Volume 22, Issue 5 (3-2023)
TB 2023, 22(5): 43-66 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Farahzadi Y, Esrfilian F, Bagheri Sheykhangafshe F. Discovering and Identifying the Lived Experience of the Affected Person and His Family in an Acute Encounter with One of the Types of Heart Diseases: A Phenomenological Study. TB 2023; 22 (5) :43-66
URL: http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-3541-en.html
URL: http://tbj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-3541-en.html
Assistant Professor of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran , Esrafilian.fo@gmail.com
Full-Text [PDF 891 kb]
(99 Downloads)
| Abstract (HTML) (125 Views)
Full-Text: (248 Views)
Discovering and Identifying the Lived Experience of the Affected Person and His Family in an Acute Encounter with One of the Types of Heart Diseases: A Phenomenological Study
Yeganeh Farahzadi (M.Sc.)1, Forough Esrfilian (Ph.D.)2, Farzin Bagheri Sheykhangafshe (Ph.D.s)3
1.M.A in Clinical Psychology, Family Therapy, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran.
2.Corresponding Author: Assistant Professor of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. Email: esrafilian.fo@modares.ac.ir Tel: +982182884688
3. Ph.D.s Candidate in Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Abstract
Introduction: Accepting the fact that a member of the family has heart disease and the stress of living with a heart patient can be so effective in the family that it might change its nature. In this context, the present research was conducted to discover and identify the patient's and his family's lived experience with acute exposure to one type of heart disease.
Methods: The present study was a qualitative research conducted through phenomenological analysis method in 2019 in Tehran. To collect data, semi-structured interviews were conducted regarding 6 patients hospitalized in the special care department of Baqiyatullah Hospital and 4 people accompanying the patients until the data saturation was reached. Data analysis was done using MAXQDA 20 software.
Results: Based on the findings of this research, 19 sub-themes and 7 main themes were obtained regarding the initial experiences of cardiovascular problems (malfunction)and internal states related to cardiovascular disease, the initial experience of the family related to cardiovascular disease, the atmosphere of Participants' life before experiencing cardiovascular disease, life experiences before experiencing cardiovascular disease, perceived changes after experiencing cardiovascular disease, and finally, facing the experience of cardiovascular disease.
Conclusion: The obtained results showed that suffering from cardiovascular diseases has wide psychological, social, and family consequences for the individual and their family. For this purpose, it is necessary to pay special attention to psychological aspects of these patients in addition to drug therapy.
Keywords: Lived Experience, Cardiovascular Disease, Phenomenology, Qualitative
References
1-Vogel B, Acevedo M, Appelman Y & etal. The Lancet women and cardiovascular disease Commission: reducing the global burden by 2030. The Lancet. 2021;397(10):2385-438.
2-Nowbar AN, Gitto M, Howard JP & etal. Mortality from ischemic heart disease: Analysis of data from the World Health Organization and coronary artery disease risk factors From NCD Risk Factor Collaboration. Circulation: cardiovascular quality and outcomes. 2019;12(6):e005375.
3-McAloon CJ, Boylan LM, Hamborg T & etal. The changing face of cardiovascular disease 2000–2012: An analysis of the world health organisation global health estimates data. International journal of cardiology. 2016; 224:256-64.
4-Townsend N, Kazakiewicz D, Lucy Wright F & etal. Epidemiology of cardiovascular disease in Europe. Nature Reviews Cardiology. 2022;19(2):133-43.
5-Park JW, Mealy R, Saldanha IJ & etal. Multilevel resilience resources and cardiovascular disease in the United States: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Health Psychology. 2022;41(4):278.
6-Saki N, Karandish M, Cheraghian B & etal. Prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and associated factors among adults from southwest Iran: Baseline data from Hoveyzeh Cohort Study. BMC cardiovascular disorders. 2022;22(1):1-10.
7-Buigues C, Queralt A, De Velasco JA & etal. Psycho-social factors in patients with cardiovascular disease attending a family-centred prevention and rehabilitation programme: EUROACTION model in Spain. Life. 2021;11(2):89.
8-Bjarnason-Wehrens B, Schwaab B, Reiss N & etal. Resistance training in patients with coronary artery disease, heart failure, and valvular heart disease: a review with special emphasis on old age, frailty, and physical limitations. Journal of cardiopulmonary rehabilitation and prevention. 2022;42(5):304-15.
9-Stoney CM, Kaufmann PG, Czajkowski SM. Cardiovascular disease: Psychological, social, and behavioral influences: Introduction to the special issue. American Psychologist. 2018;73(8):949.
10-Go AS, Mozaffarian D, Roger VL & etal. Heart disease and stroke statistics—2014 update: a report from the American Heart Association. circulation. 2014;129(3):e28-92.
