal of Affective Disorders. 2022;563 (41123): 126-129.
28-Nasiri S, Askarizadeh G, Fazilatpoor M. The Role of Cognitive Regulation Strategies of Emotion, Psychological Hardiness and Optimism in the Prediction of Death Anxiety of Women in their Third Trimester of Pregnancy. Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing. 2017;4(6):50-8. [Persian]
29-Nemati S, Gorgi H ,Zare H & et al. "The role of metacognitive beliefs and cognitive regulation of emotion in predicting the anxiety of students' corona disease." Knowledge and research in applied psychology .2023: 113-116. [Persian]
30-Jafarinasab M, Zare H, Ahmadi R, et al. The effectiveness of imago-based couple therapy on improving marital turmoil and quality of life in women affected by marital infidelity. Applied Family Therapy Journal. 2021;2(4):519-33. [Persian]
31-Inzlicht F, Michael N, Bodret F, et al. Integrating models of self-regulation. Annual review of psychology . 2021;72(5):319-45.
32-Schunk H, Barry J. Self‐regulation and learning: Handbook of Psychology, 2nd ed. UKA;2012:77-89 Morton publi cation.2012;7.
33-McClelland D, Megan M, Forret H, et al. Development and self‐regulation. Handbook of child psychology and developmental science. 2015;56(2):1-43.
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Psychology
Received: 2023/11/5 | Accepted: 2024/01/2 | Published: 2024/03/16
Received: 2023/11/5 | Accepted: 2024/01/2 | Published: 2024/03/16
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