Abstract

Introduction: fungi exist all over the world and about as much as flowering plants are abundant and diverse. They reproduce through spores. Fungi can grow at body temperature and may easily infect susceptible people and make some infections. The study of fungal spores is one of the important indicators of biological air quality. So, it defined as the purpose of this study.  
 Methods: This is a cross - sectional study and conducted in Damghan and two villages around it. We used a Bioaerosols sampler for sampling in the breathing level height (m 2-1) by a direct sampling on the sabouraud dextrose agar media. Five points in the urban area and five points from streets of the villages were chosen. In each point, sampling with two replicate on different days of a season and with sampling flow of 28 liters per minute for 5 minutes was performed.         
Results: In this study totally 132 colonies were observed in taken the samples, Damghan samples with 64 colonies were the greatest and the villages Mehmandust with 36 colonies and 32 colonies Jazan, had the lowest number of colonies. Most fungal species in the Damghan air were including Aspergillus fumigatus, Alternaria, Penicillium and Aspergillus flavus and Most fungal species in the villages were Aspergillus fumigatus , Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium.    
Conclusion: according to the results, rural air quality in Damghan is more favorable in terms of fungal spores. So, the presence of the sensitive persons or patients in rural areas or less crowded area and low-traffic like the village, can help these people in health Promotion.