11-Walli-Attaei M, Joseph P, Rosengren A & etal. Variations between women and men in risk factors, treatments, cardiovascular disease incidence, and death in 27 high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries (PURE): a prospective cohort study. The Lancet. 2020;396(10):97-109.
12-Yusuf S, Joseph P, Rangarajan S & etal. Modifiable risk factors, cardiovascular disease, and mortality in 155 722 individuals from 21 high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries (PURE): a prospective cohort study. The Lancet. 2020;395(10):795-808.
13-Wittenberg E, Saada A, Prosser LA. How illness affects family members: a qualitative interview survey. The Patient-Patient-Centered Outcomes Research. 2013; 6:257-68.
14-Sun X, Huang D, Zeng F & etal. Effect of intensive care unit diary on incidence of posttraumatic stress disorder, anxiety, and depression of adult intensive care unit survivors: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2021;77(7):2929-41.
15-Kasparian NA, Kan JM, Sood E & etal. Mental health care for parents of babies with congenital heart disease during intensive care unit admission: Systematic review and statement of best practice. Early human development. 2019; 139:104837.
16-Simeone S, Pucciarelli G, Perrone M & etal. The lived experiences of the parents of children admitted to a paediatric cardiac intensive care unit. Heart & Lung. 2018;47(6):631-7.
17-Obieat HD, Khalaf IA, Iyad AA & etal. Exploring the lived experiences of women with congenital heart disease during pregnancy: A phenomenological study. Midwifery. 2023; 119:103630.
18-Lane AM, Godfrey R. Emotional and cognitive changes during and post a near fatal heart attack and one-year after: A Case Study. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine. 2010;9(3):517.
19-Mszar R, Grandhi GR, Valero-Elizondo J & etal. Absence of coronary artery calcification in middle-aged familial hypercholesterolemia patients without atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular Imaging. 2020;13(4):1090-2.
20-Pretter S, Raveis VH, Carrero M & etal. Couples living with cardiovascular disease: Effects on the marital relationship. Journal of Family Social Work. 2014;17(1):21-36.
21-López R, Frangini P, Ramírez M & etal Well-being and agency in parents of children with congenital heart disease: a survey in chile. World Journal for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery. 2016;7(2):139-45.
22-Leigh ES, Wikman A, Molloy GJ & etal. The psychosocial predictors of long-term distress in partners of patients with acute coronary syndrome. Psychology & Health. 2014;29(7):737-52.
23-Cené CW, Haymore LB, Lin FC & etal. Family member accompaniment to routine medical visits is associated with better self-care in heart failure patients. Chronic illness. 2015;11(1):21-32.
24-Abdul Halain A, Tang LY, Chong MC & etal. Psychological distress among the family members of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients: A scoping review. Journal of clinical nursing. 2022;31(5-6):497-507.
25-Greenland P, Lloyd-Jones DM. Role of coronary artery calcium testing for risk assessment in primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: a review. JAMA Cardiology. 2022;7(2):219-24.
26-Aspers P, Corte U. What is qualitative in qualitative research. Qualitative sociology. 2019; 42:139-60.
27-Cypress B. Qualitative research methods: A phenomenological focus. Dimensions of Critical Care Nursing. 2018;37(6):302-9.
28-Hennink M, Kaiser BN. Sample sizes for saturation in qualitative research: A systematic review of empirical tests. Social science & medicine. 2022; 292:114523.
29-Creswell JW, Miller DL. Determining validity in qualitative inquiry. Theory into practice. 2000;39(3):124-30.
30-Kamal SS. Research paradigm and the philosophical foundations of a qualitative study. PEOPLE: International Journal of Social Sciences. 2019;4(3):1386-94.
31-Thunberg S, Arnell L. Pioneering the use of technologies in qualitative research–A research review of the use of digital interviews. International Journal of Social Research Methodology. 2022;25(6):757-68.
32-Tawakol A, Ishai A, Takx RA & etal. Relation between resting amygdalar activity and cardiovascular events: a longitudinal and cohort study. The Lancet. 2017;389(10071):834-45.
33-Farooqi A, Khunti K, Abner S & etal. Comorbid depression and risk of cardiac events and cardiac mortality in people with diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes research and clinical practice. 2019; 156:107816.
34-Popovic D, Bjelobrk M, Tesic M & etal. Defining the importance of stress reduction in managing cardiovascular disease-the role of exercise. Progress in cardiovascular diseases. 2022; 70:84-93.
35-Wells A, Reeves D, Heal C & etal. Metacognitive therapy self-help for anxiety-depression: Single-blind randomized feasibility trial in cardiovascular disease. Health Psychology. 2022;41(5):366.
36-Pimple P, Lima BB, Hammadah M & etal. Psychological distress and subsequent cardiovascular events in individuals with coronary artery disease. Journal of the American Heart Association. 2019;8(9):e011866.
Yeganeh Farahzadi (M.Sc.)1, Forough Esrfilian (Ph.D.)2, Farzin Bagheri Sheykhangafshe (Ph.D.s)3
1.M.A in Clinical Psychology, Family Therapy, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran.
2.Corresponding Author: Assistant Professor of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. Email: esrafilian.fo@modares.ac.ir Tel: +982182884688
3. Ph.D.s Candidate in Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Abstract
Introduction: Accepting the fact that a member of the family has heart disease and the stress of living with a heart patient can be so effective in the family that it might change its nature. In this context, the present research was conducted to discover and identify the patient's and his family's lived experience with acute exposure to one type of heart disease.
Methods: The present study was a qualitative research conducted through phenomenological analysis method in 2019 in Tehran. To collect data, semi-structured interviews were conducted regarding 6 patients hospitalized in the special care department of Baqiyatullah Hospital and 4 people accompanying the patients until the data saturation was reached. Data analysis was done using MAXQDA 20 software.
Results: Based on the findings of this research, 19 sub-themes and 7 main themes were obtained regarding the initial experiences of cardiovascular problems (malfunction)and internal states related to cardiovascular disease, the initial experience of the family related to cardiovascular disease, the atmosphere of Participants' life before experiencing cardiovascular disease, life experiences before experiencing cardiovascular disease, perceived changes after experiencing cardiovascular disease, and finally, facing the experience of cardiovascular disease.
Conclusion: The obtained results showed that suffering from cardiovascular diseases has wide psychological, social, and family consequences for the individual and their family. For this purpose, it is necessary to pay special attention to psychological aspects of these patients in addition to drug therapy.
Keywords: Lived Experience, Cardiovascular Disease, Phenomenology, Qualitative
References
1-Vogel B, Acevedo M, Appelman Y & etal. The Lancet women and cardiovascular disease Commission: reducing the global burden by 2030. The Lancet. 2021;397(10):2385-438.
2-Nowbar AN, Gitto M, Howard JP & etal. Mortality from ischemic heart disease: Analysis of data from the World Health Organization and coronary artery disease risk factors From NCD Risk Factor Collaboration. Circulation: cardiovascular quality and outcomes. 2019;12(6):e005375.
3-McAloon CJ, Boylan LM, Hamborg T & etal. The changing face of cardiovascular disease 2000–2012: An analysis of the world health organisation global health estimates data. International journal of cardiology. 2016; 224:256-64.
4-Townsend N, Kazakiewicz D, Lucy Wright F & etal. Epidemiology of cardiovascular disease in Europe. Nature Reviews Cardiology. 2022;19(2):133-43.
5-Park JW, Mealy R, Saldanha IJ & etal. Multilevel resilience resources and cardiovascular disease in the United States: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Health Psychology. 2022;41(4):278.
6-Saki N, Karandish M, Cheraghian B & etal. Prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and associated factors among adults from southwest Iran: Baseline data from Hoveyzeh Cohort Study. BMC cardiovascular disorders. 2022;22(1):1-10.
7-Buigues C, Queralt A, De Velasco JA & etal. Psycho-social factors in patients with cardiovascular disease attending a family-centred prevention and rehabilitation programme: EUROACTION model in Spain. Life. 2021;11(2):89.
8-Bjarnason-Wehrens B, Schwaab B, Reiss N & etal. Resistance training in patients with coronary artery disease, heart failure, and valvular heart disease: a review with special emphasis on old age, frailty, and physical limitations. Journal of cardiopulmonary rehabilitation and prevention. 2022;42(5):304-15.
9-Stoney CM, Kaufmann PG, Czajkowski SM. Cardiovascular disease: Psychological, social, and behavioral influences: Introduction to the special issue. American Psychologist. 2018;73(8):949.
10-Go AS, Mozaffarian D, Roger VL & etal. Heart disease and stroke statistics—2014 update: a report from the American Heart Association. circulation. 2014;129(3):e28-92.
11-Walli-Attaei M, Joseph P, Rosengren A & etal. Variations between women and men in risk factors, treatments, cardiovascular disease incidence, and death in 27 high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries (PURE): a prospective cohort study. The Lancet. 2020;396(10):97-109.
12-Yusuf S, Joseph P, Rangarajan S & etal. Modifiable risk factors, cardiovascular disease, and mortality in 155 722 individuals from 21 high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries (PURE): a prospective cohort study. The Lancet. 2020;395(10):795-808.
13-Wittenberg E, Saada A, Prosser LA. How illness affects family members: a qualitative interview survey. The Patient-Patient-Centered Outcomes Research. 2013; 6:257-68.
14-Sun X, Huang D, Zeng F & etal. Effect of intensive care unit diary on incidence of posttraumatic stress disorder, anxiety, and depression of adult intensive care unit survivors: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2021;77(7):2929-41.
15-Kasparian NA, Kan JM, Sood E & etal. Mental health care for parents of babies with congenital heart disease during intensive care unit admission: Systematic review and statement of best practice. Early human development. 2019; 139:104837.
16-Simeone S, Pucciarelli G, Perrone M & etal. The lived experiences of the parents of children admitted to a paediatric cardiac intensive care unit. Heart & Lung. 2018;47(6):631-7.
17-Obieat HD, Khalaf IA, Iyad AA & etal. Exploring the lived experiences of women with congenital heart disease during pregnancy: A phenomenological study. Midwifery. 2023; 119:103630.
18-Lane AM, Godfrey R. Emotional and cognitive changes during and post a near fatal heart attack and one-year after: A Case Study. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine. 2010;9(3):517.
19-Mszar R, Grandhi GR, Valero-Elizondo J & etal. Absence of coronary artery calcification in middle-aged familial hypercholesterolemia patients without atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular Imaging. 2020;13(4):1090-2.
20-Pretter S, Raveis VH, Carrero M & etal. Couples living with cardiovascular disease: Effects on the marital relationship. Journal of Family Social Work. 2014;17(1):21-36.
21-López R, Frangini P, Ramírez M & etal Well-being and agency in parents of children with congenital heart disease: a survey in chile. World Journal for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery. 2016;7(2):139-45.
22-Leigh ES, Wikman A, Molloy GJ & etal. The psychosocial predictors of long-term distress in partners of patients with acute coronary syndrome. Psychology & Health. 2014;29(7):737-52.
23-Cené CW, Haymore LB, Lin FC & etal. Family member accompaniment to routine medical visits is associated with better self-care in heart failure patients. Chronic illness. 2015;11(1):21-32.
24-Abdul Halain A, Tang LY, Chong MC & etal. Psychological distress among the family members of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients: A scoping review. Journal of clinical nursing. 2022;31(5-6):497-507.
25-Greenland P, Lloyd-Jones DM. Role of coronary artery calcium testing for risk assessment in primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: a review. JAMA Cardiology. 2022;7(2):219-24.
26-Aspers P, Corte U. What is qualitative in qualitative research. Qualitative sociology. 2019; 42:139-60.
27-Cypress B. Qualitative research methods: A phenomenological focus. Dimensions of Critical Care Nursing. 2018;37(6):302-9.
28-Hennink M, Kaiser BN. Sample sizes for saturation in qualitative research: A systematic review of empirical tests. Social science & medicine. 2022; 292:114523.
29-Creswell JW, Miller DL. Determining validity in qualitative inquiry. Theory into practice. 2000;39(3):124-30.
30-Kamal SS. Research paradigm and the philosophical foundations of a qualitative study. PEOPLE: International Journal of Social Sciences. 2019;4(3):1386-94.
31-Thunberg S, Arnell L. Pioneering the use of technologies in qualitative research–A research review of the use of digital interviews. International Journal of Social Research Methodology. 2022;25(6):757-68.
32-Tawakol A, Ishai A, Takx RA & etal. Relation between resting amygdalar activity and cardiovascular events: a longitudinal and cohort study. The Lancet. 2017;389(10071):834-45.
33-Farooqi A, Khunti K, Abner S & etal. Comorbid depression and risk of cardiac events and cardiac mortality in people with diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes research and clinical practice. 2019; 156:107816.
34-Popovic D, Bjelobrk M, Tesic M & etal. Defining the importance of stress reduction in managing cardiovascular disease-the role of exercise. Progress in cardiovascular diseases. 2022; 70:84-93.
35-Wells A, Reeves D, Heal C & etal. Metacognitive therapy self-help for anxiety-depression: Single-blind randomized feasibility trial in cardiovascular disease. Health Psychology. 2022;41(5):366.
36-Pimple P, Lima BB, Hammadah M & etal. Psychological distress and subsequent cardiovascular events in individuals with coronary artery disease. Journal of the American Heart Association. 2019;8(9):e011866.
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Psychology
Received: 2023/08/5 | Accepted: 2023/12/3 | Published: 2024/01/16
Received: 2023/08/5 | Accepted: 2023/12/3 | Published: 2024/01/16
Send email to the article author
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
